[Evaluation of the relationship between household economic situation and food group intake in children attending nursery school].

Objectives　The relationship between household income and dietary intake among older children and adults in Japan has been studied. However, few studies have examined the relationship in younger children, and we believe that this should be taken into consideration from early childhood to correct health disparities. In this study, we examined the relationship between family income and dietary food group intake, and investigated the adequacy of food intake based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top for young children aged 3 to 6 years attending nursery school.

GFS9 Affects Piecemeal Autophagy of Plastids in Young Seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Chloroplasts, and plastids in general, contain abundant protein pools that can be major sources of carbon and nitrogen for recycling. We have previously shown that chloroplasts are partially and sequentially degraded by piecemeal autophagy via the Rubisco-containing body. This degradation occurs during plant development and in response to the environment; however, little is known about the fundamental underlying mechanisms.

Nutrient adequacy of Japanese schoolchildren on days with and without a school lunch by household income.

Background: Evidence for whether the nutrient intakes of Japanese schoolchildren differ according to household income is sparse.

Objective: We investigated the role of school lunches for nutrient adequacy among Japanese primary school children using dietary reference intakes in a cross-sectional survey.

Design: Participants were 10- to 11-year-old (5th grade) children from 19 public primary schools in four prefectures of East Japan, and 836 children were analyzed.

Association between parents' work hours and nutrient inadequacy in Japanese schoolchildren on weekdays and weekends.

Objectives: Evidence is sparse concerning whether the nutrient intake in schoolchildren differs according to parents' work hours. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' work hours and nutrient inadequacy among Japanese primary schoolchildren using dietary reference intakes on days with and without a school lunch.

Methods: Participants included 10- to 11-y-old children in grade 5 from 19 public primary schools in four prefectures of east Japan.

Relationship between rice consumption and body weight gain in Japanese workers: white versus brown rice/multigrain rice.

Increasing obesity rates have driven research into dietary support for body weight control, but previous studies have only assessed changes in body weight of ±3 kg. We investigated the relationships between white or brown/multi-grain rice consumption and 1-year body weight gain ≥3 kg in Japanese factory workers ( = 437). Routine medical check-up data from a 1-year nutrition and lifestyle cohort study were analysed.

[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Milk and Dairy Products and "Wasyoku" -"New wasyoku"-.].

"Wasyoku;the traditional diets of Japan" refers to foods generally consumed by Japanese people, which is in contrast with the Western diets introduced by Europeans and Americans. The basic Japanese dietary pattern consists of rice as a staple food combined with one soup and two side dishes in a meal, making it easier to achieve a balanced nutritional status. However, salt content tends to be high in "Wasyoku", which negatively affects the overall health of an individual.

[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Nutritional Value of Milk and Dairy Products.].

Milk has been historically recognized as having great nutritional value;its high nutrient density per energy makes it useful for individuals recovering from malnutrition among others. Milk is composed of an excellent ratio of essential amino acids, with an amino acid score of 100, and enhances the protein content when served with a meal. Additionally, not only is milk rich in calcium, but the absorption rate of calcium contained in the meal increases when milk is served with a meal.

Household income is associated with food and nutrient intake in Japanese schoolchildren, especially on days without school lunch.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the association between household income and the intake of foods and nutrients by Japanese schoolchildren, and any differences between days with and without school lunch.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Children, with the support of their parents, kept dietary records with photographs for 4 d (2 d with school lunch and 2 d without).

Fibroblast growth factor-23 and phosphorus related factors in young Japanese women: a cross-sectional study.

Phosphorus homeostasis is determined by dietary intake, intestinal absorption, and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is considered to be a sensitive early biomarker of disordered phosphorus metabolism in both patients with chronic kidney diseases and healthy subjects. However, the number of studies evaluating serum FGF-23 concentrations in healthy subjects is limited.

Associations between Japanese schoolchildren's involvement in at-home meal preparation, their food intakes, and cooking skills.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to examine the association of Japanese schoolchildren's involvement in at-home meal preparation with food intake and cooking skill.

Subjects/methods: We included 1,207 fifth-grade children aged 10-11 years and one parent of each child. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data on involvement in at-home meal preparation.

[Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Fukuoka University Hospital].

Immunosuppressive therapy or chemotherapy-induced hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can cause se- vere hepatitis in inactive HBV carriers or patients with resolved infection. We surveyed patients with measured HBV DNA levels from 2009 to 2014, and analyzed the clinical profile, treatment regimen and the period leading up to HBV reactivation from therapy start date. Between 2009 and 2014, the total number of HBV viral load measurements taken in our hospital increased 2.

Cohort study examining the association between vegetable consumption and weight gain in a single year among Japanese employees at a manufacturing company.

Background And Objectives: Overweight and obesity increase the risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic disorders and are increasing in Japan, particularly among men. Several prospective studies have suggested that high vegetable intake is inversely associated with weight gain. Here, the association between vegetable consumption and weight gain in a group of food manufacturing workers over the course of one year was investigated.

Role of School Meal Service in Nutrition.

School meal service programs are essential for children's long-term nutrition and health promotion. The programs vary in content, depending on the economic condition, health condition and the food supply situation in each country. Children are encouraged to improve their nutrition, and choose healthy foods and learn good dietary habits through school meals and nutrition education.

Association between vitamin D status and serum parathyroid hormone concentration and calcaneal stiffness in Japanese adolescents: sex differences in susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency.

There is currently insufficient information on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, and bone mineral status in healthy adolescents to allow reference values to be set. This study aimed to provide comparable data on vitamin D status in Japanese adolescents and to assess sex differences in susceptibility to vitamin D insufficiency. Serum 25OHD and PTH concentrations were measured in 1,380 healthy adolescents (aged 12-18 years).

Uterine prolapse during late pregnancy in a nulliparous woman.

A pregnancy that is complicated by a uterine prolapse is rare and primarily occurs in multiparous women during their first or second trimester. In the present report, we describe a case of a 31-year-old nulliparous woman who experienced sudden uterine prolapse at 38 weeks' gestation without labor pains. The cervix was congested, the cervical mucosa was partially lacerated, and bleeding was noted; the protruding cervix could not be repositioned into her vagina.

Relationships between birth weight and serum cholesterol levels in healthy Japanese late adolescents.

Poor growth in utero has been suggested to be associated with adverse levels of serum cholesterol concentrations in later life. In Asia, there have only been a limited number of studies examining the relationship between fetal status and serum lipids, especially in adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between birth weight and serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels; adjusting for current physical status including percent body fat, physical activity and nutrient intake in healthy Japanese late adolescents.

Development of cost estimation tools for total occupational safety and health activities and occupational health services: cost estimation from a corporate perspective.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to develop standardized cost estimation tools that provide information to employers about occupational safety and health (OSH) activities for effective and efficient decision making in Japanese companies.

Methods: We interviewed OSH staff members including full-time professional occupational physicians to list all OSH activities. Using activity-based costing, cost data were obtained from retrospective analyses of occupational safety and health costs over a 1-year period in three manufacturing workplaces and were obtained from retrospective analyses of occupational health services costs in four manufacturing workplaces.

A randomized intervention trial of 24-wk dairy consumption on waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar and lipids in Japanese men with metabolic syndrome.

Unlabelled: Dairy foods are postulated to have beneficial effects on blood pressure, body fat, serum lipids, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. To evaluate the effects of the consumption of milk and dairy products, we performed a randomized dietary intervention trial for 24 wk in Japanese men, aged 20 to 60 y, with 2 or more components of the metabolic syndrome (

Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN000006353). Subjects were randomized to a control group (n=98) that received dietary intervention focused on weight control supervised by registered dietitians, and a dairy-consumption group (n=102) that received both dietary intervention and regular home dairy delivery of 400 g/d for 24 wk.

How does fortification affect the distribution of calcium and vitamin B1 intake at the school lunch for fifth-grade children?

The purpose of this study was to estimate the usual intake distribution of calcium and vitamin B(1) of fifth-grade children based on a 3-d dietary survey and to assess nutrient intake using Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs 2010). A cross-sectional study was undertaken from October 2007 to February 2008 in schools located in Tokyo and Okayama, Japan. A total of 94 fifth-grade children attending 5 elementary schools participated in the study.

[Emergency medical care and POCT].

Emergency testing is intended to elucidate the patient's condition; therefore, the ideal emergency testing should be able to be implemented quickly and easily at the patient bedside for 24 hours a day, and the time from test order to result should be as short as possible. In other words, a shorter turn around time (TAT) is better. Needless to say, the most effective way to reduce TAT is to omit all other processes except testing from the test procedure, and bring it as close to the measuring time = TAT as possible.

[The application of fluorescence in situ hybridization to the peripheral-blood preparations].

The hematologic malignancy with specific chromosomal/genetic abnormality is separately classified by the WHO classification of tumors hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. The chromosomal abnormalities, t (9; 22), t (8; 21), t (15; 17) and inv (16) are especially important for the establishment of therapeutic strategy and prognostication. We examined in this study, five cases were analyzed, because abnormal cells were recognized by the differential white blood count of the peripheral-blood and specific chromosomal abnormalities were suspected.

A novel method based on curvature analysis for estimating the dietary vitamin K requirement in adolescents.

Background & Aims: Few studies have investigated the association between vitamin K status and bone health in adolescents. We established a novel method for estimating the vitamin K status in adolescents by curvature analysis using the serum concentrations of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC)-a sensitive biomarker of vitamin K status in the bone. We also compared the vitamin K concentrations required for good bone health and for normal blood coagulation.

The relationship between habitual dietary phosphorus and calcium intake, and bone mineral density in young Japanese women: a cross-sectional study.

Phosphorus and calcium are essential for bone health. There is a concern that a low calcium/phosphorus intake ratio resulting from low calcium intake coupled with high phosphorus intake may have a negative effect on bone mineral status, especially in Western countries. The objective of this study was to examine cross-sectionally the influence of habitual phosphorus and calcium intake and the calcium/phosphorus intake ratio on the bone mineral density (BMD) in 441 young Japanese women (aged 18-22) whose calcium/phosphorus intake ratio was assumed to be lower than young Western women.

Amounts served and consumed of school lunch differed by gender in Japanese elementary schools.

School lunches serve to improve nutritional status and to promote the health of children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the portion sizes of school lunches served and consumed in Japanese elementary schools. In addition, gender difference in servings and consumption were also studied.