Effect of wire size on maxillary arch force/couple systems for a simulated high canine malocclusion.

Aims: To better understand the effects of copper nickel titanium (CuNiTi) archwire size on bracket-archwire mechanics through the analysis of force/couple distributions along the maxillary arch. The hypothesis is that wire size is linearly related to the forces and moments produced along the arch.

Materials And Methods: An Orthodontic Simulator was utilized to study a simplified high canine malocclusion.

Analysis of maxillary arch force/couple systems for a simulated high canine malocclusion: Part 1. Passive ligation.

Objective: To better understand the mechanics of bracket/archwire interaction through analysis of force and couple distribution along the maxillary arch.

Materials And Methods: An orthodontic simulator was utilized to study high canine malocclusion. Force/couple distributions, referenced to the center of resistance (CR) of each tooth, produced by passive ligation brackets and round wire were measured.

Analysis of maxillary arch force/couple systems for a simulated high canine malocclusion: Part 2. Elastic ligation.

Objective: To better understand the mechanics of bracket/archwire interaction through analysis of force and couple distribution along the maxillary arch using elastic ligation and to compare these results with passive ligation.

Materials And Methods: An orthodontic simulator was used to study a high canine malocclusion. Force and couple distributions produced by elastic ligation and round wire were measured.

Measurement of orthodontic bracket tie wing elastic and plastic deformation by arch wire torque expression utilizing an optical image correlation technique.

Orthodontic lingual root movement (torque) is an important aspect of treatment biomechanics and is typically achieved by torsion of a rectangular wire within the orthodontic bracket slot which introduces a force couple. The magnitude of the force moment achieved by wire torsion may be influenced by deformation of the orthodontic bracket. A device utilizing an optical image correlation technique has been developed to accurately quantify bracket slot dimensional changes during application of wire torsion.

A comparison of torque expression between stainless steel, titanium molybdenum alloy, and copper nickel titanium wires in metallic self-ligating brackets.

Objective: The force moment providing rotation of the tooth around the x-axis (buccal-lingual) is referred to as torque expression in orthodontic literature. Many factors affect torque expression, including the wire material characteristics. This investigation aims to provide an experimental study into and comparison of the torque expression between wire types.

Torque expression in stainless steel orthodontic brackets. A systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the quantitative effects on torque expression of varying the slot size of stainless steel orthodontic brackets and the dimension of stainless steel wire, and to analyze the limitations of the experimental methods used.

Materials And Methods: In vitro studies measuring torque expression in conventional and self-ligating stainless steel brackets with a torque-measuring device, with the use of straight stainless steel orthodontic wire without second-order mechanics and without loops, coils, or auxiliary wires, were sought through a systematic review process.

Results: Eleven articles were selected.

Three-dimensional orthodontic force measurements.

Introduction: Until recently, much of the orthodontic biomechanics literature was restricted to 2-dimensional experimental studies and, more recently, to assumption-based 3-dimensional computer modeling. There is little evidence in the literature regarding 3-dimensional experimental measurements and analysis of orthodontic force systems.

Methods: The purpose of this study was the design, construction, and validation of a laboratory-based human mouth model capable of accurately measuring forces and moments applied by orthodontic fixed appliances on all teeth in 1 arch.

Torque expression of self-ligating brackets.

Introduction: The labiolingual inclination of maxillary and mandibular incisors is considered by many orthodontists to be an important determinant of pleasing dental esthetics and ideal stable occlusion. In contemporary fixed appliances, attaching a rectangular orthodontic archwire to a bracket with a rectangular slot makes third-order control possible. The purpose of this study was to measure the difference in third-order moments that can be delivered by engaging 0.

Clinical variability in arch wires: a preliminary study evaluating mechanical and surface characteristics of two different sized rectangular stainless steel wires.

Experimental characterization of arch wires has been performed in many previous studies; however with the advent of new arch wire materials being introduced, some new experimental methods and characterization are required. Since literature is available for comparison, this paper examines mechanical and physical characteristics of steel arch wires to quantify their variability in engineering terms. Furthermore, the effect of wire size on properties was evaluated using two of the most common wire sizes.