Supreme-black levels enabled by touchproof microcavity surface texture on anti-backscatter matrix.

Emerging immersive high-dynamic range display technologies require not only high peak luminance but also true black levels with hemispherical reflectance below 0.001 (0.1%) to accommodate the wide dynamic range of the human eye (~10).

Spectral Mismatch Effect of Ultraviolet Radiometers in Actual UV-C Measurement.

The management of radiant exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially in the wavelength range from 100 nm to 280 nm (i.e. UV-C), is important for virus inactivation or photobiological safety.

Experimental validation of nonlinearity suppression for an inverse-layer-type silicon photodiode and its prediction based on theoretical modeling.

The spectral nonlinearity of an inverse-layer-type silicon (Si) photodiode (PD) in the visible region was investigated. As expected by theoretical calculation, supralinearity and saturation of the Si PD, which are key factors of nonlinearity, were suppressed by applying a reverse voltage above 30 V. Experimentally observed nonlinear behavior depending on the reverse bias was compared to a theoretical model describing supralinearity, including the inner parameters of the Si PD, and these comparison results were in agreement.

Absolute asymmetric photoreactions of aliphatic amino acids by circularly polarized synchrotron radiation: critically pH-dependent photobehavior.

The absolute asymmetric photoreaction (AAP) of racemic aliphatic amino acids, such as alanine (Ala) and leucine (Leu), by left- and right-handed circularly polarized light (l- and r-CPL) irradiation was investigated in aqueous solutions at various pHs, by using the Onuki-type polarizing undulator installed in an electron storage ring. The magnitude of the optical purity (op) generated and the enantiomer-enriching mechanism operative in the AAP were found to be entirely dependent on the ionic state (and thus pH) of the amino/carboxylic acid moieties. At pH 1, the op of Ala and Leu determined by circular dichroism (CD) spectral measurement gradually developed with CPL irradiation, according to Kagan's equation.