Bilateral glomus tympanicum tumors: Human temporalbone study.

To describe human temporal bones with bilateral glomus tympanicum tumors. Patient is 83-year-old black female who no pulsatile tinnitus. The histopathologic characteristics of human temporal bones after death were setting Department of Otolaryngology of University of Minnesota in USA.

Nasal septal abscess caused by anaerobic bacteria of oral flora.

Although nasal septal abscess (NSA) was formerly common, it has become rare since the development of antibiotics. NSA, if left untreated, can lead to intracranial complications such as meningitis and eventually result in saddle-nose deformity. NSA often occurs after injury, and indigenous skin bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus are frequently detected.

Histopathology of tympanic membranes from patients with ventilation tubes.

Objective: To evaluate the histopathologic changes in tympanic membranes (TMs) with ventilation tubes (VTs).

Methods: In this retrospective human temporal bone study our overall study group included 4 subgroups of TMs from deceased donors as follows: 24 with a history of VT insertion for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME-VT); 5 with a history of VT insertion for Meniere's disease (MD-VT); 33 without a history of VT insertion for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME); and 14 without a history of VT insertion for Meniere's disease (MD). We classified the extent of migration of the outer keratinized squamous epithelium onto the inner surface of TM perforations and noted the presence and location of tympanosclerosis, of atrophy, of perforation, and/or of cholesteatoma formation.

Two cases of thermal burns of the larynx in older men.

Cases of thermal burns of the larynx in infants and in patients with mental illness have been reported, but those in older people are rare. We report two cases of thermal burns of the larynx in older people caused by ingestion of microwave-heated food (meat and potato stew or a bean-jam filled bun). Both patients were users of full dentures.

Aberrant keratin 7 and 20 expression in triple-negative carcinoma of the breast.

Early studies characterizing the keratin (K) profile of various epithelial tissues indicated that breast carcinoma is K7 positive and K20 negative, but not all breast carcinomas show this profile. Triple-negative carcinoma (TNC) has been characterized by negativity for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and Her2/neu protein. TNC is more likely to metastasize to the viscera and present as a metastatic poorly different carcinoma.

Neck swelling from a retropharyngeal abscess caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a case report.

Background: In small children, retropharyngeal abscesses usually occur after upper respiratory tract infections. Unlike in adults, these abscesses are difficult to diagnose in small children, and can rapidly develop into deep neck or mediastinal abscesses.

Case Presentation: A 2-year-old Japanese boy recently presented to our department with a chief complaint of neck swelling.

Phase II clinical trial of high-dose toremifene as primary hormone therapy in aromatase inhibitor-resistant breast cancer.

Background: Third-generation aromatase inhibitors(AIs)are now common in adjuvant hormone therapy for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. However, a suitable treatment has yet to be established for patients who develop cancer recurrence during or after adjuvant AI therapy.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 120mg/day toremifene citrate(TOR-120)administered orally to 23 patients with recurrent breast cancer who were receiving or had received adjuvant AI therapy.

Association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and deposits in the semicircular canals.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of cupular and free-floating deposits in the semicircular canals between temporal bones of type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and normal controls.

Study Design: Case-control histopathologic human temporal bone study.

Setting: Otopathology laboratory in a tertiary academic medical center.

Impact of CD44+CD24- cells on non-sentinel axillary lymph node metastases in sentinel node-positive breast cancer.

Although complete axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is the standard for evaluating axillary status after the identification of a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) in breast cancer; approximately 40-60% of SLN-positive patients have negative non-SLN. In this study, to explore putative breast cancer stem cells with CD44+CD24- in the SLN, we retrospectively analyzed the expression of CD44+CD24- on metastatic tumor cells within SLNs as a predictive factor for positive non-SLNs (NSLNs). We tested 271 patients for SLNs using serial sectioning with cytokeratin immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin-eosin staining and identified 67 patients who had a positive SLN biopsy and complete ALND.

Comparing the cochlear spiral modiolar artery in type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus:a human temporal bone study.

This study examined whether pathological findings were present in cochlear vessels for patients with diabetes mellitus. Twenty-six temporal bones from 13 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 40 temporal bones from 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined. Type 2 diabetic temporal bones were divided into 2 groups according to diabetic management (22 temporal bones with insulin therapy, and 18 with oral hypoglycemic drugs).

Round window membrane in Ménière's disease: a human temporal bone study.

Objectives: To disclose the histopathologic findings of the thickness of the round window membrane and the presence of false round window membrane in Ménière's disease.

Methods: Twelve temporal bones from 6 patients with bilateral Ménière's disease, 44 temporal bones from 23 patients with unilateral Ménière's disease, and 102 age-matched normal temporal bones from 56 individuals were histopathologically examined. The thickness of the round window membrane was calculated from 3 different places.

Recommendations for 'adequate evaluation of hormone receptors' a report of the task force of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society.

The task force of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society was assembled to examine variable factors related to the immunohistochemical evaluation of hormone receptors in breast cancer, and to provide recommendations for adequate handling of specimens and accurate evaluations for hormone receptors. The various factors examined were: i) the adequate handling of breast cancer tissue for IHC, ii) the concordant rate between EIA and IHC assays using 5 different staining methods, iii) the inter-observer diversity for evaluation, and iv) the threshold for the predictive value of endocrine therapy of primary and recurrent/metastatic breast cancers. The conducted studies found that a 10% threshold was stable and reliable in spite of different validations including the concordance between IHC and EIA assays, inter-observer diversity and disease-free survival rates for patients who received tamoxifen for primary breast cancers.

Vascular findings in the stria vascularis of patients with unilateral or bilateral Ménière's disease: a histopathologic temporal bone study.

Hypothesis: There are pathologic changes of vessels in the stria vascularis in patients with Ménière's disease.

Background: The cause of Ménière's disease is under debate.

Methods: This study examined 14 temporal bones from 7 patients with bilateral Ménière's disease, 30 temporal bones from 15 patients with unilateral Ménière's disease, and 17 age-matched, normal temporal bones from 12 subjects.

EGFR as paradoxical predictor of chemosensitivity and outcome among triple-negative breast cancer.

We retrospectively analyzed the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a prognostic marker to predict neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and survival among breast cancer subtypes. We used immunohistochemical profiles to subtype the patients. EGFR expression was determined using immunohistochemistry.

Temporal bone study of trisomy 13 syndrome.

The temporal bones of a 23-week-old female who had multiple congenital anomalies and bilateral hearing loss with trisomy 13 syndrome were evaluated under light microscopy. In the left cochlea, spiral ganglion cells and cochlear nerve fibers are absent. In the right ear, an abnormal branch of the singular nerve passes between the utricle and lateral semicircular canals and separates the two portions, one to the flattened crista of the lateral semicircular canal, the other to the utricular macula.

Histopathologic changes of contralateral human temporal bone in unilateral Ménière's disease.

Hypothesis: To disclose the histopathologic findings in the contralateral temporal bone in unilateral Ménière's disease.

Background: Several functional studies reported abnormal findings in the contralateral ears in patients with unilateral Ménière's disease.

Methods: This study involved quantitative analysis, including the number of spiral ganglion cells, the loss of cochlear hair cells, the area of stria vascularis, and the density of fibrocytes in the spiral ligament.

Comparison of evaluations for hormone receptors in breast carcinoma using two manual and three automated immunohistochemical assays.

The aims of this study were to compare the quality of immunohistochemical assays of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and to compare the intermethod variability of assays from different manufacturers. immunohistochemical staining was entrusted to the following laboratories in Japan: Kyowa Medex, dealing with the products of BioGenex (Mishima, Shizuoka), DAKO Japan (Kyoto) and Ventana Japan (Yokohama). All slides were semiquantitatively evaluated according to the Allred score.

Association between cupular deposits and otosclerosis.

Objective: To evaluate whether otosclerosis is an underlying mechanism for the production of cupular deposits and to study the association between cupular deposits and dysequilibrium in otosclerosis.

Design: Retrospective human temporal bone (TB) study. The incidence of cupular deposits in these 70 TBs was analyzed.

Effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on cochlear structure in humans.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on cochlear elements in humans.

Design: Comparative study of the histopathologic characteristics of human temporal bones.

Setting: Otopathology laboratory in a tertiary academic medical center.

Immunohistochemical evaluation for hormone receptors in breast cancer: a practically useful evaluation system and handling protocol.

This article reviews the current status of hormone receptor evaluation in and out of Japan, and introduces the proposed working protocol of the task force for Adequate immunohistochemical evaluation in routine practice for breast cancer by the Japanese Breast Cancer Society. Understanding the principles and the developmental process of immunohistochemistry helps us to utilize a scoring system adequately. Methodologies of hormone receptor examination and immunohistochemical procedures are briefly introduced.

Tympanic membrane changes in central tympanic membrane perforations.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in central tympanic membrane perforations caused by chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine temporal bones from 25 patients (13 male patients and 12 female patients) with central tympanic membrane perforations-18 chronic otitis media with perforation and 11 chronic otitis media with perforation caused by ventilation tubes-and 30 aged-matched normal temporal bones were included in this study. A scale was used to evaluate the extension of the migration of stratified squamous epithelium in the inner surface of the tympanic membrane.

Cochlear changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of diabetes on cochlear elements in human beings.

Study Design And Setting: Twenty-six temporal bones (mean age, 37.5 years) with type 1 diabetes and 30 age-matched controls were examined by light microscopy.