Characterization of Novel Insulin Fibrils That Show Strong Cytotoxicity Under Physiological pH.

Amyloid fibrils are β-sheet-rich protein aggregates that are associated with more than 20 diseases. Insulin is known to form amyloid fibrils under a variety of conditions in vitro. Insulin fibrillations have been generally performed under acidic conditions, which are conducive to the formation of fibrils.