Unconventional Polarization Response in Titanite-Type Oxides due to Hashed Antiferroelectric Domains.

Domains in a crystal, which have crystallographic uniformity and are geometrically segmented, typically arise from various phase transitions. The physical properties within individual domains are inherently the same as those in the homogeneous bulk. As a result, sufficiently large domains have little influence on the bulk properties.

Tuning of Polar Domain Boundaries in Nonpolar Perovskite.

Domain boundaries in ferroic materials are found to have various physical properties not observed in the surrounding domains. Such differences can be enhanced and bring promising functionalities when centrosymmetric nonpolar materials encounter polar domain boundaries. In this work, a tunable polar domain boundary is discovered in an antiferroelectric single crystal.

Enhancement of polar nature of domain boundaries in ferroelastic Pb(PO)by doping divalent-metal ions.

The effect of doping metal ions in ferroelastic Pb(PO)(PPO) on the polar nature of domain boundaries (DBs) was investigated using a second harmonic generation (SHG) microscope. It has been already reported that (DBs) of non-doped PPO is SH active and polar. The present study reveals that DBs of Ca-doped and Mg-doped PPO show greatly enhanced SH activity.

Local-scale structures across the morphotropic phase boundary in PbZr Ti O.

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is one of the most widely studied piezoelectric materials, mainly because of its 'mysterious' relationship between the so-called morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) and its strong piezoelectric coupling factor. Using results from a pair distribution function analysis, this paper examines how the complex local structure in PZT affects the long-range average structure across the MPB. A monoclinic M type structure is discovered in PZT.

The not so simple cubic structure of PbZr(1-x)Ti(x)O3 (PZT): complex local structural effects in perovskites.

High-resolution neutron diffraction on the important piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has found that oxygen disorder exists well into the cubic phase. This unexpected result shows that within this phase there persists a remnant of the tilted oxygen octahedra present within the room-temperature ferroelectric phase. The result is that the cubic phase, far from having a simple crystal structure, exhibits a more complex local structure than had hitherto been thought.

Identification of the human IAI.3B promoter element and its use in the construction of a replication-selective adenovirus for ovarian cancer therapy.

Little is known concerning promoters or gene therapy specific for ovarian cancer. To explore the potential use of IAI.3B isolated from ovarian cancer cells in gene therapy for ovarian cancer, we identified the promoter region of the IAI.