Assessment of Ketamine's Influence on In Vitro Angiogenesis.

Objective: Angiogenesis is associated with angiogenic therapy and wound healing processes. It is important for anesthesiologists to understand the effects of perioperative and long-term use of anesthetics on angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the effects of ketamine on in vitro angiogenesis: the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and normal human diploid fibroblasts (NHDF), HUVEC migration, and in vitro capillary tube formation in cocultured HUVEC and NHDF.

Total Intravenous Anesthesia Using Remimazolam and Continuous Cardiac Output Monitoring for Dental Anesthesia in a Patient With Takayasu's Arteritis: A Case Report.

Takayasu's arteritis is a persistent chronic progressive inflammation of the large- and medium-caliber arteries. Controlling cardiovascular variability during anesthesia and overcoming difficulties of cardiovascular monitoring due to the impaired vessels are important in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine with mild effects on hemodynamics.

Management of a Patient With Tracheal Stenosis After Previous Tracheotomy.

Tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy can cause difficult airway management and respiratory complications. It is difficult to predict tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy based on a patient's symptoms as the symptoms of tracheal stenosis appear only after they become severe. In patients with a history of previous tracheotomy, it is important to consider the risk factors for tracheal stenosis.

A Retrospective Case Series of Anesthetic Patients With Epiglottic Cysts.

Previously undiagnosed or asymptomatic epiglottic cysts may be coincidentally detected during intubation. This retrospective case series identified undiagnosed epiglottic cysts that were discovered during intubation in 4 patients who underwent oral surgery under general anesthesia at our hospital during a 6-year period. Including 2 additional cases, 1 previously diagnosed and 1 detected during preoperative imaging, epiglottic cysts were observed in 6 of 1112 cases (0.

Clinically relevant concentration of propofol and benzodiazepines did not affect in vitro angiogenesis.

Purpose: Angiogenesis, one of regenerative medicine, is essential in the process of wound healing. The detailed effects of intravenous anesthetics and sedatives used during perioperative period have not yet been clarified. We investigated the effects of benzodiazepines and propofol on in vitro capillary tube formation.

Cytoskeleton-disrupting agent cytochalasin B reduces oxidative stress caused by high glucose in the human arterial smooth muscle.

The role of cytoskeleton dynamics in the oxidative stress toward human vasculature has been unclear. The current study examined whether the cytoskeleton-disrupting agent cytochalasin B reduces oxidative stress caused by high glucose in the human arterial smooth muscle. All experiments in the human omental arteries without endothelium or the cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells were performed in d-glucose (5.

Electrons released from both flavins of NADPH-P450 reductase contribute to the reductive mobilization of iron from ferritin.

Ferritin, an iron storage protein, plays an important role in iron homeostasis. The mechanism of reductive mobilization of iron from ferritin has not been clarified yet despite many studies. The aim of this study was to assess the mechanisms of the mobilization of iron from ferritin by NADPH P-450 reductase.

Accuracy and reliability of continuous blood glucose monitoring during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass.

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of a continuous blood glucose monitoring system (artificial endocrine pancreas; STG-55, Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan) during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Twenty-five pediatric patients scheduled to undergo cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (age 4 months to 11 years; body weight 5.6-59.

Successful treatment of mixed (mainly cancer) pain by tramadol preparations.

The patient, a 70-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed with parotid gland cancer, underwent wide excision and reconstruction (facial nerve ablation, nerve transposition). At 1 month after the surgery, she was brought to our hospital's pain medicine department because her postoperative pain and cancer-related pain were poorly controlled. She had already been prescribed a tramadol (37.

Tissue oxygenation index reflects changes in forearm blood flow after brief ischemia.

Whether the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology correctly detects the changes in oxygenation related to ischemia and reperfusion of organs and tissues other than brain remains unclear. The present study examined how different tissue oxygenation parameters derived from NIRS reflect the changes in the forearm blood flow (FBF) according to the brief ischemia and the subsequent reperfusion, and whether values of these parameters move in parallel with the medial and lateral sides of FBF. Thirteen volunteers underwent the prospective observational study.

Strict blood glucose control by an artificial endocrine pancreas during hepatectomy may prevent postoperative acute kidney injury.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of a closed-loop system (STG-55; Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan), a type of artificial endocrine pancreas for the continuous monitoring and control of intraoperative blood glucose, for preventing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Thirty-eight patients were enrolled in this study. Glucose concentrations were controlled with either a manual injection of insulin based on a commonly used sliding scale (manual insulin group, n = 19) or the programmed infusion of insulin determined by the control algorithm of the artificial endocrine pancreas (programmed insulin group, n = 19).

C-terminal region of GADD34 regulates eIF2α dephosphorylation and cell proliferation in CHO-K1 cells.

GADD34 is a member of a growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD)-inducible gene family. Here, we established a novel Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1-derived cell line, CHO-K1-G34M, which carries a nonsense mutation (termed the Q525X mutation) in the GADD34 gene. The Q525X mutant protein lacks the C-terminal 66 amino acids required for GADD34 to bind to and activate protein phosphatase 1 (PP1).

Impact of newly developed, next-generation artificial endocrine pancreas.

Background: Recent studies have shown that strict perioperative blood glucose management may reduce mortality and morbidity in critically ill adult patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and efficacy of the intraoperative application of a newly developed, next-generation artificial endocrine pancreas (STG-55, Nikkiso Co., Ltd.

Usefulness of artificial endocrine pancreas during resection of insulinoma.

A 71-year-old woman had an episode of syncope due to hypoglycemia of 27 mg/dl. She was diagnosed with insulinoma and scheduled for laparoscopic enucleation along with the use of an artificial endocrine pancreas (STG-22, Nikkiso Co., Ltd.

Propofol-induced relaxation of rat aorta is altered by aging.

Background: Propofol causes vasodilation via endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Because endothelial function is impaired with aging, the effects of propofol on endothelium-dependent vasodilation might be altered by aging. The aim of this study was thus to determine the effects of aging on vascular responses to propofol.

Cuffed oropharyngeal airway for difficult airway management.

Difficulties with airway management are often caused by anatomic abnormalities due to previous oral surgery. We performed general anesthesia for a patient who had undergone several operations such as hemisection of the mandible and reconstructive surgery with a deltopectoralis flap, resulting in severe maxillofacial deformation. This made it impossible to ventilate with a face mask and to intubate in the normal way.

Geranylgeranylacetone and volatile anesthetic-induced cardiac protection synergism is dependent on caveolae and caveolin-3.

Purpose: Pharmacological preconditioning, including that with geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) and volatile anesthetics, has been shown to confer cardiac protection from ischemia/reperfusion injury although the mechanisms for this protection are poorly understood. Caveolins, integral membrane proteins that act as scaffolding proteins in caveolar membranes, localize molecules involved in cardiac protection. We have tested the hypothesis that caveolin-3 (Cav-3), the predominant isoform in cardiac myocytes, is essential for the synergistic effect observed between GGA and volatile anesthetics.

Anesthetic cardioprotection in relation to mitochondria: basic science.

Anesthetic pre- and postconditioning pharmacologically reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mitochondria play a central role in these myocardial protective salvage effects. In the preconditioning, low levels of reactive oxygen species, which are produced by anesthetics in the mitochondria, act as a trigger to prevent cardiomyocytes death and modify intracellular signaling mechanisms.

Usefulness of central venous oxygen saturation monitoring during bidirectional Glenn shunt.

A PediaSat™ oximetry catheter (PediaSat: Edwards Lifesciences Co., Ltd., Irvine, CA, U.

Usefulness of continuous blood glucose monitoring and control for patients undergoing liver transplantation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the closed-loop system (STG-22; Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan), a type of artificial endocrine pancreas for the continuous monitoring and control of intraoperative blood glucose in patients undergoing liver transplantation.

Methods: Sixteen patients undergoing living-donor liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. Glucose levels were controlled with either a manual injection of insulin based on a commonly used sliding scale (manual insulin group, n=8) or a programmed infusion of insulin determined by the control algorithm of the artificial endocrine pancreas (programmed insulin group, n=8).

Novel blood sampling method of an artificial endocrine pancreas via the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit.

We tried to perform continuous blood glucose monitoring during cardiovascular surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass using an artificial endocrine pancreas (STG-22 or -55; Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan); however, we often encountered problems during these procedures because insufficient blood was obtained for monitoring. Thus, we started performing the blood sampling via the venous side of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. As a result, continuous blood glucose monitoring using an artificial endocrine pancreas was proven to be stable and reliable during cardiovascular surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass.

Recent less-invasive circulatory monitoring during renal transplantation.

For anesthetic management during renal transplantation, it is necessary to maintain the blood flow and function of the transplanted kidney by performing massive fluid management and stabilizing blood pressure. We report anesthetic management for renal transplantation with a less-invasive circulatory monitoring system (Edwards Life Sciences Co., Ltd.

Local anesthetics inhibit nitric oxide production and L-arginine uptake in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.

Previous studies have shown that local anesthetics have various effects on nitric oxide (NO) production, but the mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of local anesthetics on NO production and 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid (l-arginine) uptake in one cell line. Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were stimulated with bradykinin and/or acetylcholine to activate endothelial NO synthase (NOS).