Phylogeographic History of Endangered Hokuriku Salamander, (Amphibia: Caudata).

Knowledge of the phylogeographic history of organisms is valuable for understanding their evolutionary processes. To the best of our knowledge, the phylogeographic structure of Hokuriku salamander, , an endangered species, remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the phylogeographic history of , which is expected to be strongly influenced by paleogeographic events.

Hybridization of Two Species of Japanese Toads, and , in the Central Part of Japan.

Interspecific hybridization between two species of Japanese toads, (Bt) and (Bjf), was not thought to have occurred due to the differences in their spawning habitats, although their hybridization was reported by previous research in a limited area. Such hybridization could have pivotal effects, such as genetic admixture, on Bt, which has a limited distribution and habitat. In this study, to clarify the details of hybridization, a total of 192 individuals were collected from multiple parapatric regions and an only Bjf allopatric region and analyzed based on morphology, mtDNA sequences, and nuclear DNA microsatellite loci.