Impact of geniohyoid and masseter muscle masses on dysphagia after salvage surgery and radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.

This study aimed to determine whether geniohyoid and/or masseter muscle mass can predict the severity of dysphagia after salvage surgery for head and neck cancer. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 45 male patients with head and neck cancer (median age, 68 years) who underwent salvage surgery. The preoperative geniohyoid and masseter muscle masses were evaluated using computed tomography and the severity of dysphagia was evaluated by Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and Oropharyngeal swallow efficiency (OPSE).

Impact of malnutrition on post-stroke cognitive impairment in convalescent rehabilitation ward inpatients.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between malnutrition risk on admission and improvement in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 90 patients with PSCI with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤ 23, who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital between July 2013 and December 2015. We assessed the malnutrition risk using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and cognitive improvement using the Functional Independence Measure cognitive subscale (cognitive FIM) gain.

The effects of promoting oral intake using the Kuchi-kara Taberu index, a comprehensive feeding assistant tool, in older pneumonia patients: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: The multidisciplinary comprehensive care (MDCC) program promotes the improvement of oral intake for older patients. The Kuchi-kara Taberu (ingesting orally in Japanese, KT) index was developed to objectively assess patient conditions in the MDCC program. This trial examined the effects of the index in promoting oral intake in older patients with pneumonia.

Body mass index and recovery of activities of daily living in older patients with femoral fracture: An analysis of a national inpatient database in Japan.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on recovery of activities of daily living (ADL) in older Asian patients with femoral fracture registered in a nationwide inpatient database in Japan.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of patients aged ≥65 years with acute femoral fracture between April 2014 and November 2017 in the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. Patients were classified into the following categories based on BMI (kg/m): underweight (<18.

Association between Food Store Availability and the Incidence of Functional Disability among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Cohort Study.

This study sought to clarify the association between food store availability and the incidence of disability in older adults. This study utilized a population-based cohort study of independent Japanese adults aged ≥65 years, which was a 6 year follow-up of participants in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. A total of 31,273 respondents were extracted.

Impact of Nutrition Therapy and Rehabilitation on Acute and Critical Illness: A Systematic Review.

There have been no reviews describing the efficacy of the combination of both rehabilitation and nutritional treatments. This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of nutritional therapy on patients with an acute and critical illness undergoing rehabilitation. Online searches using PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE (ELSEVIER), and Ichu-shi Web databases identified 986 articles, and 16 additional articles were found through other sources.

Home-based Combined Therapy with Rehabilitation and Aggressive Nutrition Management for a Parkinson's Disease Patient with Sarcopenic Dysphagia: A Case Report.

Background: Sarcopenic dysphagia is caused by decreased muscle mass and muscle weakness in the swallowing muscles that occurs because of sarcopenia. The key to treating sarcopenic dysphagia is combined therapy with rehabilitation and aggressive nutrition management. However, to our knowledge, no studies based in a home medical care setting have yet been published.

Cognitive impairment has no impact on hospital-associated dysphagia in aspiration pneumonia patients.

Aim: Hospital-associated dysphagia, characterized by deconditioning of swallowing as a result of hospitalization, is sometimes observed in patients with aspiration pneumonia (AP). Cognitive impairment is known as a negative factor in dysphagia rehabilitation. The present study aimed to examine the association between cognitive impairment and hospital-associated dysphagia in patients with AP receiving dysphagia rehabilitation.

Feeding Support Team for Frail, Disabled, or Elderly People during the Early Phase of a Disaster.

Japan was struck by two catastrophic disasters on March 11, 2011 and on April 16, 2016. The former was the Great East Japan Earthquake (M9.0) and the latter was the Kumamoto Earthquake (M7.

Rehabilitation and nutritional support for sarcopenic dysphagia and tongue atrophy after glossectomy: A case report.

Swallowing dysfunction is related to long-term weight loss and reduced body mass index in patients with head and neck cancer. We describe a 76-y-old woman who had severe sarcopenic dysphagia and atrophy of the reconstructed tongue for 17 mo after subtotal glossectomy due to tongue cancer and lost 14 kg during that period. Upon admission, the patient received diagnoses of malnutrition in the context of social or environmental circumstances with insufficient energy intake, loss of muscle mass, localized fluid accumulation, weight loss, and sarcopenia due to reduced skeletal muscle mass (skeletal muscle index <3.

Sarcopenia Is Highly Prevalent in Older Medical Patients With Mobility Limitation: Comparisons According to Ambulatory Status.

Background: The association of sarcopenia with disability with ambulatory status is uncertain because most studies have targeted people who could walk independently. This study explored the prevalence of sarcopenia regardless of ambulatory status and the impact of ambulatory status on sarcopenia.

Materials And Methods: In total, 778 consecutive patients, aged ≥65 years and admitted to a hospital, were enrolled.

Reliability and Validity of a Simplified Comprehensive Assessment Tool for Feeding Support: Kuchi-Kara Taberu Index.

Objectives: To verify the reliability and validity and develop an English version of an instrument (Kuchi-Kara Taberu Index (KT Index)) to comprehensively assess and intervene in problems with eating and swallowing.

Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study.

Setting: Nursing homes.

Sarcopenia Is Highly Prevalent in Older Medical Patients With Mobility Limitation.

Background: The association of sarcopenia with disability with ambulatory status is uncertain because most studies have targeted people who could walk independently. This study explored the prevalence of sarcopenia regardless of ambulatory status and the impact of ambulatory status on sarcopenia.

Materials And Methods: In total, 778 consecutive patients, aged ≥65 years and admitted to a hospital, were enrolled.

Multidisciplinary Comprehensive Care for Early Recommencement of Oral Intake in Older Adults With Severe Pneumonia.

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