Publications by authors named "Hirokazu Okada"
Background: Iron deficiency is a major contributor to anaemia in chronic kidney diseases. The association of anaemia and iron deficiency with health-related quality of life in Japanese patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease has not been examined. In this study, we evaluated anaemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease G3b-5 and examined their associations with health-related quality of life.
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- - Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic issue that negatively impacts the health and prognosis of CKD patients, making effective management crucial.
- - This study analyzed data from 30,977 CKD patients in the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Extension to explore the link between proteinuria and CKD-MBD.
- - Results indicated that higher levels of proteinuria (up to 3+) are significantly associated with increased risks of hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia, regardless of kidney function measured by eGFR.
The association of physical activity with renal outcome and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD; i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 45 ml/min/1.
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- * A study involving 14 patients with type 2 diabetes used BOLD MRI to measure changes in kidney oxygenation after one and five doses of canagliflozin.
- * Results indicated that canagliflozin treatment temporarily increased kidney oxygenation on the first day, with some improvements still visible after five treatments, suggesting potential benefits for kidney health in diabetic patients.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most refractory malignancies. In situ vaccines (ISV), in which intratumorally injected immunostimulatory adjuvants activate innate immunity at the tumor site, utilize tumor-derived patient-specific antigens, thereby allowing for the development of vaccines in patients themselves. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel therapy that selectively kills cancer cells exclusively in the NIR-irradiated region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysgonomonas capnocytophagoides shows multidrug resistance to antibiotics and causes opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. The drug resistance mechanisms of D. capnocytophagoides have not yet been identified.
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- * It involved 321 patients divided into three groups based on their kidney function, utilizing data from both kidneys and different MRI methods.
- * The model achieved its highest accuracy of 86.2% when analyzing images from both kidneys using the in-phase technique, indicating its effectiveness in assessing CKD severity.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to determine if surrogate endpoints like eGFR slope and albuminuria/proteinuria are valid predictors of long-term kidney health for Japanese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Research analyzed Japanese patient databases and included a systematic review of clinical trials to assess these endpoints.
- Findings suggested that eGFR slope and a 30% reduction in albuminuria/proteinuria are promising surrogate endpoints for predicting end-stage kidney disease risk in the Japanese population, but further validation of these measures is needed.
Objective: To determine the long-term survival of patients receiving home hemodialysis (HHD) through self-punctured arteriovenous access.
Methods: We conducted an observational study of all patients receiving HHD at our facility between 2001 and 2020. The primary outcome was treatment survival, and it was defined as the duration from HHD initiation to the first event of death or technique failure.
Article Synopsis
- - Eculizumab has been approved in Japan for treating atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS) since 2013, with a study evaluating its safety and effectiveness in adult patients who received at least one dose.
- - The analysis included 79 patients, revealing improvements in key health indicators; however, only 35.3% achieved complete thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) response, and renal function improvement was linked to the time between the last TMA episode and starting treatment.
- - No unexpected safety concerns were reported, indicating that eculizumab is generally safe for use in this patient population, although treatment duration varied based on the effectiveness of the therapy.
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- A study analyzed data from a national CKD registry with 4,455 patients to explore the link between guideline compliance and renal outcomes in real-world settings.
- The results showed that higher compliance with CKD guidelines, particularly among those meeting all eight metrics, significantly reduced the risk of severe renal events compared to those with lower compliance.
- Key factors affecting renal outcomes included high serum potassium and uric acid levels, low sodium-chloride and calcium levels, and the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, while higher hemoglobin levels were linked to fewer adverse events.
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- The study investigates the initial decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that occurs when patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) start taking sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.
- It examines factors influencing this initial GFR drop using data from the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database and links it to potential kidney health outcomes over time.
- Results indicate that certain medications and higher urinary protein levels contribute to a more significant GFR decline, which may put patients at greater risk for severe kidney issues later on.
Background/aim: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a nephrotic syndrome with both idiopathic and secondary etiologies. The mechanism of cancer-associated MN is presumed to involve the immunological production of antibodies against a tumor antigen, although little is known about the detailed mechanism. Lung cancer is a major neoplasm associated with cancer-associated MN.
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- A prognostic risk score was created to predict early mortality in elderly Japanese patients starting hemodialysis (HD), emphasizing the importance of this information for patients and their families.
- The study analyzed data from a national registry, identifying nine key risk factors (like age, sex, body mass index, and presence of dementia) that contribute to the prediction of early death within one year of starting HD.
- The developed risk score showed significant correlation with early mortality, helping categorize patients into low, medium, and high-risk groups, which could assist in better decision-making for renal replacement therapy.
Background: Magnesium deficiency is associated with various health conditions, but its impact on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum magnesium levels and prognosis of renal function in CKD patients.
Methods: This is an analysis of the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Ex (J-CKD-DB-Ex), which is a multicenter prospective cohort including CKD patients enrolled from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers investigated the link between anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis, which shares similarities with ulcerative colitis (UC).
- In a study, they found that 30.8% of patients with ICI-induced colitis had these autoantibodies compared to only 1.9% of controls, with a strong association to severe colitis and steroid resistance.
- The presence of anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies could indicate their potential use as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring ICI-induced colitis.
Article Synopsis
- - A 75-year-old woman with colon cancer developed massive proteinuria after treatment with FOLFIRI and bevacizumab, leading to the discontinuation of only bevacizumab, which initially improved her condition.
- - More than six months later, she experienced a recurrence of proteinuria and declining kidney function, with a biopsy revealing damage due to chronic endothelial cell issues thought to be related to bevacizumab and other chemotherapy drugs.
- - Despite attempts to manage her condition through diet and antihypertensive therapy, the patient's ability to continue chemotherapy suffered, indicating that careful monitoring and management of related health issues are essential in cancer treatments to prevent renal complications.
Background: The guidelines in Japan for the treatment of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) have been revised; the latest update was released in 2020. We investigated the actual usage of the new guidelines in Japan.
Methods: We distributed a survey electronically to board-certified nephrologists throughout Japan from December 15, 2021 to January 31, 2022.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined whether standardizing ankle stress sonography techniques would reduce measurement variability among different examiners.
- Fourteen examiners with an average of 8.7 years of ultrasound experience used their preferred methods on three patients, followed by a standardized technique developed in a consensus meeting.
- Results showed no significant difference in variability or measurement outcomes between the preferred and standardized techniques, indicating that standardization did not effectively reduce variability in ligament length measurements.
We herein report a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving multiple renal and bone infiltrations presenting with giant cell arteritis (GCA)-like manifestations. One month prior, the present patient had left-sided temporal headache, jaw claudication, and renal failure. The patient was diagnosed with DLBCL based on a renal biopsy.
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- The study aimed to analyze patterns of haematuria and proteinuria in IgA nephropathy patients to identify links to kidney health outcomes.
- Researchers used data from 889 patients, uncovering four distinct progression paths for urine measurements over a median follow-up of about 49 months.
- Findings showed that patients with high-stable and moderate-stable haematuria had significantly increased risk (about 2 times) of experiencing serious kidney events compared to those with low-stable haematuria.
We developed a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN)-based automatic kidney segmentation method for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using MRI Dixon-based T1-weighted in-phase (IP)/opposed-phase (OP)/water-only (WO) images. The dataset comprised 100 participants with renal dysfunction (RD; eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m) and 70 without (non-RD; eGFR ≥ 45 mL/min/1.
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