Prevalence of viscoelastic relaxation after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake.

After a large subduction earthquake, crustal deformation continues to occur, with a complex pattern of evolution. This postseismic deformation is due primarily to viscoelastic relaxation of stresses induced by the earthquake rupture and continuing slip (afterslip) or relocking of different parts of the fault. When postseismic geodetic observations are used to study Earth's rheology and fault behaviour, it is commonly assumed that short-term (a few years) deformation near the rupture zone is caused mainly by afterslip, and that viscoelasticity is important only for longer-term deformation.

Transnasal transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of left atrial thrombus.

Background: The widespread use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is limited by disadvantages, including patient intolerance and increased medical costs. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of transnasal TEE in the detection of possible embolic sources in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or stroke, using an ultrathin TEE probe.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with AF and/or stroke underwent transnasal TEE without conscious sedation.

P-glycoprotein mediates efflux transport of darunavir in human intestinal Caco-2 and ABCB1 gene-transfected renal LLC-PK1 cell lines.

Darunavir (DRV) is a nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) approved for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. DRV displays potent activity against HIV strains resistant to other available PIs. Coadministration with ritonavir (RTV) improves the oral bioavailability of DRV.

Pocket-sized transthoracic echocardiography device for the measurement of cardiac chamber size and function.

Background: A pocket-sized portable transthoracic echocardiographic (pTTE) imaging device is commercially available, but its feasibility and accuracy in the assessment of cardiac chamber size and function has not been fully compared with the results of standard TTE (sTTE) examination.

Methods And Results: The target population comprised 125 unselected patients who underwent sTTE and pTTE examinations. The left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic dimensions, fractional shortening (FS), the thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) and of the LV posterior wall (PWT), left atrial (LA) dimension, and ascending aorta diameter were measured.

Involvement of up-regulation of hepatic breast cancer resistance protein in decreased plasma concentration of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) by coadministration of S-1 in rats.

The safety and efficacy of combination therapy with 7-ethyl-10-[4-[1-piperidino]-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11, irinotecan) and S-1 composed of tegafur, a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil, gimeracil, and potassium oxonate, have been confirmed in patients with colorectal cancer. Previously, we showed that p.o.

Expression of the DMRT gene and its roles in early gonadal development of the Japanese pufferfish Takifugu rubripes.

DMRT1, a gene containing the Doublesex/Mab-3 DNA-binding motif (DM domain), encodes a transcription factor that regulates early differentiation of Sertoli cells in the testes of vertebrates. Here, we describe the pattern of expression of six DMRT genes (DMRT1, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, and 5) during gonadal development in the Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes, for the first time. Conventional histological analysis showed that a primordial gonad is present 2 weeks after hatching and that sexual differentiation had occurred by 6 weeks after hatching, as determined by the formation of cavities in the ovaries.