Publications by authors named "Hiroki Kato"
The cytosolic nucleic acid sensors RIG-I and cGAS induce type-I interferon (IFN)-mediated immune responses to RNA and DNA viruses, respectively. So far no connection between the two cytosolic pathways upstream of IKK-like kinase activation has been investigated. Here, we identify heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM) as a positive regulator of IRF3 phosphorylation and type-I IFN induction downstream of both cGAS and RIG-I.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough rearrangement of the MYC oncogene (MYC-R) is frequently observed in aggressive B-cell lymphomas, it is extremely rare in T-cell malignancies. A 64-year-old man who had been under observation for several years because of asymptomatic pulmonary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALToma) was admitted to our hospital because of poor general condition and hypotension. Blood tests revealed thrombocytopenia and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, whereas computed tomography revealed systemic lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType I interferonopathies are severe monogenic diseases caused by mutations that result in chronically upregulated production of type I interferon. They present with a broad variety of symptoms, the mechanisms of which are being extensively studied. Mouse models of type I interferonopathies are an important resource for this purpose, and in this context, we review several key molecular and phenotypic findings that are advancing our understanding of the respective diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To distinguish squamous cell carcinoma in inverted papilloma (IP-SCC) from IP, the utility of CT scoring system was investigated.
Methods: We extracted cases histopathologically diagnosed with IP and IP-SCC of the sinonasal cavity from June 2004 to May 2021. Preoperative unenhanced CT images were used to evaluate the presence or absence of bone destruction and erosion: Score 1 = positive for bone destruction and/or erosion; Score 0 = negative for bone destruction and erosion.
: Adipophilin (ADP) is a protein associated with lipid droplets, and its expression is related to poor prognosis in certain cancers. However, its impact on the survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of ADP expression on long-term survival following hepatectomy in patients with CRLM.
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- A study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients who underwent either partial or total cystectomy due to bladder invasion, analyzing both oncological and functional results.
- Out of 107 patients, most underwent partial resection, with significant differences in bladder invasion rates and post-surgery complications between the two groups.
- Results showed that while partial cystectomy had a lower urinary-specific morbidity rate and better bladder function preservation, both procedures had similar long-term cancer recurrence rates.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of MRI findings for differentiating between ovarian metastasis from stomach cancer (OMSC) and colorectal cancer (OMCC).
Methods: Twenty-six patients with histopathologically proven ovarian metastasis (n = 8 with 12 OMSCs and n = 18 with 25 OMCCs) were enrolled in the study. All patients had undergone pelvic MRI before surgery.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared the incidence of incisional hernias in patients who had their surgical specimen removed through two different incisions: Pfannenstiel incision (PI) and midline incision (MI).
- A total of 370 patients were analyzed, and after adjusting for variables using propensity score matching, 71 patients from each group were compared, revealing that the PI method had no hernia cases while the MI method had a 14% incidence.
- The findings suggest that using the PI for specimen extraction is better due to the significantly lower occurrence of incisional hernias and no increase in complication rates.
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of optimized trigger threshold on 40-keV pancreatic phase images acquired with a dual-energy CT (DECT) protocol.
Methods: A cohort of 69 consecutive participants (median age, 72 years) undergoing a pancreatic protocol DECT examination between September to December 2021 were prospectively randomized into two protocols: conventional trigger threshold of 100 HU (Group A, n = 34) and optimized trigger threshold of 30 HU (Group B, n = 35). Pancreatic phase image acquisition was performed with fixed delay of 20 s from the trigger threshold.
Article Synopsis
- * The research involved a multicenter point-prevalence survey of 10,199 patients across 27 hospitals in Aichi Prefecture, revealing a 6.6% rate of HAIs, with pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections being the most common.
- * The study concludes that the findings are crucial for understanding HAIs in Japan and stresses the importance of national-level surveys to monitor healthcare challenges, especially in the context of post-COVID-19 conditions.
Article Synopsis
- A 73-year-old woman presented with swelling in her left cheek, leading to a diagnosis of meningioma with spread along the maxillary nerve.
- Imaging revealed a mass with both intracranial and extracranial components, affecting several areas including the cavernous sinus and nasal cavity.
- A biopsy confirmed the condition as meningothelial meningioma, indicating the tumor's complex involvement of surrounding structures.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the MRI features of the main histological subtypes of thyroid cancer and enable differentiation between anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
Materials And Methods: This study included 79 patients with histopathologically proven thyroid cancer (14 ATCs, 8 PDTCs, and 57 PTCs) who underwent neck MRI. MRI images were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the three pathologies.
Non-excitable cells express sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 gene and protein (known as SCN1A and NaV1.1, respectively); however, the functions of NaV1.1 are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep-learning-based methods can improve robustness against individual variations in computed tomography (CT) images of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which is a challenge when using conventional methods based on probabilistic atlases are used for automatic segmentation. Thus, this study proposes a novel multiclass learning approach for the joint segmentation of the sternocleidomastoid and skeletal muscles in CT images, and it employs a two-dimensional U-Net architecture. The proposed method concurrently learns and segmented segments the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the entire skeletal musculature.
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- The text discusses the limited information on the use of daptomycin for treating persistent bacteremia in pediatric patients, especially those who have undergone solid organ transplantation.
- It presents a case study of an eight-year-old girl whose persistent bacteremia, caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis, was successfully treated with daptomycin after adjusting the dosage due to her renal dysfunction.
- A literature review revealed very few cases of daptomycin use in children with persistent bacteremia, emphasizing the need for more research on its clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics in this special patient group.
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate CT imaging features, pathological findings, and prognosis in patients with thyroid hemiatrophy (THA) associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
Methods: This retrospective study included 225 patients with histopathologically proven PTC treated by surgical resection who underwent preoperative CT scanning. On CT images, THA was defined as thyroid parenchymal hemiatrophy on the ipsilateral side of PTC.
Article Synopsis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) tied to cytomegalovirus infection can be hard to identify in healthy adults because it’s rare and its symptoms are often mild, resembling infectious mononucleosis.
- Patients may primarily report lower abdominal pain, which can distract from finding the underlying cause.
- A thorough examination for symptoms beyond the abdominal area is crucial to making the correct diagnosis.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of single-shot echo planar diffusion-weighted imaging with compressed SENSE (EPICS-DWI) for pancreas assessment by comparing with single-shot echo planar DWI with parallel imaging (PI-DWI).
Methods: This multicenter prospective study included 27 consecutive participants with untreated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (15 men; mean age, 67 ± 10 years) who underwent pancreatic protocol MRI including both PI-DWI and EPICS-DWI. Two radiologists independently and randomly reviewed the high b-value DWI images and qualitatively assigned confidence scores for overall image quality, image noise, pancreas conspicuity, and PDAC conspicuity using a 5-point scale.
Objectives: To clarify whether self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement for obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC) increases perineural invasion (PNI), thereby worsening the prognosis.
Methods: In total, 1022 patients with pathological T3 or T4 colon or rectosigmoid cancer who underwent resection were retrospectively reviewed. The study patients were divided into a no obstruction group (n=693), obstruction without stent group (n=251), and obstruction with stent group (n=78), and factors demonstrating an independent association with PNI, the difference in PNI incidence and severity between groups, and the association between PNI and the duration from SEMS placement to surgery were investigated.
Article Synopsis
- GNAO1 encodes a protein involved in brain development, and its mutations lead to serious neurological issues such as developmental delays and seizures in infants.
- Research shows that reducing Gnao1 levels disrupts important signaling pathways and affects neuron growth, particularly in cells from patients with specific mutations.
- The study suggests that targeting the Rho GTPase pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating GNAO1-associated encephalopathy.
Article Synopsis
- The Multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent (MHSEMS), designed by M.I.Tech/Boston Scientific, has features that aim to balance prevention of migration and tissue ingrowth due to its small holes.
- Launched in Japan in 2022, the MHSEMS model has fewer holes and is specifically made to support patients with malignant biliary obstructions, such as those caused by gallbladder and pancreatic cancers.
- In a study involving 7 cases, all patients experienced successful stent implantation without complications, although two patients had differing outcomes related to obstruction and mortality within the observation period.