Anti-microbial resistance of Salmonella isolates from raw meat-based dog food in Japan.

Background: Salmonella contamination of raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) for pets poses a major public health concern but has not been investigated in Japan.

Objective: To investigate Salmonella contamination in RMBDs for dogs marketed in Japan and the anti-microbial resistance profiles of the Salmonella isolates.

Methods: Sixty commercial RMBD samples were collected in the Okayama and Osaka Prefectures, Japan, between December 2016 and March 2017.

Comparative analysis of canine mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells.

Background And Aim: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have multi-lineage differentiation potentials, are a promising source for regenerative medicine. However, the focus of study of MSCs is shifting from the characterization of the differentiation potential to their secretion potential for cell transplantation. Tissue regeneration and the attenuation of immune responses are thought to be affected by the secretion of multiple growth factors and cytokines by MSCs.

Lymphokine-activated killer cell transplantation after anti-cancer treatment in two aged cats.

Immunotherapy improves both survival and remission rates after cancer surgery in humans, but its veterinary use has been limited. We determined the safety and feasibility of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell transplantation in two aged cats that had undergone surgery for malignancy. Case 1 involved an 18-year-old male Japanese domestic cat.

Sirtuin 1 suppresses nuclear factor κB induced transactivation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in cat fibroblast cells.

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a key factor in the development of chronic inflammation and is deeply involved in age-related and metabolic diseases development. These diseases have become a serious problem in cats. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is associated with aging and metabolism through maintaining inflammation via NF-κB.

Short communication: molecular characterization of dog and cat p65 subunits of NF-kappaB.

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) plays an important role in the immune system. The p65 subunit is an important part of NF-κB unit, and studies of dog and cat p65 subunits of NF-κB (dp65 and cp65) are important in understanding their immune function. In this study, we described the molecular characterization of dp65 and cp65.

Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplant and surgical decompression in a dog with chronic spinal cord injury.

Objectives: In dogs with deep analgesia caused by acute spinal cord injury from thoracolumbar disk herniation, autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplant may improve recovery. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplant in a dog that had paraplegia and deep analgesia caused by chronic spinal cord injury.

Materials And Methods: Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplant was performed in a dog having paraplegia and analgesia for 3 years that was caused by a chronic spinal cord injury secondary to Hansen type I thoracolumbar disk herniation.

Change in mRNA expression of sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 3 in cats fed on high fat diet.

Background: Mammalian sirtuins are homologs to the yeast silent information regulator 2 (Sir2), which is an NAD-dependent deacetylase. Sirtuins are comprised of 7 proteins, and each has different target proteins. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays important roles in maintaining metabolic functions and immune responses, and SIRT3 protects cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death.

Mechanism of insulin production in canine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Insulin is a critical hormone in the regulation of blood glucose levels and is produced exclusively by pancreatic islet beta-cells. Insulin deficiency due to reduced pancreatic islet beta-cell number underlies the progression of diabetes mellitus, prompting efforts to develop beta-cell replacement therapies. However, precise information on beta-cell replacement and differentiation in canines is limited.

Comparison of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are potential cellular sources of therapeutic stem cells. MSCs are a multipotent population of cells capable of differentiating into a number of mesodermal lineages. Treatment using MSCs appears to be a helpful approach for structural restoration in regenerative medicine.

cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of cat and dog .

The cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 () gene encodes methylthiotransferase, and the gene contains risk variants for type 2 diabetes in humans. In this study, we performed complementary DNA cloning for in the cat and dog and characterized the tissue expression profiles of its messenger RNA. Cat and dog complementary DNA encoded 576 and 578 amino acids, showing very high sequence homology to mammalian (>88.

cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of canine pancreatic and duodenum homeobox 1 (Pdx-1).

Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx-1) is a critical insulin transcription factor expressed by pancreatic β-cells, and is crucial in the early stage of pancreas development. Unfortunately, nothing concerning Pdx-1 in canine has been elucidated yet. In this study, full length canine Pdx-1 cDNA was cloned and it was 1498 bp in length, consisting of a 99 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 849 bp coding region, and a 550 bp 3'-UTR region.

Lipogenic gene expression in abdominal adipose and liver tissues of diet-induced overweight cats.

The effect of overweight status on the expression of SREBP-1c and downstream lipogenic genes, such as ATP citrate lyase (ACL) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), in abdominal adipose and liver tissues was determined in cats using a diet-induced weight gain model. ACL and SREBP-1c mRNA expression was significantly reduced (∼65% and 20%, respectively) in liver tissue, whereas FAS and SREBP-1c expression was significantly increased (∼80% and 45%, respectively) in abdominal omental adipose tissue of overweight animals as compared to healthy animals. Additionally, ACL, FAS, and SREBP-1c expression was significantly reduced by ∼50%, 75%, and 70%, respectively, in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of overweight animals.