Insight into functional diversity of cytochrome P450 in the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium: involvement of versatile monooxygenase.

To elucidate functional diversity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases from the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PcCYPs), we conducted a comprehensive functional screening using a wide variety of compounds. A functionomic survey resulted in characterization of novel PcCYP functions and discovery of versatile PcCYPs that exhibit broad substrate profiles. These results suggested that multifunctional properties of the versatile PcCYPs would play crucial roles in diversification of fungal metabolic systems involved in xenobiotic detoxification.

Isolation and characterization of solvent-tolerant Pseudomonas putida strain T-57, and its application to biotransformation of toluene to cresol in a two-phase (organic-aqueous) system.

Pseudomonas putida T-57 was isolated from an activated sludge sample after enrichment on mineral salts basal medium with toluene as a sole source of carbon. P. putida T-57 utilizes n-butanol, toluene, styrene, m-xylene, ethylbenzene, n-hexane, and propylbenzene as growth substrates.

Increase in the rate of L-pipecolic acid production using lat-expressing Escherichia coli by lysP and yeiE amplification.

Biotransformation of L-lysine (L-Lys) to L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) using lat-expressing Escherichia coli has been reported (Fujii et al., Biosci. Biotechnol.

Biotransformation of L-lysine to L-pipecolic acid catalyzed by L-lysine 6-aminotransferase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase.

The enzyme involved in the reduction of delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate (P6C) to L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) has never been identified. We found that Escherichia coli JM109 transformed with the lat gene encoding L-lysine 6-aminotransferase (LAT) converted L-lysine (L-Lys) to L-PA. This suggested that there is a gene encoding "P6C reductase" that catalyzes the reduction of P6C to L-PA in the genome of E.