Topical application of timolol decreases the severity and frequency of epistaxis in patients who have previously undergone nasal dermoplasty for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Objective: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is widely known to cause bleeding that is difficult to control because of the associated vascular wall fragility. Although nasal dermoplasty results in decreased severity and frequency of nasal bleeding in patients with HHT, it does not eradicate epistaxis because this procedure cannot cover the entire nasal cavity. Residual bleeding warrants additional effective therapy.

Comparison of Simple Eudragit Microparticles Loaded with Prednisolone and Eudragit-Coated Chitosan-Succinyl-Prednisolone Conjugate Microparticles: Part II. In Vivo Evaluation of Efficacy, Toxicity, and Biodisposition Characteristics.

We previously prepared and evaluated simple Eudragit S100 microparticles loaded with prednisolone (ES-MP) and Eudragit S100-coated chitosan-succinyl-prednisolone conjugate microparticles (Ch-MP/ES) in vitro. In this work, the effectiveness, toxic side effects (5 mg prednisolone (PD) eq/kg × 3 d, 10 mg PD eq/kg × 3 d), and pharmacokinetic characteristics (5 mg PD eq/kg) were examined using rats with colitis induced through 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. ES-MP did not change the efficacy or toxic side effects of PD, and this was attributed to incomplete delivery to the target site and prolonged systemic drug absorption by ES-MP.

Three cases of organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus: clinical features and immunohistological studies for vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expressions.

Objectives. Organized hematoma (OH) is a rare, nonneoplastic, hemorrhagic lesion causing mucosal swelling and bone thinning, mainly in the maxillary sinus. We aimed to clarify the clinical presentation and treatment of OH.

[Clinical 22-case study of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia subjects undergoing nasal dermoplasty].

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)-a systemic autosomal dominant disorder adversely affecting skin, mucous membranes, and visceral blood vessels-typically shows epistaxis. In this pathological condition, even minor stimulation may cause bleeding and hemostasis is unlikely to occur. Subjects with HHT showing severe nasal bleeding require nasal dermoplasty (ND).

Cytokine profiles in Japanese patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is classified in CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) and CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) in western countries, whereas this classification was not common so far in Japan. Studying inflammatory mediators in clearly defined disease subgroups may lead to a better differentiation of chronic sinus diseases.

Methods: Homogenates of sinonasal mucosal tissue from 14 controls, 9 CRSsNP patients, and 19 CRSwNP patients were assayed for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-5, immunoglobulin E (IgE), Staphylococcus enterotoxin (SAE)-IgE, eosinophil-catioic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or UNICAP system.

Comparison of simple Eudragit microparticles loaded with prednisolone and Eudragit-coated chitosan-succinyl-prednisolone conjugate microparticles: Part I. Particle characteristics and in vitro evaluation as a colonic delivery system.

Objective: Simple Eudragit microparticles loaded with prednisolone and chitosan-succinyl-prednisolone conjugate microparticles coated with Eudragit were prepared and characterized in vitro in order to obtain their basic features as a colonic delivery system.

Materials And Methods: Both types of microparticles were prepared by the emulsification-solvent evaporation modified somewhat from the previous one. Their particle size, shape and their drug content were investigated, and in vitro release profiles were examined using JP-15 1st fluid (pH 1.

A new method of nasal dermoplasty (MW grafting method) in patients with large septal perforation.

Nasal dermoplasty is effective in controlling epistaxis in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Skin graft take failure occurs mostly in cases of large septal perforation. The MW method was developed as a modification of nasal dermoplasty designed for patients with HHT having a large septal perforation.

Are patients with severe epistaxis caused by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia satisfied with nostril closure surgery?

Objective: Recurrent epistaxis as a manifestation of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is usually difficult to control. Although no treatment is regarded to be completely efficacious, nostril closure is considered a modality of choice for the most severe cases. The cessation of airflow resulting from this procedure can stop bleeding by minimizing risk factors.

Experimentally induced eosinophilic polyps in rabbit sinuses.

Background: Nasal polyps are one of the most common findings of physical examination in the otolaryngology area and the experimental model of nasal polyps in the rabbit maxillary sinus is helpful for clarifying the mechanism of polyp formation. Several protocols have been reported for this model, but most of them involved infectious polyps without eosinophil infiltration. We have attempted to establish a novel rabbit model of polyps associated with eosinophil infiltration.

Characterization of a whole set of tRNA molecules in an aerobic hyper-thermophilic Crenarchaeon, Aeropyrum pernix K1.

The tRNA molecule has an important role in translation, the function of which is to carry amino acids to the ribosomes. It is known that tRNA is transcribed from tRNA genes, some of which, in Eukarya and Archaea, contain introns. A computational analysis of the complete genome of Aeropyrum pernix K1 predicted the presence of 14 intron-containing tRNA genes.

Extending the photoresponse of TiO2 to the visible light region: photoelectrochemical behavior of TiO2 thin films prepared by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering deposition method.

TiO(2) thin films prepared by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RF-MS) deposition method were found to show an enhanced photoelectrochemical response in the visible light region. By controlling the temperature and the gaseous medium during the deposition step, it was possible to control the properties of these films. The photoelectrochemical behavior of the sputtered TiO(2) thin films was compared with that of a commercial TiO(2) sample, and the sputtered films showed higher incident photon to the charge carrier generation efficiency (IPCE of 12.

Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae.

The genome of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus important for the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages in Japan, has been sequenced. The ability to secrete large amounts of proteins and the development of a transformation system have facilitated the use of A. oryzae in modern biotechnology.

Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.

By analyzing 1,780,295 5'-end sequences of human full-length cDNAs derived from 164 kinds of oligo-cap cDNA libraries, we identified 269,774 independent positions of transcriptional start sites (TSSs) for 14,628 human RefSeq genes. These TSSs were clustered into 30,964 clusters that were separated from each other by more than 500 bp and thus are very likely to constitute mutually distinct alternative promoters. To our surprise, at least 7674 (52%) human RefSeq genes were subject to regulation by putative alternative promoters (PAPs).

Evolutionary process of amino acid biosynthesis in Corynebacterium at the whole genome level.

Corynebacterium glutamicum, which is the closest relative of Corynebacterium efficiens, is widely used for the large scale production of many kinds of amino acids, particularly glutamic acid and lysine, by fermentation. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which is well known as a human pathogen, is also closely related to these two species of Corynebacteria, but it lacks such productivity of amino acids. It is an important and interesting question to ask how those closely related bacterial species have undergone such significant functional differentiation in amino acid biosynthesis.

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

As a base for human transcriptome and functional genomics, we created the "full-length long Japan" (FLJ) collection of sequenced human cDNAs. We determined the entire sequence of 21,243 selected clones and found that 14,490 cDNAs (10,897 clusters) were unique to the FLJ collection. About half of them (5,416) seemed to be protein-coding.

Comparative complete genome sequence analysis of the amino acid replacements responsible for the thermostability of Corynebacterium efficiens.

Corynebacterium efficiens is the closest relative of Corynebacterium glutamicum, a species widely used for the industrial production of amino acids. C. efficiens but not C.

Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of the industrial microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis.

Species of the genus Streptomyces are of major pharmaceutical interest because they synthesize a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the linear chromosome of Streptomyces avermitilis. S.

Pyrococcus prefoldin stabilizes protein-folding intermediates and transfers them to chaperonins for correct folding.

A molecular chaperone prefoldin/GimC from the hyperthermophilic archaeum Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 was characterized. Pyrococcus prefoldin protected porcine heart citrate synthase from thermal aggregation whereas each subunit alone afforded little protection. It also arrested the spontaneous refolding of acid-denatured green fluorescent protein and then transferred it not only to a group II chaperonin from the hyperthermophilic archaeum Thermococcus sp.

Three proliferating cell nuclear antigen-like proteins found in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix: interactions with the two DNA polymerases.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an essential component in the eukaryotic DNA replication machinery, in which it works for tethering DNA polymerases on the DNA template to accomplish processive DNA synthesis. The PCNA also interacts with many other proteins in important cellular processes, including cell cycle control, DNA repair, and an apoptotic pathway in the domain EUCARYA: We identified three genes encoding PCNA-like sequences in the genome of Aeropyrum pernix, a crenarchaeal archaeon. We cloned and expressed these genes in Escherichia coli and analyzed the gene products.