High-Performance SAW Resonator on New Multilayered Substrate Using LiTaO Crystal.

To develop the high-performance filters and duplexers required for recent long-term evolution frequency bands in mobile handsets, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator is needed that has a higher quality (Q) and a lower temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). To achieve this, the authors focused on acoustic energy confinement in the depth direction for a rotated Y-X LiTaO (LT) substrate. Characteristics of multilayered substrates with low-impedance and high-impedance layers under LT layer were studied numerically in terms of acoustic energy distribution, phase velocity, coupling coefficient, and temperature characteristics employing a finite-element method simulation.

Solvent-induced virus inactivation by acidic arginine solution.

Viral clearance is a primary concern for parenteral protein biopharmaceuticals. Low pH, detergent/solvent wash, or heating, called pasteurization, has been the main process for virus inactivation. Detergent/solvent wash is also used to treat superficial infectious diseases, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections.

Relationship among systolic blood pressure, serum insulin and leptin, and visceral fat accumulation in obese children.

The aim of this study was to clarify the relation among systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum insulin, leptin, visceral fat accumulation and family history of hypertension, and to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanism of blood pressure elevation in obese children. This study examined 109 obese children with a family history of hypertension (OF: 77 boys and 32 girls), and 83 obese children without such a history (ON: 60 boys and 23 girls). Body height and weight, and percent of body fat were measured and the percent of relative weight was calculated.

Changes of fiber type ratio and diameter in rabbit skeletal muscle during limb lengthening.

Changes in the fiber-type ratio and diameter during limb lengthening in 10 adult rabbits were studied using histochemical techniques. Changes in the ratio and diameter of muscle fibers (classified as type 1, 2A, or 2B fibers) in tibialis anterior muscles were examined after 20% gradual distraction of the tibia. There was an increase in the number of type 1 fibers and a decrease in type 2B fibers after tibial lengthening.