Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Marine-Lenhart Syndrome in Japan.

Introduction: Marine-Lenhart syndrome (MLS) is now understood to be a combination of Graves' disease and autonomously functioning thyroid nodule(s) (AFTNs). The prevalence of the syndrome and suitable treatments for those living in iodine-sufficient areas are uncertain.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the prevalence, treatment, and prognosis of MLS in Japan, an iodine-sufficient area.

Serum Thyroid Hormone Balance in Levothyroxine Monotherapy-Treated Patients with Atrophic Thyroid After Radioiodine Treatment for Graves' Disease.

Some studies reported that among athyreotic patients on levothyroxine (LT4) after total thyroidectomy, patients with normal serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels had mildly low serum free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels, whereas patients with mildly suppressed serum TSH levels had normal serum fT3 levels. The reduction of the thyroid volume (TV) after radioiodine treatment for Graves' disease is well known; however, a few studies evaluated thyroidal function including serum triiodothyronine (T3) levels of hypothyroid patients on LT4 after radioiodine treatment in detail. We retrospectively studied 446 patients treated with LT4 for radioiodine-induced hypothyroidism and who had undergone ultrasonography.

The association between thyroid hormone balance and thyroid volume in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.

While patients with large goitrous thyroid diseases often have a relatively high serum free triiodothyronine (FT)/free thyroxine (FT) ratio, athyreotic patients have a relatively low FT/FT ratio. Here we investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone status and thyroid volume (TV) among a large number of euthyroid Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) patients. We retrospectively enrolled 2,603 untreated HT patients who visited the Kuma hospital from 2012 to 2016, and divided them into four groups as per the TV: normal TV (<20 mL), slight goiter (20 ≤ TV < 50 mL), moderate goiter (50 ≤ TV < 80 mL), and the large goiter group (≥80 mL).

Effect of Anagliptin on Glycemic and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Anagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor expected to improve the lipid profile as well as glycemic control. However, findings from large-scale prospective trials have not been obtained.

Methods: We performed a multicenter prospective trial in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving anagliptin to evaluate its effect on glycemic control and the lipid profile.

Association of usual sleep quality and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in Japanese: A cross sectional study. Sleep and Food Registry in Kanagawa (SOREKA).

Objectives: Excessively short and long sleep durations are associated with type 2 diabetes, but there is limited information about the association between sleep quality and diabetes. Accordingly, the present study was performed to investigate this relationship.

Materials And Methods: The subjects were 3249 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 20 years or older.

Hepatic CREB3L3 controls whole-body energy homeostasis and improves obesity and diabetes.

Transcriptional regulation of metabolic genes in the liver is the key to maintaining systemic energy homeostasis during starvation. The membrane-bound transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like 3 (CREB3L3) has been reported to be activated during fasting and to regulate triglyceride metabolism. Here, we show that CREB3L3 confers a wide spectrum of metabolic responses to starvation in vivo.

The liver-enriched transcription factor CREBH is nutritionally regulated and activated by fatty acids and PPARalpha.

To elucidate the physiological role of CREBH, the hepatic mRNA and protein levels of CREBH were estimated in various feeding states of wild and obesity mice. In the fast state, the expression of CREBH mRNA and nuclear protein were high and profoundly suppressed by refeeding in the wild-type mice. In ob/ob mice, the refeeding suppression was impaired.