Predictive value of the Naples prognostic score on postoperative outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.

Purpose: The Naples prognostic score (NPS) is a prognostic index based on the nutritional and inflammatory status. However, its utility in predicting postoperative complications (POCs) has not been examined in rectal cancer (RC). We evaluated the predictive value of the preoperative NPS for POCs in RC.

Clinical features and oncological outcomes of intestinal cancers associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Background: Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease are at high risk of developing intestinal cancers. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the differences between intestinal cancers associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Methods: Intestinal cancers in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients treated between 1983 and 2020 at 43 Japanese institutions were retrospectively analyzed.

Significance of information obtained during transanal drainage tube placement after anterior resection of colorectal cancer.

Introduction: It has recently been reported that the placement of a transanal drainage tube after rectal cancer surgery reduces the rate of anastomotic leakage. However, transanal drainage tube cannot completely prevent anastomotic leakage and the management of transanal drainage tube needs to devise. We investigated the information obtained during transanal drainage tube placement and evaluated the relationship between these factors and anastomotic leakage.

Development and evaluation of a colorectal cancer screening method using machine learning-based gut microbiota analysis.

Accumulating evidence indicates that alterations of gut microbiota are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the use of gut microbiota for the diagnosis of CRC has received attention. Recently, several studies have been conducted to detect the differences in the gut microbiota between healthy individuals and CRC patients using machine learning-based gut bacterial DNA meta-sequencing analysis, and to use this information for the development of CRC diagnostic model.

The impact of the surgical Apgar score on oncological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer: a propensity score-matched study.

Background: The surgical Apgar score (SAS) predicts postoperative complications (POCs) following gastrointestinal surgery. Recently, the SAS was reported to be a predictor of not only POCs but also prognosis. However, the impact of the SAS on oncological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully examined.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer Undergoing Active Cancer Treatment in an Ambulatory Therapy Center: The Patients' Perspective.

Background: The mortality risk increases greatly in patients with cancer if they are infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The new American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines for the COVID-19 pandemic suggested modifications to the standards of care to reduce harm from treatment. However, it is unclear whether these changes suit the wishes of patients.

Prevention of anastomotic leakage using a polyglycolic acid sheet in double-stapling technique anastomosis for rectal surgery.

Background: Due to the development of surgical techniques and devices, the incidence of anastomosis leakage in rectal surgery has decreased. However, anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery remains a serious postoperative complication. The present study examined whether or not a polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet is effective for reinforcing rectal anastomosis.

Long-term follow up in two cases of pelvic reconstruction using a combined VRAM flap-sacrocolpopexy for severe perineal hernia after abdominoperineal resection.

Perineal hernia is an infrequent complication of abdominoperineal resection (APR) and, currently, there is no consensus as to the optimal operative technique. Surgical repair can be achieved by either cerclage or the use of mesh or autologous tissue, and it has been reported that the recurrence rate after repair using autologous tissue is 33%. We present two post-APR cases of severe perineal hernia with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) which did not improve after repair using mesh.

Prognostic value of the density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported to reflect the anti-tumor immune status of patients and to be correlated with their prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. However, the characteristics of the local immune status in metastatic tumors is poorly understood, as primary tumors have been the focus in most previous studies. In addition, the local immune status may be influenced by preoperative chemotherapy.

The Impact of Tumor-associated Macrophages on Chemoresistance Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been reported to promote proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Furthermore, angiogenesis has been reported to induce chemoresistance due to the inefficient distribution of drugs to cancer cells.

The Surgical Apgar Score Predicts Postoperative Complications in Elderly Patients After Surgery for Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: The surgical Apgar score (SAS) has been validated as a risk assessment tool for postoperative complications. However, the utility of the SAS in elderly patients with colorectal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the utility of the SAS for predicting the severe complications in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Lactate Dehydrogenase Is a Useful Marker for Predicting the Efficacy of Bevacizumab-containing Chemotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: No biomarkers that predict the benefit from anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies have been identified. It is necessary to discover biomarkers that can identify patients who are more likely to benefit from bevacizumab-containing treatment, especially those who are more likely to benefit from treatment with bevacizumab beyond progression (BBP). Levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reported to be an indirect marker of hypoxia and angiogenesis, may be a useful marker for monitoring the efficacy of suppression of angiogenesis.

[A Case of the Large Rectal GIST Treated by Laparoscopic Anus Preserving Operation after Neoadjuvant Therapy with Imatinib Mesylate].

A 50s old woman admitted to our hospital with anal pain, who was diagnosed as rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). After neoadjuvant therapy with imatinib mesylate for 6 months, the tumor reduced by 75% from its original size and anus preserving operation(low anterior resection)was performed. After operation adjuvant therapy with imatinib mesylate was performed for 2 years and 6 months.

[A Case of Submucosal-Like Tumor at Cecum That Was Diagnosed as Colon Metastasis from Gastric Cancer].

The patient was a 70-year-old woman who had received distal gastrectomy for the gastric cancer which histology was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, pT4a(SE), ly2, v0, pNX, H0, P1, cy0 and pStage Ⅳ. She was treated with SOX after the operation. However, 4 years after gastrectomy, contrast enhanced abdominal CT showed a mass in the cecum and colonoscopy revealed submucosal-like tumor in the cecum, but the pathological diagnosis was unclear.

[A Case of Advanced Rectal Cancer with Metastasis Successfully Treated with an Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Drug].

A 63-year-old asymptomatic woman was diagnosed with multiple liver tumors and a left pulmonary tumor by CT. Colonoscopy( CS)showed a Type 2, quarter circular tumor on Rb. The diagnosis was cT3N1aM1b(H3, PUL1), cStage Ⅳb rectal cancer.

Novel prognostic biomarkers of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Objectives: Pouchitis is a major complication after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Although there have been many investigations of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in various diseases, its role in predicting the development of pouchitis remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the NLR for predicting the development of pouchitis after IPAA in UC patients.

Combining Bevacizumab With Trifluridine/Thymidine Phosphorylase Inhibitor Improves the Survival Outcomes Regardless of the Usage History of Bevacizumab in Front-line Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: The efficacy of trifluridine/thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (FTD/TPI) plus bevacizumab as later-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has been demonstrated. However, little is known about the impact of a usage history of bevacizumab in front-line treatment on the clinical benefit of combining bevacizumab with FTD/TPI.

Patients And Methods: A total of 62 patients with mCRC treated with FTD/TPI±bevacizumab was enrolled and assessed for chemotherapeutic efficacy and adverse events.

Inflammation Caused by Surgical Stress Has a Negative Impact on the Long-term Survival Outcomes in Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Inflammation is known to promote the progression of cancer, and there is increasing evidence that inflammation caused by the antitumor response of the host and post-operative infectious complications worsens the prognosis for colorectal cancer. However, the impact of post-operative inflammation caused by surgical stress on long-term survival is unclear.

Patients And Methods: A total of 274 patients who underwent curative operation for stage II/III colorectal cancer were enrolled and assessed for the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on postoperative day (POD) 1 and 7 and postoperative infectious complications.