Photosynthetic and Growth Responses in a Pioneer Tree (Japanese White Birch) and Competitive Perennial Weeds ( sp.) Grown Under Different Regimes With Limited Water Supply to Waterlogging.

For a successful natural regeneration of Japanese white birch ( var. ), competitive vegetation should be managed. Here, we clarified how soil water condition modifies the competitiveness of Japanese white birch against perennial weeds, species, based on an ecophysiological approach combining a glasshouse experiment and a field survey.

Constant ratio of C to C under various CO concentrations and light intensities, and during progressive drought, in seedlings of Japanese white birch.

Constant mesophyll conductance (g), and two-resistance g model (involved in resistances of cell wall and chloroplast), where g reaches maximum under higher CO concentrations, cannot describe the phenomenon that g decreases with increasing intercellular CO concentration (C) under relatively higher CO concentrations. Yin et al. (2020) proposed a g model, according to which the ratio of chloroplastic CO concentration (C) to C is constant in the two-resistance g model, which can describe the decreasing g with increasing C.

Ethylenediurea (EDU) effects on Japanese larch: an one growing season experiment with simulated regenerating communities and a four growing season application to individual saplings.

Japanese larch ( (Lamb.) Carr.) and its hybrid are economically important coniferous trees widely grown in the Northern Hemisphere.

Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance.

The density and architecture of leaf veins determine the network and efficiency of water transport within laminae and resultant leaf gas exchange and vary widely among plant species. Leaf hydraulic conductance ( K) can be regulated by vein architecture in conjunction with the water channel protein aquaporin. However, our understanding of how leaf veins and aquaporins affect leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance ( g) remains poor.

On the Nonmonotonic, Hormetic Photoprotective Response of Plants to Stress.

Accumulated evidence show that reactive species play a dual role in plants as well, with likely biphasic responses. This suggests that photoprotective mechanisms may also show similar patterns because they are highly related to reactive species. The nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is an index of heat dissipation of excitation energy in the antenna system.

Springtime photoinhibition constrains regeneration of forest floor seedlings of Abies sachalinensis after a removal of canopy trees during winter.

A clear-cutting of canopy trees during winter often causes severe foliar damage during the following spring in forest floor seedlings of Abies sachalinensis, a typical shade-tolerant evergreen coniferous species. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II after an overnight dark adaptation showed a temporary decrease immediately before budbreak in 1-year-old shoots of A. sachalinensis seedlings grown under full sunlight in a nursery, suggesting "springtime photoinhibition" related to the phenology of evergreen coniferous species.

Canopy nitrogen distribution is optimized to prevent photoinhibition throughout the canopy during sun flecks.

As photoinhibition primarily reduces the photosynthetic light use efficiency at low light, sunfleck-induced photoinhibition might result in a fatal loss of carbon gain in the shade leaves within a canopy with barely positive carbon balance. We hypothesized that shade leaves at the lower canopy might retain a certain amount of leaf nitrogen (N) to maintain energy consumption via electron transport, which contributes to circumventing photoinhibition during sunflecks to keep efficient utilization of low light during the rest period of daytime. We investigated excess energy production, a potential measure of susceptibility to photoinhibition, as a function of N distribution within a Japanese oak canopy.

A practical approach to estimate diffusional leakages of leaf chamber of open gas exchange systems using intact leaves.

We propose a novel approach to determine the coefficient of CO diffusional leakage (k ) in the chamber of a portable open gas exchange system (Li-6400, Li-Cor Inc., NE, USA) using intact leaves. Assuming that dark respiration rate (R ) is constant at various CO concentrations, at least in a short term, k should be the value that makes the leak-corrected R constant.

Overwintering evergreen oaks reverse typical relationships between leaf traits in a species spectrum.

The leaf economics spectrum has given us a fundamental understanding of the species variations in leaf variables. Across plant species, tight correlations among leaf mass per area (LMA), mass-based nitrogen (N m) and photosynthetic rate (A m) and leaf lifespan have been well known as trade-offs in leaf carbon economy. However, the regional or biome-level correlations may not be necessary to correspond with the global-scale analysis.

Photoprotection of evergreen and drought-deciduous tree leaves to overcome the dry season in monsoonal tropical dry forests in Thailand.

In tropical dry forests, uppermost-canopy leaves of evergreen trees possess the ability to use water more conservatively compared with drought-deciduous trees, which may result from significant differences in the photoprotective mechanisms between functional types. We examined the seasonal variations in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and the amounts of photosynthetic pigments within lamina of the uppermost-canopy leaves of three drought-deciduous trees (Vitex peduncularis Wall., Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.

Seasonal variations of gas exchange and water relations in deciduous and evergreen trees in monsoonal dry forests of Thailand.

This study compared leaf gas exchange, leaf hydraulic conductance, twig hydraulic conductivity and leaf osmotic potential at full turgor between two drought-deciduous trees, Vitex peduncularis Wall. and Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W.

Seasonal variations in water relations in current-year leaves of evergreen trees with delayed greening.

We investigated seasonal patterns of water relations in current-year leaves of three evergreen broad-leaved trees (Ilex pedunculosa Miq., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., and Eurya japonica Thunb.

Coordination of crown structure, leaf plasticity and carbon gain within the crowns of three winter-deciduous mature trees.

We examined the vertical profiles of leaf characteristics within the crowns of two late-successional (Fagus crenata Blume and Fagus japonica Maxim.) and one early-successional tree species (Betula grossa Sieb. et Zucc.