Visualization of the scleral structure changes at various stages of eyes with myopic maculopathy using polarization-sensitive OCT.

Purpose: To observe the detailed structures of the inner and outer sclera at various stages of myopic maculopathy using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT).

Methods: A PS-OCT system was developed for imaging the posterior eye using a swept laser. Data from highly myopic patients who underwent PS-OCT examination between May and June 2019 were used to generate birefringence images (showing scleral fiber density), optic axis images (visualizing the orientation of scleral fibers), and streamline images (providing 3D reconstructions to visualize scleral fiber stream).

Therapeutic potential of trained immunity for malignant disease.

Trained immunity (TI) is functional memory displayed by innate immune cells (IICs). TI facilitates rapid, non-specific responses to pathogens upon secondary challenge. It is driven by immunological signaling and metabolic rewriting epigenetic alteration, triggered by recognition of certain stimuli.

Impact of Pre-Hospital Intravenous Infusion on Physiological Parameters in Severe Trauma Patients.

Introduction The relationship between pre-hospital intravenous (IV) infusions administered by emergency life-saving technicians (ELSTs) to trauma patients in shock and the resulting variability in their vital signs before hospital arrival remains unclear. In 2014, Japan approved the use of lactated Ringer's solution via IV by ELSTs for patients aged 15 and older with non-cardiac arrest and shock symptoms not caused by cardiogenic factors. However, the impact of pre-hospital IV infusions on physiological parameters in severely injured trauma patients is still unknown.

Ten-Year Outcomes of a Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial (SHIP0804) With 3-Month Neoadjuvant Androgen Deprivation Prior to I-Seed Transperineal Prostate Brachytherapy Followed by Nil Versus 9-Month Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To analyze the effects of adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) on time to event after neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and I-transperineal prostate brachytherapy (TPPB), compared with neoadjuvant ADT and TPPB only, in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IRPC).

Methods And Materials: In this multicenter, open-label, phase 3 randomized controlled trial (SHIP0804), 421 patients with IRPC were randomly assigned to either 9-month AHT (AHT arm) or no AHT (non-AHT arm) after 3 months of neoadjuvant ADT and TPPB. The primary endpoint was biochemical progression-free survival, and secondary endpoints included overall survival and clinical progression-free survival.

Multilayer-laminated optically transparent 300-GHz-band transmissive beamforming metasurface for wireless communication.

A 300-GHz-band transmission-type multilayer metasurface beamformer based on a Jerusalem cross geometry is presented. A metamaterial cell with a continuous 2π phase variation for the radius change was designed and used in the fabrication of a reference device and three types of beamforming devices. The beamforming metasurface devices achieved steering angles of θ = 18°, θ = 30°, and θ = 38°, which were in good agreement with simulated results.

Effect of teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-2 analog, in eosinophilic enterocolitis: a case report.

We successfully treated a 4-year-old girl with short bowel syndrome and eosinophilic enterocolitis with teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-2 analog. Her eosinophilic enterocolitis was cured without relapse, and we were able to increase enteral nutrition. We found that teduglutide had an anti-inflammatory effect in this patient with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease associated with short bowel syndrome.

Optimizing prostate cancer detection in transition zone: an analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient values in prostate magnetic resonance imaging evaluation with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) assessment.

Background: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is increasingly used for the early detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, the achievement of accurate detection rates, particularly for transition zone (TZ) lesions, remains challenging. We investigated the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3-5 lesions and csPCa within the TZ.

QUANTIFICATION OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW SPEEDS IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY USING VARIABLE INTERSCAN TIME ANALYSIS OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY.

Purpose: To investigate retinal capillary plexus capillary flow speed and vessel density in diabetic retinopathy and normal subjects using variable interscan time analysis optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: High speed swept source OCTA imaging using multiple interscan times was performed over a 5 mm × 5 mm field-of-view with 600 kHz A-scan rate. Second-generation variable interscan time analysis OCTA was used to measure a surrogate marker for capillary blood flow speed, variable interscan time analysis flow speed (VFS), in the superficial and intermediate capillary plexuses VFS , and deep capillary plexus VFS .

Demonstration of in-vivo simultaneous 3D imaging with F-FDG and NaI using Compton-PET system.

Simultaneous imaging of the SPECT tracer I and PET tracer F is important in the diagnosis of high- and low-grade thyroid cancers because high-grade thyroid cancers have high F-FDG and low I uptake, while low-grade thyroid cancers have high I and low F-FDG uptake. In this study, NaI and F-FDG were simultaneously imaged using the Compton-PET system, in vivo. The angular resolution and sensitivity of the Compton camera with 356 keV gamma ray measured using a Ba point source were 12.

Persistently High Platelet Factor 4 Levels in an Adolescent with Recurrent Late Thrombotic Complications after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination.

Thrombosis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination is a serious complication in patients with a thrombophilic predisposition. Herein, we present a 17-year-old female who had underlying antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) 6 months after her second BNT162b2 vaccine dose. Although she had no family history of thrombosis, she had previously developed DVT at 6 years of age, with thrombus formation in the right common iliac vein and the inferior vena cava, along with concomitant left pulmonary infarction.

Click Chemistry Enables [Zr]Zr-DOTA Radioimmunoconjugation for Theranostic Zr-immunoPET.

There have been predictions that the use of the macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) in zirconium-89 (Zr) immuno-positron emission tomography (Zr-immunoPET) could enhance the in vivo stability of Zr radioimmunoconjugates. However, conjugating [Zr]Zr-DOTA to a monoclonal antibody (mAb) remains a challenge as the heat treatment required for [Zr]Zr-DOTA chelation can lead to thermal denaturation of the mAb moieties. We developed a method for synthesizing [Zr]Zr-DOTA-mAb based on a tetrazine (Tz)-conjugated bifunctional DOTA derivative 2,2',2″-(10-(1-(4-(1,2,4,5-tetrazin-3-yl)phenyl)-3,21,26-trioxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-29-carboxy-2,22,25-triazanonacosane-29-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetic acid (DOTAGA-Tz) and the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) click chemistry reaction where -cyclooctene-modified mAbs are conjugated to [Zr]Zr-DOTAGA without being exposed to heat.

Topographic Measurement of the Subretinal Pigment Epithelium Space in Normal Aging and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using High-Resolution OCT.

Purpose: A micrometer scale hyporeflective band within the retinal pigment epithelium basal lamina - Bruch's membrane complex (RPE-BL-BrM) was topographically measured in aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional study, 90 normal eyes from 76 subjects (range = 23-90 years) and 53 dry AMD eyes from 47 subjects (range = 62-91 years) were enrolled. Isotropic volume raster scans over 6 mm × 6 mm (500 × 500 A-scans) were acquired using a high-resolution (2.

A Bridge to Curative Surgery for Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: Self-expandable Metallic Stent Decompression Tube.

Background/aim: Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement is becoming the standard bridge-to-surgery (BTS) strategy for potentially curable left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). The study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of SEMS placement as a BTS strategy for both right- and left-sided OCRC.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively compared the short- and long-term outcomes of patients with OCRC who underwent placement of a SEMS versus a trans-nasal/anal decompression tube (DCT).

Effect of timing of advanced life support on out-of-hospital cardiac arrests at home.

Aim: In cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) occurring at home, Japanese emergency medical services personnel decide whether to provide treatment on the scene or during transport based on their judgment. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the timing of advanced life support (ALS) (i.e.

Prognostic value of micrometric substaging in pT1 bladder cancer patients treated with en-bloc transurethral resection.

Aims: We aimed to assess the oncological impact of micrometric extent of invasion in patients with pT1 bladder cancer (BCa) who underwent en-bloc resection for bladder tumour (ERBT).

Methods And Results: We retrospectively analysed the records and specimens of 106 pT1 high-grade BCa patients who underwent ERBT. The extent of invasion, such as depth from basal membrane, number of invasive foci, maximum width of invasive focus, muscularis mucosae invasion and infiltration pattern (pattern A: solid sheet-like, nodular or nested growth, pattern B: trabecular, small cluster or single-cell pattern) were evaluated by a single genitourinary pathologist.

Analysis of overweight/obese pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group AML-05 study.

The dosage of chemotherapy drugs for overweight/obese children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been empirically reduced based on ideal body weight (BW) in Japan to reduce the risk of adverse events. We investigated the associations between pre-therapeutic body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes among children with AML. A total of 280 children were divided into two groups based on the World Health Organization Child Growth Standards: a healthy-weight group (n = 254), and an overweight/obese group (n = 26).