Combined Fundal and Segmental Adenomyomatosis of the Gallbladder in a Child: A Rare Case Report.

Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder (AMG) is characterized by mucosal hyperplasia leading to invagination through the thickened muscle layer, which is relatively common in adults, but is rare in childhood. We report a 12-year-old boy with adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder combined segmental and fundal type. This combined type is rare in adults and is first reported here in childhood.

BRAIN HYPOTHERMIA THERAPY FOR NEONATAL HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY WITH A SEVERELY ELEVATED SERUM CREATINE KINASE LEVEL.

Several studies have shown that brain hypothermia therapy (BHT) after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) can improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, there have been no reports of the neurodevelopmental outcomes for the infant with a serum creatine kinase (CK) level above 20,000 IU/L in association with neonatal HIE. We report a female infant with a very high serum CK level (26,428 IU/L) associated with neonatal asphyxia.

Neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with periventricular leukomalacia.

Objectives: To examine the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five children diagnosed with grade 1, 2 or 3 PVL on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between January 2002 and December 2011 were enrolled and followed from 15 months to 10 years of age.

Results: Of the 25 children, one was a term and 24 were preterm-births.

Declining hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in pregnant women: impact of anti-HCV screening of donated blood.

Background: Screening blood donors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody has effectively mitigated transfusion transmission of HCV. We conducted a post hoc analysis to clarify the impact of donor screening on a general population of reproductive-age females and their offspring.

Study Design And Methods: Anti-HCV screening in Japan started in late-1989.

Evolution in the hypervariable region of the hepatitis C virus in two infants infected by mother-to-infant transmission.

Background: There is little data on the evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) quasispecies in infants infected by mother-to-infant transmission during long-term follow up. The hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of the HCV genome was investigated in two mother-infant pairs from birth to 7.6 and 10.

Low frequency of observed anti-HLA among transfused preterm infants.

Background: Although low-birth-weight infants (LBWI) often receive multiple transfusions, there is controversial information on their development of antibodies against WBCs or platelets.

Study Design And Methods: A total of 52 LBWI with birth weights less than 1500 g were randomly assigned to receive either RBCs that had been WBC- reduced (n = 25) or nonfiltered blood (n = 27). Serum samples collected from 37 infants at 3 months of age and from 30 children when they were 5 to 11 years old were tested.

Residual WBC subsets in filtered prestorage RBCs.

Background: New-generation RBC filters reduce WBC concentrations by 4 to 5 logs and may prevent or decrease transfusion complications such as HLA alloimmunization, nonhemolytic febrile reaction, and transfusion-transmitted infections. The residual level of WBC subsets may influence efficacy of WBC reduction for preventing various complications. This study analyzed subsets of residual WBCs in WBC-reduced RBC components prepared for a large, multicenter prospective study.