Effects of an environmental endocrine disruptor, para-nonylphenol on the cell growth of Euglena gracilis: association with the cellular oxidative stress.

Effects of an environmental endocrine disruptor, para-nonylphenol (NP) on the cell growth of a photosynthetic eukaryotic microorganism, Euglena gracilis were analysed under different cell culture conditions. Although NP did not show significant inhibitory effects on the cell growth of E. gracilis (Z and SM strains) under light culture condition, NP exhibited significant suppressive effects under dark culture condition.

5-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone derivatives from induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in locomotion and energy metabolism. Maintenance or enhancement of skeletal muscle mass contributes to the improvement of mobility and prevents the development of metabolic diseases. The extracts from rhizomes contain at least ten methoxyflavone derivatives that exhibit enhancing effects on ATP production and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells.