Impact of Green Tea Catechin Ingestion on the Pharmacokinetics of Lisinopril in Healthy Volunteers.

Lisinopril, a highly hydrophilic long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is frequently prescribed for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Green tea consumption may reduce the risk of cardiovascular outcomes and total mortality, whereas green tea or its catechin components has been reported to decrease plasma concentrations of a hydrophilic β blocker, nadolol, in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the lisinopril pharmacokinetics.

Effects of single green tea ingestion on pharmacokinetics of nadolol in healthy volunteers.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single green tea (GT), administered concomitantly or 1 hour before nadolol intake on nadolol pharmacokinetics.

Methods: In a randomized 3-phase crossover study, 11 healthy volunteers received an oral administration of nadolol with, or 1 hour after preingestion of brewed GT, or with water in a volume of 150 mL.

Results: Geometric mean ratio with 90% confidence interval for nadolol AUC was 0.

Role of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate in the pharmacokinetic interaction between nadolol and green tea in healthy volunteers.

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to investigate a possible role of a single dose of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major catechin in green tea, for the pharmacokinetic interaction between green tea and nadolol in humans.

Methods: In a randomized three-phase crossover study, 13 healthy volunteers received single doses of 30 mg nadolol orally with water (control), or an aqueous solution of EGCG-concentrated green tea extract (GTE) at low or high dose. Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of nadolol were determined up to 48 h.

Effect of oral L-arginine administration on exhaled nitric oxide (NO) concentration in healthy volunteers.

We previously reported a case of pulmonary hypertension, where the symptoms were improved by oral L-arginine (arginine) administration. Arginine may increase nitric oxide (NO) production in the pulmonary artery. Exhaled NO may reflect pulmonary artery NO production.

Effects of itraconazole, dexamethasone and naringin on the pharmacokinetics of nadolol in rats.

The aim of the present study was to clarify the involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or organic anion transporting polypeptide (Oatp) 1a5 in the pharmacokinetics of nadolol (NDL), a non-metabolized hydrophilic β-adrenoceptor blocker, in rats. Pretreatment with itraconazole (ICZ, P-gp inhibitor, 50 mg/kg) for 30 min before oral administration of NDL (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC₀₋∞)of NDL by 1.7-fold compared with control.

Effects of oral supplementation of L-arginine in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary embolism: a case report.

We tried L-arginine for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary embolism. The plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level inversely correlated with the plasma concentration of L-arginine. After oral supplementation of L-arginine, patient's symptoms (shortness of breath and general malaise), state of congestive heart failure, and exercise capacity all improved.

Roles of the ether oxygen in hydration of tetrahydrofuran studied by IR, NMR, and DFT calculation methods.

We studied the concentration dependence of nu(C-H)'s in IR and (1)J(C,H) in NMR for binary water-tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixtures and found different trends for the two types of CH(2) groups in the five-membered ring. The changes of the nu(C-O) spectra showed that complexes of THF associated with water are formed, in which the number of water molecules increases with the water concentration. We suggested that hydration proceeds through the formation of 1:1, and 1:2 complexes of [THF:water] up to X(H(2)O) approximately 0.

[Joubert syndrome diagnosed based on sleep-disordered breathing in a 25-year-old man--case report].

A 25-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of repetitive cessation of breathing during sleep. He had a history of longstanding ataxia, motor delay, and mental retardation and had been diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Neurological examination revealed ataxia, general hypotonia and wide-based, shuffling gait.

Synthesis, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry of tetra-tert-butylated tetraazaporphyrins, phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines, and anthracocyanines, together with molecular orbital calculations.

Tetraazaporphyrins (TAPs), phthalocyanines (Pcs), naphthalocyanines (Ncs), and anthracocyanines (Acs) with four tert-butyl groups attached at similar positions have been synthesized, and their electronic absorption, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), IR, and voltammetric properties were studied and interpreted with the help of quantum-mechanical calculations. Through the preparation of a series of compounds with the same number of the same substituent, the effects of the increase in the size of the ring system were clearly derived. The main results may be summarized as follows.

Abundant and constant expression of uncoupling protein 2 in the liver of red sea bream Pagrus major.

Four overlapping cDNA fragments encoding a partial sequence for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) were amplified by PCR using degenerate primers from the liver of a marine teleost fish, red sea bream (Pagrus major). The partial sequence was 674 bp long, encoding 224 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence from the cDNA partial sequence contained the signature motifs for mitochondrial transporter protein and revealed positional identity higher than 72.

Effect of peripheral substitution on the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of metal-free and zinc phthalocyanines.

The effect of substituents on the position and intensity of the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of phthalocyanines (Pcs) was examined for 35 Pc compounds. When electron-releasing groups are bound to four alpha-benzo positions of the Pc skeleton, the B and Q bands shift to longer wavelength. Relative to this shift, the effect of introducing the same electron-releasing groups at the other four alpha positions amounts to about 1.

Effect of dietary fatty acids on lipoprotein lipase gene expression in the liver and visceral adipose tissue of fed and starved red sea bream Pagrus major.

Juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major were fed either a commercial diet (diet 1) or diets supplemented with 10% oleate (diet 2), 5% oleate+5% linoleate (diet 3) or 5% oleate+5% n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid mixture (diet 4) for 4 weeks. Following the conditioning period, the effects of dietary fatty acids on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene expression in the liver and visceral adipose tissue of fed (5 h post-feeding) and starved (48 h post-feeding) fish were investigated by competitive polymerase chain reaction. Fish liver showed substantial LPL mRNA expression that is not found in adult rat liver.

Organization of the lipoprotein lipase gene of red sea bream Pagrus major.

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme of lipid deposition and metabolism. To investigate the mechanism of lipid deposition in fish, as a first step, we have characterized the LPL gene of a marine teleost red sea bream Pagrus major by cDNA and genomic structure analysis. The red sea bream LPL gene encodes 511 amino acids and spans approximately 6.

The effects of feeding condition and dietary lipid level on lipoprotein lipase gene expression in liver and visceral adipose tissue of red sea bream Pagrus major.

The effects of feeding condition and dietary lipid level on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene expression in the liver and visceral adipose tissue of red sea bream Pagrus major were investigated by competitive polymerase chain reaction. Not only visceral adipose tissue but also liver of red sea bream showed substantial LPL gene expression. In the liver, starvation (at 48 h post-feeding) drastically stimulated LPL gene expression in the fish-fed low lipid diet, but had no effect in the fish fed high lipid diet.