Perineal reconstruction after extra-levator abdominoperineal excision (eLAPE): a systematic review.

Purpose: Extra-levator abdominal perineal excision of rectum (eLAPE) for low rectal tumours is associated with a lower incidence of circumferential resection involvement. However, there is no consensus on the ideal technique for perineal reconstruction following eLAPE. We thereby conducted a 5-year review of perineal closure outcomes following eLAPE.

Adverse effects of neuromuscular blocking agents based on yellow card reporting in the U.K.: are there differences between males and females?

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are known to occur during anaesthesia; in the U.K. such ADRs may be reported through the Yellow Card Scheme (YCS).