The transfer of radioactive cesium and potassium from rice to sake.

Using rice grains contaminated with radioactive cesium ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) that was released by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in March of 2011, we investigated the behaviors of the radioactive cesium and potassium (total K and (40)K) during sake brewing. Cesiumis a congener of K, and yeast cells have the ability to take up Cs using known K transporters. During rice polishing, the concentrations of radioactive Cs and K in the polished rice grains decreased gradually until a milling ratio (polished rice weight/brown rice weight) of 70% was reached.

The transfer of stable ¹³³Cs from rice to Japanese sake.

Possible contamination by radioactive cesium (Cs), released by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant Accident in Japan on March 2011, has been a matter of concern with respect to Japanese sake made from rice grains cultivated in affected fields. In this study, the behavior of stable (133)Cs, which is a useful analogue for predicting the behavior of radioactive Cs, was investigated in the production of sake using rice grains harvested in Japan in 2010. The concentration of stable (133)Cs in the polished rice grains decreased gradually with decreasing milling ratios until a ratio of 70% was reached, and below that point, it did not change significantly.

[What causes self-control failure in delayed-cost dilemma: the role of affective expectancy and regulatory resource].

Two studies were conducted to examine the effect of affects on self-control behavior in delayed cost dilemma. Results of Study 1 suggested that long term negative affects such as regret and self-disgust might have facilitating effects on motivation of self-control if they were anticipated before delayed-cost dilemma situations, but inhibiting effects on self-efficacy of control when experienced after dilemma situations. Study 2 examined the effect of affect priming on self-control in eating behavior, as well as an interaction effect of anticipated affect and regulatory resource on it.