Successful management of immunotherapy-resistant respiratory failure in anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody-positive myositis by modified lung volume recruitment therapy: A case report.

Rationale: Anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) M2-positive myositis can lead to severe respiratory failure. Traditional immunotherapies sometimes fail to address respiratory failure. Herein, this CARE-compliant case report described a patient with AMA-M2-positive myositis who recovered from ventilation with tracheostomy owing to immunotherapy-resistant respiratory failure to spontaneous breathing after modified lung volume recruitment (mLVR) therapy.

Candidate tumor-specific CD8 T cell subsets identified in the malignant pleural effusion of advanced lung cancer patients by single-cell analysis.

Isolation of tumor-specific T cells and their antigen receptors (TCRs) from malignant pleural effusions (MPE) may facilitate the development of TCR-transduced adoptive cellular immunotherapy products for advanced lung cancer patients. However, the characteristics and markers of tumor-specific T-cells in MPE are largely undefined. To this end, to establish the phenotypes and antigen specificities of CD8 T cells, we performed single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing of samples from three advanced lung cancer patients.

[Significance and Points to Note of Perioperative Oral Care].

With the development of minimally invasive surgery for lung cancer, surgical indications for elderly patients have been increasing. However, elderly patients are at risk for aspiration pneumonia, which is accompanied by a decline in swallowing function and results in aspiration pneumonia. More than 700- 1,000 species are present in the oral microbiome, and the progression of the oral microbiome to the lung has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis.

New evaluation of the tumor immune microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer and its association with prognosis.

Background: A better understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) will facilitate the development of prognostic biomarkers and more effective therapeutic strategies in patients with lung cancer. However, little has been reported on the comprehensive evaluation of complex interactions among cancer cells, immune cells, and local immunosuppressive elements in the TIME.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were carried out on 113 lung cancers.

Efficacy of preoperative inhaled LAMA/LABA combinations in patients with lung cancer and untreated COPD.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a high incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). When untreated COPD is found before lung cancer surgery, we have been actively intervening therapeutically with inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) combinations. We investigated the efficacy of preoperative LAMA/LABA treatment.

Utility of Coaxial Angioplasty-thrombectomy for Acute Tandem Occlusion of Intracranial and Extracranial Arteries.

Objective: We report a novel technique for acute occlusion of both intracranial and extracranial arteries (tandem lesions [TL]).

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old male was transferred to our hospital because of right hemiparesis and aphasia. MRA revealed occlusion of the left cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA).

Preoperative screening for nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant in patients undergoing general thoracic surgery.

Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a risk factor for surgical site infections (SSIs). However, few studies have evaluated the rate of nasal carriage of MRSA and its effect on SSIs in patients undergoing general thoracic surgery. We investigated the importance of preoperative screening for nasal carriage of MRSA in patients undergoing general thoracic surgery.

Thoracoscopic segmentectomy: hybrid approach for clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Recently, minimally invasive surgical approaches have been developed, typified by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). A meticulous surgical procedure to prevent local recurrence is required during segmentectomy for clinical stage I non-small-cell primary lung cancer. In this article, we demonstrated the validity of hybrid VATS segmentectomy.

Division of the intersegmental plane using electrocautery for segmentectomy in clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Division of intersegmental planes is one of the important practical issues for segmentectomy to obtain feasible outcomes without relapse for clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Almost all surgeons perform this procedure using a stapler. However, division of intersegmental planes for segmentectomy can also be performed by electrocautery.

Necrotizing soft tissue infection of the thigh associated with retroperitoneal abscess in a patient with locally advanced ascending colon cancer: A case report.

Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a rare but rapidly progressing soft-tissue infection. Few reports of NSTI caused by colon cancer have been published. We present a rare case of NSTI of the thigh associated the retroperitoneal spread of ascending colon cancer.

Successful treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy for pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis as a complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a case report.

Background: Although gastrointestinal involvement in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis is uncommon, it is associated with mild to severe life-threatening complications. We present a case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis that was treated successfully with hyperbaric oxygen.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old Japanese man with a 3-year history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis consulted our hospital with a complaint of severe back pain.

Toxic shock syndrome caused by suture abscess with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with late onset after Caesarean section.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but life-threatening multisystem disease known to develop in the early postoperative period after various surgery. We report a rare case in which a patient who underwent Caesarean section developed TSS caused by methicillin-resistant (MRSA) on the 39th postoperative day. She was treated with debridement because of the possible diagnosis of necrotizing soft tissue infections.

Flare-Up Diverticulitis in the Terminal Ileum in Short Interval after Conservative Therapy: Report of a Case.

Diverticulitis in the terminal ileum is uncommon. Past reports suggested that conservative therapy may be feasible to treat terminal ileum diverticulitis without perforation; however, there is no consensus on the therapeutic strategy for small bowel diverticulitis. We present a 37-year-old man who was referred to our hospital for sudden onset of abdominal pain and nausea.

Propensity score-matching analysis of hybrid video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and thoracoscopic lobectomy for clinical stage I lung cancer†.

Objectives: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy is classified into hybrid VATS (direct and video vision) and thoracoscopic VATS (video vision only). In this study, the outcomes of hybrid VATS and thoracoscopic VATS for clinical stage I lung cancer were compared using a propensity score-matching analysis.

Methods: Hybrid and thoracoscopic VATS were performed in 178 and 76 patients, respectively.