Endoscopic characteristics to differentiate SSLs and microvesicular hyperplastic polyps from goblet cell-rich hyperplastic polyps.

Among colorectal serrated polyps (SPs), sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) and hyperplastic polyps (HPs) have a similar endoscopic appearance. However, the endoscopic distinctions between those two categories, microvesicular HPs (MVHPs) and goblet cell-rich HPs (GCHPs), are not well understood. Therefore, we compared the endoscopic features of SSLs, MVHPs, and GCHPs.

Colorectal adenoma detection rate using texture and color enhancement imaging versus white light imaging with chromoendoscopy: a propensity score matching study.

Background And Aim: Few studies have evaluated the adenoma detection rate (ADR) of colonoscopy with texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI), a novel image-enhancing technology. This study compares the detection of colorectal polyps using TXI to that using white light imaging (WLI).

Methods: This single-center retrospective study used propensity-matched scoring based on the patients' baseline characteristics (age, sex, indication, bowel preparation, endoscopist, colonoscope type, and withdrawal time) to compare the results of patients who underwent chromoendoscopy using WLI or TXI at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic.

Association between colonic adenoma size and proliferative zone in the crypt.

Background: We previously reported unusual adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt. The proliferative zones of colorectal adenomas have three patterns: 'lower,' 'superficial' and 'entire'. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of each adenoma pattern.

Granulocyte-monocyte/macrophage apheresis for steroid-nonresponsive or steroid-intolerant severe alcohol-associated hepatitis: A pilot study.

Background: Patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (SAH) have a high short-term mortality rate. Unmet needs exist in patients who are refractory to corticosteroids (CS) or are ineligible for early liver transplantation.

Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, nonrandomized pilot study conducted at a liver transplant center in Tokyo, Japan, starting in October 2015.

Improved visibility of colorectal tumor by texture and color enhancement imaging with indigo carmine.

Background: Accurate diagnosis and early resection of colorectal polyps are important to prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer. However, technical factors and morphological factors of polyps itself can lead to missed diagnoses. Image-enhanced endoscopy and chromoendoscopy (CE) have been developed to facilitate an accurate diagnosis.

Hyperplastic polyp-like adenoma: a subtype of colonic adenoma with a proliferative zone confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt.

Background: The proliferative zone of colonic adenomas is confined to the upper third of the crypt or is scattered along its entire axis. In contrast, there are unusual adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt. We investigated the frequency and endoscopic features of adenomas with lower proliferative zones.

Case report: Pathological differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension in long-term responders to calcium channel blockers.

Background: This study investigates the pulmonary arterial histopathology in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and acute vasoreactive phenotype, who demonstrated long-term survival (>30 years) and incidental death from causes other than PAH progression. The pathological changes observed in these patients were compared with those in patients with bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) mutation.

Case Presentation: We present two cases of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) who died incidentally from causes unrelated to PAH progression.

Gastric cancer incidence based on endoscopic Kyoto classification of gastritis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) incidence based on the endoscopic Kyoto classification of gastritis has not been systematically investigated using time-to-event analysis.

Aim: To examine GC incidence in an endoscopic surveillance cohort.

Methods: This study was retrospectively conducted at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic.

Simple drainage versus drainage with minocycline infusion for symptomatic hepatic cysts.

Percutaneous treatment of symptomatic hepatic cysts includes simple drainage and drainage with sclerosing agents. We compared the efficacy of simple drainage with that of drainage with minocycline infusion for treating symptomatic hepatic cysts. We retrospectively evaluated 11 patients who underwent percutaneous drainage of symptomatic hepatic cysts.

Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Epithelial Neoplasms: A Systematic Review.

In this review, we summarize up-to-date reports with five-year observation after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Five-year cause-specific survival rates ranged from 98.6 to 100%.

Increasing trend of -uninfected gastric cancer without gastric atrophy.

The prevalence of () has decreased during several decades due to improvements in the sanitary environment in Japan. Consequently, a relative increase in the incidence of -uninfected gastric cancer is expected. We analyzed the trends in -uninfected gastric cancer.

Dynamics of type IV collagen 7S fragment on eradication of HCV with direct antiviral agents: Prognostic and metabolomic impacts.

Background: Liver fibrosis is one of the cardinal clinical features of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the mechanisms underlying the evolution and reversion of liver fibrosis after hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication and their relationship with clinical outcomes and metabolic alterations are not fully elucidated. Whether any non-invasive fibrosis marker can predict prognosis is unknown.

TXI (Texture and Color Enhancement Imaging) for Serrated Colorectal Lesions.

Background And Aim: Olympus Corporation released the texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) technology as a novel image-enhancing endoscopic technique. We investigated the effectiveness of TXI in the imaging of serrated colorectal polyps, including sessile serrated lesions (SSLs).

Methods: Serrated colorectal polyps were observed using white light imaging (WLI), TXI, narrow-band imaging (NBI), and chromoendoscopy with and without magnification.

Decreased anti-parietal cell antibody titer in the advanced phase of autoimmune gastritis.

Background: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is histologically classified into three phases according to the severity of oxyntic mucosal atrophy: early, florid, and end phases. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the AIG phase and the anti-parietal cell antibody titer.

Methods: Patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were retrospectively reviewed in this study.

Sitafloxacin for Third-Line Eradication: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aim: Sitafloxacin-based therapy is a potent candidate for third-line eradication treatment. In this systematic review, we summarise current reports with sitafloxacin-based therapy as a third-line treatment.

Methods: Clinical studies were systematically searched using PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and the Igaku-Chuo-Zasshi database.

Clue of Diagnosis for Autoimmune Gastritis.

Background: The diagnostic clues for autoimmune gastritis (AIG) can be classified into 2 categories: endoscopic findings and pathological diagnosis. We believe that research on the AIG detection rate by endoscopists could provide a better understanding of the diagnosis of AIG. This study aimed to clarify the ratio of the endoscopic and the pathological diagnoses of AIG.

Early Dynamics of MELD Scores Predict Corticosteroid Responsiveness to Severe Acute-Onset Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Timely diagnosis and management of severe acute-onset autoimmune hepatitis (SA-AIH), a potential cause of acute liver failure (ALF), are challenging. An initial trial of corticosteroids (CS) followed by an assessment of clinical responses over 1-2 weeks is advocated by the latest international practice guidelines and expert reviews. Consideration of a second-line drug while evaluating for liver transplantation (LT) is also recommended.

Comparison of stereotactic body radiotherapy and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis of propensity score studies.

Aim: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has shown excellent local control (LC), as has radiofrequency ablation (RFA). As no randomized controlled trial has compared SBRT and RFA for HCC, data from a propensity score matched study (PSMS) are valuable. However, the results varied greatly and depended on composing factors of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging (BCLC-factors) adjusted.

Vulnerability to recurrent episodes of acute decompensation/acute-on-chronic liver failure characterizes those triggered by indeterminate precipitants in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background: Acute decompensation (AD) of liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are fatal and impair quality of life. Insufficient knowledge of the highly heterogeneous natural history of LC, including decompensation, re-compensation, and possible recurrent decompensation, hinders the development and application of novel therapeutics. Approximately 10%-50% of AD/ACLF is reported to be precipitated by any indeterminate (unidentifiable, cryptogenic, or unknown) acute insults; however, its clinical characteristics are unclear.

Endoscopic diagnosis for colorectal sessile serrated lesions.

Background: Hyperplastic polyps are considered non-neoplastic, whereas sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are precursors of cancer the ''serrated neoplastic pathway''. The clinical features of SSLs are tumor size (> 5 mm), location in the proximal colon, coverage with abundant mucus called the ''mucus cap'', indistinct borders, and a cloud-like surface. The features in magnifying narrow-band imaging are varicose microvascular vessels and expanded crypt openings.

Risk Factors for Prolonged Hospital Stay after Endoscopy.

Background/aims: The recovery room used after endoscopy has limited capacity, and an efficient flow of the endoscopy unit is desired. We investigated the duration of hospital stay after endoscopy and the risk factors for prolonged hospital stay among outpatients.

Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy or colonoscopy at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic.

The simplified Kyoto classification score is consistent with the ABC method of classification as a grading system for endoscopic gastritis.

The ABC method combined with antibody and serum pepsinogen is a useful predictive method for stomach cancer. Kyoto classification is a new grading system for endoscopic gastritis. However, the consistency of the Kyoto score with the ABC method remains unclear.

Effects of vonoprazan on gastric PH and clinical course after gastric ESD: A retrospective and prospective study.

Background: Vonoprazan has been more widely used for artificial ulcers after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer; however, no reports have examined intragastric pH during ESD. The present study aimed to measure gastric pH at the time of ESD and the clinical course afterwards for patients treated with vonoprazan the night before undergoing ESD.

Materials And Methods: We examined medication status regarding gastric acid secretion and antithrombotic drugs, post-ESD bleeding as a perioperative complication, and the timing of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after ESD and ulcer healing in 156 patients who underwent gastric ESD at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2019.