Anesthesia practice for Cesarean delivery in Japan: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: General anesthesia for Cesarean delivery affects maternal and neonatal outcomes. We aimed to evaluate temporal trends in anesthesia management for Cesarean deliveries over 16 years and analyze interinstitutional variations in general anesthesia use in Japan.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we obtained patient data from the nationwide health insurance claims database containing data for ten million individuals.

Trend in neuraxial morphine use and postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery in Japan from 2005 to 2020.

The increasing rate of cesarean deliveries warrants obstetric anesthesiologists to deliver high-quality post-cesarean delivery analgesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal trends in the use of neuraxial morphine for cesarean deliveries and to describe the current postoperative analgesia practices. A retrospective cohort study using nationwide health insurance claims databases was conducted from 2005 to 2020 in Japan.

Current Epidemiology of the General Anesthesia Practice for Cesarean Delivery Using a Nationwide Claims Database in Japan: A Descriptive Study.

The current status of general anesthesia practice for cesarean delivery in Japan remains unknown. Therefore, using a nationwide claims database, we aimed to investigate general anesthesia use for cesarean delivery over a period of 15 years, and to analyze the general anesthesia practice in Japan. Patients who claimed the Japanese general anesthesia claim code (L008) for cesarean delivery between 1 January 2005, and 31 March 2020, were analyzed.

Significance of prevention and early treatment of a postoperative twisted neck: atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation after head and neck surgery.

Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS) is an infrequent condition that occurs most commonly in children for unknown reasons. Pediatric surgery, otopharyngeal inflammation, general anesthesia, and extreme rotation of the head are risk factors for development of postsurgical AARS, but AARS can often occur unnoticed, and the syndrome is not well known. We encountered three cases of postoperative AARS that occurred within 7 months; therefore, we have developed guidelines for prevention and early treatment of postoperative AARS.

Possible involvement of protein kinase C activation in differentiation of human umbilical vein endothelium-derived cell into smooth muscle-like cell.

We previously reported that when deprived of fibroblast growth factor, human umbilical vein endothelium-derived cells (HUVE-DCs) are capable of differentiating into smooth muscle-like cells through activin A-induced, Smad-dependent signaling, and that maintenance of the endothelial-cell phenotype and differentiation into smooth muscle-like cells are reciprocally controlled by fibroblast growth factor-1 and activin A (Ishisaki et al., 2003). Here, we examined how protein kinase C (PKC), which plays pivotal roles in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation in numerous cell types, might affect the above differentiation.

Expressions of inhibitory Smads, Smad6 and Smad7, are differentially regulated by TPA in human lung fibroblast cells.

Smad6 and Smad7 are inhibitory Smads (I-Smads) with differential inhibitory effects on the regulation of the cellular signalings induced by TGF-beta superfamily. Here, we show that phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulates Smad6 mRNA expression and up-regulates Smad7 mRNA expression in IMR-90, a human lung fibroblast cell line. These regulations of I-Smads by TPA were suppressed by one PKC inhibitor (Gö6983), but not by another (Gö6976).