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28101MCID_676f086cc5f1663e8a0538b9 38882175 Hirokazu Hori[author] Hori, Hirokazu[Full Author Name] hori, hirokazu[Author] trying2...
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3888217520240618

2470-13439232024Jun11ACS omegaACS OmegaRegression Study of Odorant Chemical Space, Molecular Structural Diversity, and Natural Language Description.250542506225054-2506210.1021/acsomega.4c02268Odor is analyzed on the human olfactometry systems in various steps. The mapping from chemical structures to olfactory perceptions of smell is an extremely challenging task. Scientists have been unable to find a measure to distinguish the perceptual similarity between odorants. In this study, we report regression analysis and visualization based on the odorant chemical space. We discuss the relation between the odor descriptors and their structural diversity for odorants groups associated with each odor descriptor. We studied the influence of structural diversity on the odor descriptor predictability. The results suggest that the diversity of molecular structures, which is associated with the same odor descriptor, is related to the resolutional confusion with the odor descriptor.© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.HaradaYukiY0009-0000-4254-7803Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence Laboratory for Data Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.MaedaShuichiSPriority Organization for Innovation and Excellence Laboratory for Data Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.ShenJunweiJ0000-0003-4223-6735Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence Laboratory for Data Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.MisonouTakuTEmeritus Professors of University of Yamanashi, Takeda 4-4-37, Kofu 400-8510, Japan.HoriHirokazuHEmeritus Professors of University of Yamanashi, Takeda 4-4-37, Kofu 400-8510, Japan.NakamuraShinichiroSPriority Organization for Innovation and Excellence Laboratory for Data Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.engJournal Article20240603

United StatesACS Omega1016916582470-1343The authors declare no competing financial interest.20243820245152024524202461764420246176432024617553202463epublish38882175PMC1117072310.1021/acsomega.4c02268Harada Y.A Study for Odor Component Exploration with Multi-dimensional Data Analysis of Odor Sensing Spaces. Ph.D. Thesis, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2016.Boelens M.; Boelens H.; Boelens H. Some aspects of qualitative structure-odor relationships. Perfum. Flavor. 2003, 28, 36–45.Martinez-Mayorga K.; Peppard T. L.; Yongye A. B.; Maggiora G. M.; Medina-Franco J. L. Flavor landscape: Towards a systematic characterization of a comprehensive flavor database. Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 25 (10), 550–560. 10.1002/cem.1399.10.1002/cem.1399Keller A.; Gerkin R. C.; Guan Y.; Dhurandhar A.; Turu G.; Szalai B.; Mainland J. D.; Ihara Y.; Yu C. W.; Wolfinger R.; Vens C.; et al. Predicting human olfactory perception from chemical features of odor molecules. 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2045-23221212022Nov08Scientific reportsSci RepOrder recognition by Schubert polynomials generated by optical near-field statistics via nanometre-scale photochromism.19008190081900810.1038/s41598-022-21489-6Irregular spatial distribution of photon transmission through a photochromic crystal photoisomerized by a local optical near-field excitation was previously reported, which manifested complex branching processes via the interplay of material deformation and near-field photon transfer therein. Furthermore, by combining such naturally constructed complex photon transmission with a simple photon detection protocol, Schubert polynomials, the foundation of versatile permutation operations in mathematics, have been generated. In this study, we demonstrated an order recognition algorithm inspired by Schubert calculus using optical near-field statistics via nanometre-scale photochromism. More specifically, by utilizing Schubert polynomials generated via optical near-field patterns, we showed that the order of slot machines with initially unknown reward probability was successfully recognized. We emphasized that, unlike conventional algorithms, the proposed principle does not estimate the reward probabilities but exploits the inversion relations contained in the Schubert polynomials. To quantitatively evaluate the impact of Schubert polynomials generated from an optical near-field pattern, order recognition performances were compared with uniformly distributed and spatially strongly skewed probability distributions, where the optical near-field pattern outperformed the others. We found that the number of singularities contained in Schubert polynomials and that of the given problem or considered environment exhibited a clear correspondence, indicating that superior order recognition is attained when the singularity of the given situations is presupposed. This study paves way for physical computing through the interplay of complex natural processes and mathematical insights gained by Schubert calculus.© 2022. The Author(s).UchiyamaKazuharuKUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. kuchiyama@yamanashi.ac.jp.NakajimaSotaSDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.SuzuiHirotsuguHDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.ChauvetNicolasNDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.HorisakiRyoichiRDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.UchidaKingoKRyukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.NaruseMakotoMDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. makoto_naruse@ipc.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp.HoriHirokazuHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.engJPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology AgencyJP20H00233Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceJournal Article20221108

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322IMThe authors declare no competing interests.20223142022928202211823192022119602022119612022118epublish36347870PMC964345810.1038/s41598-022-21489-610.1038/s41598-022-21489-6Kiyoto N, Hakuta S, Tani T, Naya M, Kamada K. Development of a near-infrared reflective film using disk-shaped silver nanoparticles. Fujifilm Res. Dev. 2013;58:55–58.Geiregat P, Van Thourhout D, Hens Z. A bright future for colloidal quantum dot lasers. NPG Asia Mater. 2019;11:1–8. doi: 10.1038/s41427-019-0141-y.10.1038/s41427-019-0141-yMohammadi E, Tsakmakidis KL, Askarpour AN, Dehkhoda P, Tavakoli A, Altug H. Nanophotonic platforms for enhanced chiral sensing. ACS Photon. 2018;5:2669–2675. doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00270.10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00270Naruse M, Tate N, Aono M, Ohtsu M. Information physics fundamentals of nanophotonics. Rep. Prog. 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2045-23221212022Jun20Scientific reportsSci RepScanning near-field optical spectroscopy and carrier transport based analysis in mesoscopic regions for two-dimensional semiconductors.10348103481034810.1038/s41598-022-13492-8The measurements of photoexcited transport in mesoscopic regimes reveal the states and properties of mesoscopic systems. In this study, we focused on direct measurements of electromagnetic energy transports in the mesoscopic regions and constructed a scanning tunnelling microscope-assisted multi-probe scanning near-field optical microscope spectroscopy system. After producing an emission energy map through a single-probe measurement, two-probe measurement enables us to observe and analyse carrier transport characteristics. It suggests that exciton generation and transport in the mesoscopic region of semiconductors with quantum structure changes, such as the bias of dopant, affect the excited carrier emission recombination process. The measured probability density of the carrier transported with quantum effects can be used for applications in natural intelligence research by combining it with the analysis using tournament structures. Our developed measurement and analysis methods are expected to clarify the details of carrier's behaviour in the mesoscopic region in various materials and lead to applications for novel optoelectronic devices.© 2022. The Author(s).SakuraiAnriADepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.IwamotoKoheiKDepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.MiwaYoshihikoYDepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.HoriHirokazuHDepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.IshikawaAkiraADepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.UchiyamaKazuharuKDepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.KobayashiKiyoshiKNatural Science Laboratory, Toyo University, 5-28-20 Hakusan, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8606, Japan.KishinoKatsumiKSophia Nanotechnology Research Center, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.SakaiMasaruMDepartment of Science and Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. sakaims@yamanashi.ac.jp.engJournal Article20220620

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322IMThe authors declare no competing interests.2022282022525202262023552022621602022621612022620epublish35725743PMC920951010.1038/s41598-022-13492-810.1038/s41598-022-13492-8Matsuda K, Saiki T, Nomura S, Mihara M, Aoyagi Y. Near-field photoluminescence imaging of single semiconductor quantum constituents with a spatial resolution of 30 nm. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002;81(12):2291–2293. doi: 10.1063/1.1507357.10.1063/1.1507357Matsuda K, Saiki T, Yamada T, Ishizuka T. Direct optical observation of compositional fluctuation in GaAs1−xNx by near-field photoluminescence spectroscopy and microscopy with high spatial resolution. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004;85(15):3077–3079. doi: 10.1063/1.1806540.10.1063/1.1806540Kubota R, et al. Near-infrared near-field photoluminescence imaging spectroscopy of exciton localized states in GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells due to nonuniform distribution of nitrogen. J. 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2045-23221112021Mar01Scientific reportsSci RepEntangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making.48324832483210.1038/s41598-021-84199-5Collective decision making is important for maximizing total benefits while preserving equality among individuals in the competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem, wherein multiple players try to gain higher rewards from multiple slot machines. The CMAB problem represents an essential aspect of applications such as resource management in social infrastructure. In a previous study, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that entangled photons can physically resolve the difficulty of the CMAB problem. This decision-making strategy completely avoids decision conflicts while ensuring equality. However, decision conflicts can sometimes be beneficial if they yield greater rewards than non-conflicting decisions, indicating that greedy actions may provide positive effects depending on the given environment. In this study, we demonstrate a mixed strategy of entangled- and correlated-photon-based decision-making so that total rewards can be enhanced when compared to the entangled-photon-only decision strategy. We show that an optimal mixture of entangled- and correlated-photon-based strategies exists depending on the dynamics of the reward environment as well as the difficulty of the given problem. This study paves the way for utilizing both quantum and classical aspects of photons in a mixed manner for decision making and provides yet another example of the supremacy of mixed strategies known in game theory, especially in evolutionary game theory.MaedaShionSDepartment of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. maeda-shion4141@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.ChauvetNicolasNDepartment of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan.BachelierGuillaumeGUniv. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38000, Grenoble, France.HuantSergeSUniv. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38000, Grenoble, France.NaruseMakotoMDepartment of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. makoto_naruse@ipc.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp.Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. makoto_naruse@ipc.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20210301

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322IMThe authors declare no competing interests.2020102020212152021326142021336020213361202131epublish33649385PMC792138410.1038/s41598-021-84199-510.1038/s41598-021-84199-5Kitayama K, Notomi M, Naruse M, Inoue K, Kawakami S, Uchida A. Novel frontier of photonics for data processing—Photonic accelerator. APL Photonics. 2019;4:090901. doi: 10.1063/1.5108912.10.1063/1.5108912Larger L, et al. Photonic information processing beyond Turing: An optoelectronic implementation of reservoir computing. Opt. Express. 2012;20:3241–3249. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.003241.10.1364/OE.20.00324122330562Brunner D, Soriano MC, Mirasso CR, Fischer I. Parallel photonic information processing at gigabyte per second data rates using transient states. Nat. Commun. 2013;4:1364. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2368.10.1038/ncomms2368PMC356245423322052Sugano C, Kanno K, Uchida A. Reservoir computing using multiple lasers with feedback on a photonic integrated circuit. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2019;26:1–9. doi: 10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2929179.10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2929179Shen Y, et al. Deep learning with coherent nanophotonic circuits. Nat. Photonics. 2017;11:441–446. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2017.93.10.1038/nphoton.2017.93Ishihara T, Shinya A, Inoue K, Nozaki K, Notomi M. An integrated nanophotonic parallel adder. ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst. 2018;14:1–20. doi: 10.1145/3178452.10.1145/3178452De Lima TF, Shastri BJ, Tait AN, Nahmias MA, Prucnal PR. Progress in neuromorphic photonics. Nanophotonics. 2017;6:577–599. doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2016-0139.10.1515/nanoph-2016-0139Nahmias MA, De Lima TF, Tait AN, Peng HT, Shastri BJ, Prucnal PR. Photonic multiply-accumulate operations for neural networks. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2019;26:1–18. doi: 10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2941485.10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2941485Lai L, El Gamal H, Jiang H, Poor HV. Cognitive medium access: Exploration, exploitation, and competition. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 2011;10:239–253. doi: 10.1109/TMC.2010.65.10.1109/TMC.2010.65Takeuchi S, Hasegawa M, Kanno K, Uchida A, Chauvet N, Naruse M. Dynamic channel selection in wireless communications via a multi-armed bandit algorithm using laser chaos time series. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:1574. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58541-2.10.1038/s41598-020-58541-2PMC699463432005883Kim SJ, Naruse M, Aono M. Harnessing the computational power of fluids for optimization of collective decision making. Philosophies. 2016;1:245–260. doi: 10.3390/philosophies1030245.10.3390/philosophies1030245Naruse M, et al. Single-photon decision maker. Sci. Rep. 2015;5:13253. doi: 10.1038/srep13253.10.1038/srep13253PMC453860726278007Flamini F, Hamann A, Jerbi S, Trenkwalder LM, Nautrup HP, Briegel HJ. Photonic architecture for reinforcement learning. New J. Phys. 2020;22:045002. doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/ab783c.10.1088/1367-2630/ab783cNaruse M, Terashima Y, Uchida A, Kim SJ. Ultrafast photonic reinforcement learning based on laser chaos. Sci. Rep. 2017;7:8772. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08585-8.10.1038/s41598-017-08585-8PMC556274228821739Ma Y, Xiang S, Guo X, Song Z, Wen A, Hao Y. Time-delay signature concealment of chaos and ultrafast decision making in mutually coupled semiconductor lasers with a phase-modulated Sagnac loop. Opt. Express. 2020;28:1665–1678. doi: 10.1364/OE.384378.10.1364/OE.38437832121874Chauvet N, et al. Entangled-photon decision maker. Sci. Rep. 2019;9:12229. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48647-7.10.1038/s41598-019-48647-7PMC670639631439920Piccinotti D, MacDonald KF, Gregory S, Youngs I, Zheludev NI. Artificial intelligence for photonics and photonic materials. Rep. Prog. Phys. 2020;84:012401. doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/abb4c7.10.1088/1361-6633/abb4c733355315Genty G, Salmela L, Dudley JM, Brunner D, Kokhanovskiy A, Kobtsev S, Turitsyn SK. Machine learning and applications in ultrafast photonics. Nat. 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2045-23221012020Nov24Scientific reportsSci RepEntangled N-photon states for fair and optimal social decision making.20420204202042010.1038/s41598-020-77340-3Situations involving competition for resources among entities can be modeled by the competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem, which relates to social issues such as maximizing the total outcome and achieving the fairest resource repartition among individuals. In these respects, the intrinsic randomness and global properties of quantum states provide ideal tools for obtaining optimal solutions to this problem. Based on the previous study of the CMAB problem in the two-arm, two-player case, this paper presents the theoretical principles necessary to find polarization-entangled N-photon states that can optimize the total resource output while ensuring equality among players. These principles were applied to two-, three-, four-, and five-player cases by using numerical simulations to reproduce realistic configurations and find the best strategies to overcome potential misalignment between the polarization measurement systems of the players. Although a general formula for the N-player case is not presented here, general derivation rules and a verification algorithm are proposed. This report demonstrates the potential usability of quantum states in collective decision making with limited, probabilistic resources, which could serve as a first step toward quantum-based resource allocation systems.ChauvetNicolasNDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. nicolas-chauvet@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.BachelierGuillaumeGCNRS, Institute Néel, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38042, Grenoble, France.HuantSergeSCNRS, Institute Néel, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38042, Grenoble, France.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan.NaruseMakotoMDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20201124

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2045-23221012020Feb17Scientific reportsSci RepGeneration of Schubert polynomial series via nanometre-scale photoisomerization in photochromic single crystal and double-probe optical near-field measurements.27102710271010.1038/s41598-020-59603-1Generation of irregular time series based on physical processes is indispensable in computing and artificial intelligence. In this report, we propose and demonstrate the generation of Schubert polynomials, which are the foundation of versatile permutations in mathematics, via optical near-field processes introduced in a photochromic crystal of diarylethene combined with a simple photon detection protocol. Optical near-field excitation on the surface of a photochromic single crystal yields a chain of local photoisomerization, forming a complex pattern on the opposite side of the crystal. The incoming photon travels through the nanostructured photochromic crystal, and the exit position of the photon exhibits a versatile pattern. We emulated trains of photons based on the optical pattern experimentally observed through double-probe optical near-field microscopy, where the detection position was determined based on a simple protocol, leading to Schubert matrices corresponding to Schubert polynomials. The versatility and correlations of the generated Schubert matrices could be reconfigured in either a soft or hard manner by adjusting the photon detection sensitivity. This is the first study of Schubert polynomial generation via physical processes or nanophotonics, paving the way for future nano-scale intelligence devices and systems.UchiyamaKazuharuK0000-0002-6919-8903University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. kuchiyama@yamanashi.ac.jp.SuzuiHirotsuguHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.NakagomiRyoRUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.UchidaKingoK0000-0001-5937-0397Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.NaruseMakotoMDepartment of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.HoriHirokazuHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.engJP25286067MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP26107012MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP25286067MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JPMJCR17N2MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Journal Article20200217

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322IMThe authors declare no competing interests.201972220201312020219602020219602020219612020217epublish32066821PMC702609310.1038/s41598-020-59603-110.1038/s41598-020-59603-1Kocarev L, Halle KS, Eckert K, Chua LO, Parlitz U. Experimental demonstration of secure communications via chaotic synchronization. Int. J. Bifurcat. Chaos. 1992;2:709–713. doi: 10.1142/S0218127492000823.10.1142/S0218127492000823Stinson, D. R. Cryptography: Theory and practice (CRC Press, 1995).Metropolis N, Ulam S. The Monte Carlo method. J. Am. Statist. Assoc. 1949;44:335–341. doi: 10.1080/01621459.1949.10483310.10.1080/01621459.1949.1048331018139350Naruse M, et al. Single-photon decision maker. Sci. Rep. 2015;5:13253. doi: 10.1038/srep13253.10.1038/srep13253PMC453860726278007Naruse, M. et al. Generative adversarial network based on chaotic time series. Sci. Rep.9, 12963 (2019).PMC673687631506525Uchida Atsushi. Optical Communication with Chaotic Lasers. 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2045-2322912019Aug22Scientific reportsSci RepEntangled-photon decision maker.12229122291222910.1038/s41598-019-48647-7The competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem is related to social issues such as maximizing total social benefits while preserving equality among individuals by overcoming conflicts between individual decisions, which could seriously decrease social benefits. The study described herein provides experimental evidence that entangled photons physically resolve the CMAB in the 2-arms 2-players case, maximizing the social rewards while ensuring equality. Moreover, we demonstrated that deception, or outperforming the other player by receiving a greater reward, cannot be accomplished in a polarization-entangled-photon-based system, while deception is achievable in systems based on classical polarization-correlated photons with fixed polarizations. Besides, random polarization-correlated photons have been studied numerically and shown to ensure equality between players and deception prevention as well, although the CMAB maximum performance is reduced as compared with entangled photon experiments. Autonomous alignment schemes for polarization bases were also experimentally demonstrated based only on decision conflict information observed by an individual without communications between players. This study paves a way for collective decision making in uncertain dynamically changing environments based on entangled quantum states, a crucial step toward utilizing quantum systems for intelligent functionalities.ChauvetNicolasNUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France. nicolas_chauvet@ipc.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp.Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. nicolas_chauvet@ipc.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp.JegousoDavidDUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.BoulangerBenoîtBUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.OkamuraKazuyaKToyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan.DrezetAurélienAUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.HuantSergeSUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.BachelierGuillaumeGUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.NaruseMakotoMUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042, Grenoble, France.Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20190822

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322IMThe authors declare no competing interests.20195212019892019824602019824602019824612019822epublish31439920PMC670639610.1038/s41598-019-48647-710.1038/s41598-019-48647-7Brunner D, Soriano MC, Mirasso CR, Fischer I. Parallel photonic information processing at gigabyte per second data rates using transient states. Nat. Commun. 2013;4:1364. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2368.10.1038/ncomms2368PMC356245423322052Inagaki T, et al. A coherent Ising machine for 2000-node optimization problems. Science. 2016;354:603–606. doi: 10.1126/science.aah4243.10.1126/science.aah424327811271Shen Y, et al. Deep learning with coherent nanophotonic circuits. Nat. Photon. 2017;11:441–446. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2017.93.10.1038/nphoton.2017.93Sutton, R. S. & Barto, A. G. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction (The MIT Press, 1998).Silver D, et al. Mastering the game of go without human knowledge. Nature. 2017;550:354. doi: 10.1038/nature24270.10.1038/nature2427029052630Rapoport, A. & Chammah, A. M. Prisoner’s dilemma: A study in conflict and cooperation (University of Michigan Press, 1965).Naruse M, et al. Decision making based on optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions between quantum dots. J. Appl. Phys. 2014;116:154303. doi: 10.1063/1.4898570.10.1063/1.4898570Naruse M, et al. Single-photon decision maker. Sci. Rep. 2015;5:13253. doi: 10.1038/srep13253.10.1038/srep13253PMC453860726278007Naruse M, et al. Single Photon in Hierarchical Architecture for Physical Decision Making: Photon Intelligence. ACS Photonics. 2016;3:2505–2514. doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00742.10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00742Naruse M, Terashima Y, Uchida A, Kim SJ. Ultrafast photonic reinforcement learning based on laser chaos. Sci. Rep. 2017;7:8772. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08585-8.10.1038/s41598-017-08585-8PMC556274228821739Naruse M, et al. 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1520-5207123362019Sep12The journal of physical chemistry. BJ Phys Chem BUnique Structural Relaxations and Molecular Conformations of Porphyra-334 at the Excited State.764976567649-765610.1021/acs.jpcb.9b03744Quantum chemistry based simulations were used to examine the excited state of porphyra-334, one of the fundamental mycosporine-like amino acids present in a wide variety of aqueous organisms. Our calculations reveal three characteristic aspects of porphyra-334 related to either its ground or excited state. Specifically, (i) the ground state (S₀) structure consists of a planar geometry in which three units can be identified, the central cyclohexene ring, the glycine branch, and the threonine branch, reflecting the π conjugation of the system; (ii) the first singlet excited state (S₁) shows a large oscillator strength and a typical ππ* excitation character; and (iii) upon relaxation at S₁, the originally ground state planar structure undergoes a relaxation to a nonplanar one, S₁, especially at the carbon-nitrogen (CN) groups linking the cyclohexene ring to the glycine or threonine arm. The induced nonplanarity can be ascribed to the fact that the carbon atoms of the CN groups prefer an sp³ hybridization in the S₁ state. At the singlet state, these processes are unlikely to be trapped by singlet-triplet intersystem crossing especially when these occur in the hydrophilic zwitter-ion forms of porphyra-334. These results provide the missing information for thorough interpretation of the stability of porphyra-334 upon UV irradiation.HatakeyamaMakotoM0000-0002-8830-6615Sanyo-Onoda City University , 1-1-1 Daigakudori , Sanyo-Onoda , Yamaguchi 756-0884 , Japan.Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.KoizumiKenichiKCluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.BoeroMauroM0000-0002-5052-2849University of Strasbourg , Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS, UMR 7504 , 23 rue du Loess , F-67034 Strasbourg , France.NobusadaKatsuyukiK0000-0003-3952-4314Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science , Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 , Japan.Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB) , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520 , Japan.HoriHirokazuHGraduate School of University of Yamanashi , 4-4-37 Takeda , Kofu , Yamanashi 400-8510 , Japan.MisonouTakuTGraduate School of University of Yamanashi , 4-4-37 Takeda , Kofu , Yamanashi 400-8510 , Japan.KobayashiTakaoTMitsubishi Chemical Corporation , MCC-Group Science and Technology Research Center Inc. , 1000 Kamoshida-cho , Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-8502 , Japan.NakamuraShinichiroSCluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.Computational Chemistry Applications Unit, Advanced Center for Computing and Communication , RIKEN , 2-1, Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20190829

United StatesJ Phys Chem B1011575301520-52070Cyclohexanones0porphyra-334TE7660XO1CGlycineIMCyclohexanoneschemistryGlycineanalogs & derivativeschemistryHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsMolecular ConformationQuantum Theory201982160202081360201982160ppublish3143015410.1021/acs.jpcb.9b037443047825920191120

2045-2322812018Nov27Scientific reportsSci RepAuthor Correction: Nanometre-scale pattern formation on the surface of a photochromic crystal by optical near-field induced photoisomerization.17474174741747410.1038/s41598-018-35959-3A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.NakagomiRyoRUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. rnakagomi1990@gmail.com.UchiyamaKazuharuKUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.SuzuiHirotsuguHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.HatanoEriERyukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.UchidaKingoKRyukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.NaruseMakotoMNetwork System Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan.HoriHirokazuHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.engPublished Erratum20181127

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 27;8(1):14468. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32862-93026290520181128602018112860201811286120181127epublish30478259PMC625575910.1038/s41598-018-35959-310.1038/s41598-018-35959-3302861862019040320190403

1932-620313102018PloS onePLoS OneWhy is the environment important for decision making? Local reservoir model for choice-based learning.e0205161e0205161e020516110.1371/journal.pone.0205161Decision making based on behavioral and neural observations of living systems has been extensively studied in brain science, psychology, neuroeconomics, and other disciplines. Decision-making mechanisms have also been experimentally implemented in physical processes, such as single photons and chaotic lasers. The findings of these experiments suggest that there is a certain common basis in describing decision making, regardless of its physical realizations. In this study, we propose a local reservoir model to account for choice-based learning (CBL). CBL describes decision consistency as a phenomenon where making a certain decision increases the possibility of making that same decision again later. This phenomenon has been intensively investigated in neuroscience, psychology, and other related fields. Our proposed model is inspired by the viewpoint that a decision is affected by its local environment, which is referred to as a local reservoir. If the size of the local reservoir is large enough, consecutive decision making will not be affected by previous decisions, thus showing lower degrees of decision consistency in CBL. In contrast, if the size of the local reservoir decreases, a biased distribution occurs within it, which leads to higher degrees of decision consistency in CBL. In this study, an analytical approach for characterizing local reservoirs is presented, as well as several numerical demonstrations. Furthermore, a physical architecture for CBL based on single photons is discussed, and the effects of local reservoirs are numerically demonstrated. Decision consistency in human decision-making tasks and in recruiting empirical data is evaluated based on the local reservoir. This foundation based on a local reservoir offers further insights into the understanding and design of decision making.NaruseMakotoM0000-0001-8982-9824Network System Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.YamamotoEijiEDepartment of System Design Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.NakaoTakashiTDepartment of Psychology, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.AkimotoTakumaTDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Insitute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan.OkamuraKazuyaKGraduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.OjimaIzumiIIndependent Researcher, Shimosakamoto, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.NorthoffGeorgGMind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20181004

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2045-2322812018Sep27Scientific reportsSci RepNanometre-scale pattern formation on the surface of a photochromic crystal by optical near-field induced photoisomerization.14468144681446810.1038/s41598-018-32862-9We observed nanometre-scale optical near-field induced photoisomerization on the surface of a photochromic diarylethene crystal via molecular structural changes using an optical near-field assisted atomic force microscope. A nanometre-scale concavity was formed on the sample surface due to locally induced photoisomerization. By using this optical near-field induced local photoisomerization, we succeeded in generating a pattern of alphabet characters on the surface of the diarylethene crystal below the optical wavelength scale. Further, by exploiting the photochromism of the investigated material, erasure of the generated pattern was also confirmed, where the evolution of the pattern during erasure depended on the local spatial characteristics of the crystal. These experimental findings demonstrate the fundamental abilities of photochromic crystals in dynamic memorization in nanometre-scale light-matter interactions.NakagomiRyoRUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. rnakagomi1990@gmail.com.UchiyamaKazuharuKUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.SuzuiHirotsuguHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.HatanoEriERyukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.UchidaKingoKRyukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Oe-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan.NaruseMakotoMNetwork System Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan.HoriHirokazuHUniversity of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.engJPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JPMJCR17N2JST | Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)Journal Article20180927

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 27;8(1):17474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35959-330478259The authors declare no competing interests.201862620189142018929602018929602018929612018927epublish30262905PMC616042310.1038/s41598-018-32862-910.1038/s41598-018-32862-9Naruse M, et al. Decision making based on optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions between quantum dots. J. Appl. Phys. 2014;116:154303. doi: 10.1063/1.4898570.10.1063/1.4898570Naruse M, et al. Single-photon decision maker. Sci. Rep. 2015;5:13253. doi: 10.1038/srep13253.10.1038/srep13253PMC453860726278007Inagaki T, et al. A coherent Ising machine for 2000-node optimization problems. Science. 2016;354:603–606. doi: 10.1126/science.aah4243.10.1126/science.aah424327811271Shen Y, et al. Deep learning with coherent nanophotonic circuits. Nat. Photon. 2017;11:441. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2017.93.10.1038/nphoton.2017.93Prucnal PR, et al. Recent progress in semiconductor excitable lasers for photonic spike processing. Adv. Opti. Photon. 2016;8:228–299. doi: 10.1364/AOP.8.000228.10.1364/AOP.8.000228Irie M, Fukaminato T, Matsuda K, Kobatake S. Photochromism of diarylethene molecules and crystals: Memories, switches, and actuators. Chem. Rev. 2014;114:12174. doi: 10.1021/cr500249p.10.1021/cr500249p25514509Inoue, T. & Hori, H. Quantum theory of radiation in optical near field based on quantization of evanescent electromagnetic waves using detector mode. Progress in Nano- Electro-Optics IV (ed. Ohtsu, M.) 127–199 (Springer, 2005).Matsudo T, et al. Direct detection of evanescent waves at a planer dielectric surface by laser atomic spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. A. 1997;55:2406–2412. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.55.2406.10.1103/PhysRevA.55.2406Inoue T, Hori H. Quantization of evanescent electromagnetic waves based on detector modes. Phys. Rev. A. 2001;63:063805. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.063805.10.1103/PhysRevA.63.063805H’Dhili F, et al. Near-field optics: Direct observation of the field enhancement below an apertureless probe using a photosensitive polymer. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001;79:4019. doi: 10.1063/1.1425083.10.1063/1.1425083Bachelot R, et al. Apertureless near-field optical microscopy: A study of the local tip field enhancement using photosensitive azobenzene-containing films. J. Appl. Phys. 2003;94:2060. doi: 10.1063/1.1585117.10.1063/1.1585117Naruse Makoto, Kim Song-Ju, Aono Masashi, Berthel Martin, Drezet Aurélien, Huant Serge, Hori Hirokazu. Category Theoretic Analysis of Photon-Based Decision Making. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making. 2018;17(05):1305–1333. doi: 10.1142/S0219622018500268.10.1142/S0219622018500268Chang-Hasnain CJ, Ku PC, Kim J, Chuang SL. Variable optical buffer using slow light in semiconductor nanostructures. Proc. IEEE. 2003;91:1884–1897. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2003.818335.10.1109/JPROC.2003.818335Nakagomi R, et al. Nano-optical functionality based on local photoisomerization in photochromic single crystal. Appl. Phys. A. 2017;124:10. doi: 10.1007/s00339-017-1431-2.10.1007/s00339-017-1431-2Hatano E, et al. Photosalient effect of a diarylethene with a perfluorocyclohexene ring. Chem. Eur. J. 2016;22:12680–12683. doi: 10.1002/chem.201603020.10.1002/chem.20160302027384133Hatano E, et al. Photosalient phenomena that mimic impatiens are observed in hollow crystals of diarylethene with a perfluorocyclohexene ring. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017;56:12576–12580. doi: 10.1002/anie.201706684.10.1002/anie.20170668428834074Fukaminato T, et al. Three-dimensional erasable optical memory using a photochromic diarylethene single crystal as the recording medium. Proc. Jpn. Acad. B. 2001;77:30–35. doi: 10.2183/pjab.77.30.10.2183/pjab.77.30Kim M, et al. Amorphous photochromic films for near-field optical recording. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2003;42:3676–3681. doi: 10.1143/JJAP.42.3676.10.1143/JJAP.42.3676Irie M, Kobatake S, Horichi M. Reversible surface morphology changes of a photochromic diarylethene single crystal by photoirradiation. Science. 2001;291:1769. doi: 10.1126/science.291.5509.1769.10.1126/science.291.5509.1769112306893002208520191120

2045-2322812018Jul18Scientific reportsSci RepScalable photonic reinforcement learning by time-division multiplexing of laser chaos.10890108901089010.1038/s41598-018-29117-yReinforcement learning involves decision-making in dynamic and uncertain environments and constitutes a crucial element of artificial intelligence. In our previous work, we experimentally demonstrated that the ultrafast chaotic oscillatory dynamics of lasers can be used to efficiently solve the two-armed bandit problem, which requires decision-making concerning a class of difficult trade-offs called the exploration-exploitation dilemma. However, only two selections were employed in that research; hence, the scalability of the laser-chaos-based reinforcement learning should be clarified. In this study, we demonstrated a scalable, pipelined principle of resolving the multi-armed bandit problem by introducing time-division multiplexing of chaotically oscillated ultrafast time series. The experimental demonstrations in which bandit problems with up to 64 arms were successfully solved are presented where laser chaos time series significantly outperforms quasiperiodic signals, computer-generated pseudorandom numbers, and coloured noise. Detailed analyses are also provided that include performance comparisons among laser chaos signals generated in different physical conditions, which coincide with the diffusivity inherent in the time series. This study paves the way for ultrafast reinforcement learning by taking advantage of the ultrahigh bandwidths of light wave and practical enabling technologies.NaruseMakotoMNetwork System Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan. naruse@nict.go.jp.MihanaTakatomoTDepartment of Information and Computer Sciences, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan.SaigoHayatoHNagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.OkamuraKazuyaKGraduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan.HasegawaMikioMDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.UchidaAtsushiA0000-0002-4654-8616Department of Information and Computer Sciences, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.engCore-to-Core Program A. Advanced Research NetworksJapan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP17H01277Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JP16H03878Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)JPMJCR17N2Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Journal Article20180718

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-2322The authors declare no competing interests.20184132018752018720602018720602018720612018718epublish30022085PMC605216610.1038/s41598-018-29117-y10.1038/s41598-018-29117-yInagaki, T. et al. A coherent Ising machine for 2000-node optimization problems. Science, 10.1126/science.aah4243 (2016).27811271Larger L, et al. Photonic information processing beyond Turing: an optoelectronic 3 implementation of reservoir computing. Opt. Express. 2012;20:3241–3249. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.003241.10.1364/OE.20.00324122330562Brunner D, Soriano MC, Mirasso CR, Fischer I. Parallel photonic information processing at gigabyte per second data rates using transient states. Nat. Commun. 2013;4:1364. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2368.10.1038/ncomms2368PMC356245423322052Uchida A, et al. Fast physical random bit generation with chaotic semiconductor lasers. Nat. Photon. 2008;2:728–732. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2008.227.10.1038/nphoton.2008.227Argyris A, et al. 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1471-23771712017Dec08BMC neurologyBMC NeurolFactors necessary for independent walking in patients with thalamic hemorrhage.21121121110.1186/s12883-017-0991-2Thalamic hemorrhages cause motor paralysis, sensory impairment, and cognitive dysfunctions, all of which may significantly affect walking independence. We examined the factors related to independent walking in patients with thalamic hemorrhage who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.We evaluated 128 patients with thalamic hemorrhage (75 men and 53 women; age range, 40-93 years) who were admitted to our rehabilitation hospital. The mean duration from symptom onset to rehabilitation hospital admission was 27.2 ± 10.3 days, and the mean rehabilitation hospital stay was 71.0 ± 31.4 days. Patients' neurological and cognitive functions were examined with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. The relationship between patients' scores on these scales and their walking ability at discharge from the rehabilitation hospital was analyzed. Additionally, a decision-tree analysis was used to create a model for predicting independent walking upon referral to the rehabilitation hospital.Among the patients, 65 could walk independently and 63 could not. The two patient groups were significantly different in terms of age, duration from symptom onset to rehabilitation hospital admission, hematoma type, hematoma volume, neurological symptoms, and cognitive function. The decision-tree analysis revealed that the patient's age, NIHSS score, MMSE score, hematoma volume, and presence of ventricular bleeding were factors that could predict independent walking.In patients with thalamic hemorrhage, the neurological symptoms, cognitive function, and neuroimaging factors at onset are useful for predicting independent walking.HiraokaShigenoriSDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.MaeshimaShinichiroS0000-0002-0808-3432Department of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan. shinichiromaeshima@gmail.com.Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujita Health University, Nanakuri Memorial Hospital, 114-2 Oodoricho, Tsu, Mie, 514-1295, Japan. shinichiromaeshima@gmail.com.OkazakiHidetoHDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.HoriHirokazuHDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.TanakaShinichiroSDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.OkamotoSayakaSDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.FunahashiReisukeRDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.YagihashiKeiKDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.FuseIkukoIDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.AsanoNaokiNDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.SonodaShigeruSDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.eng17ek0190778h0003Ministry of Health, Labour and WelfareJournal Article20171208

EnglandBMC Neurol1009685551471-2377IMAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCerebral HemorrhagephysiopathologyrehabilitationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeurological RehabilitationmethodsOutcome Assessment, Health CaremethodsThalamuspathologyWalkingphysiologyAmbulationHemorrhageOutcomeRehabilitationThalamusETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board at Fujita Health University (ID number: HM15-134). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients or their legally acceptable representatives following a thorough explanation of the study. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Consent provided upon request. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.201743020171128201712960201712960201865602017128epublish29216828PMC572166810.1186/s12883-017-0991-210.1186/s12883-017-0991-2Kobayashi S. Japan Standard Stroke Registry Study Group. Japanese Stroke Data Bank 2015. Tokyo: Nakayama Shoten Co., Ltd; 2015.Maeshima S, Truman G, Smith DS, Dohi N, Itakura T, Komai N. Functional outcome following thalamic haemorrhage: relationship between motor and cognitive functions and ADL. Disabil Rehabil. 1997;19:459–464. doi: 10.3109/09638289709166839.10.3109/096382897091668399416438Fukiishi Y. Production of the outcome for a walking ability in thalamic hemorrhage patients from initial information: a trial by multivariate analysis. Jpn J Rehabil Med. 1987;24:169–174. doi: 10.2490/jjrm1963.24.169.10.2490/jjrm1963.24.169Kanaya H, Saiki I, Ohuchi T, Kamata K, Endo H, Mizukami M, et al. Update on surgical treatment. In: Mizukami M, Kogure K, Kanaya H, et al., editors. Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage. New York: Raven Press; 1983. pp. 147–163.Kothari RU, Brott T, Broderick JP, Marler JR, Barsan WG, Biller J, et al. The ABCs of measuring intracerebral hemorrhage volumes. Stroke. 1996;27:1304–1305. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.27.8.1304.10.1161/01.STR.27.8.13048711791Brott T, Adams HP, Jr, Olinger CP, Marler JR, Barsan WG, Biller J, et al. Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale. Stroke. 1989;20:864–870. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.20.7.864.10.1161/01.STR.20.7.8642749846Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189–198. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-61202204Holden MK, Gill KM, Magliozzi MR, Nathan J, Piehl-Baker L. Clinical gait assessment in the neurologically impaired. Reliability and meaningfulness. Phys Ther. 1984;64:35–40. doi: 10.1093/ptj/64.1.35.10.1093/ptj/64.1.356691052Brieman L, Friedmen J, Olshen R, Stone C. Classification and regression trees. Pacific Grove: Wadsworth; 1984.Toshima M, Nishiya M, Hagiwara R. Factors affecting length of stay and discharge destination in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Jpn J Rehabil Med. 2001;38:268–276. doi: 10.2490/jjrm1963.38.268.10.2490/jjrm1963.38.268Toyoda O, Nakajima H, Kakegawa T, Nakajima S, Arai K, Kobayashi T. Relationship between hematoma volume and prognosis for thalamic hemorrhage. Neurol Med Chir. 1987;27:968–972. doi: 10.2176/nmc.27.968.10.2176/nmc.27.9682451147Cifu DX, Stewart DG. Factors affecting functional outcome after stroke: a critical review of rehabilitation interventions. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:S35–S39. doi: 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90101-6.10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90101-610326901Moon HI, Lee HJ, Yoon SY. Lesion location associated with balance recovery and gait velocity change after rehabilitation in stroke patients. Neuroradiology. 2017;59:609–618. doi: 10.1007/s00234-017-1840-0.10.1007/s00234-017-1840-028523357Matsuo H, Sonoda S, Maeshima S, Watanabe M, Sasaki S, Okuyama Y, et al. Contribution of physical impairment or imaging findings in the prediction of ADL outcome in stroke patients with middle cerebral artery infarction. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci. 2016;7:119–129.291309822019010720190107

1421-9913791-22018European neurologyEur NeurolAphasia Following Left Putaminal Hemorrhage at a Rehabilitation Hospital.333733-3710.1159/000471921We aimed to clarify the relationship between aphasia and hematoma type/volume in patients with left putaminal hemorrhage admitted to a rehabilitation facility.We evaluated the relationship between the presence, type, and severity of aphasia and hematoma type/volume in 92 patients with putaminal hemorrhage aged 29-83 years. Hematoma type and volume were evaluated on the basis of CT images obtained at stroke onset. The Standard Language Test for Aphasia was conducted as part of the initial assessment.Aphasia was observed in 79 of 92 patients. A total of 31 patients had fluent aphasia, while 48 had non-fluent aphasia. Non-fluent aphasia often involved hematoma on the anterior limb of the internal capsule, while fluent aphasia often involved hematoma on the posterior limb of internal capsule. When the hematoma volume exceeded 20 mL, patients experienced difficulty in repeating spoken words. When hematoma volume exceeded 40 mL, non-fluent aphasia was observed in all patients.Our findings suggest that hematoma type and volume not only influence the development of aphasia following putaminal hemorrhage but also play a major role in determining the patient's fluency and repetition ability.© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.MaeshimaShinichiroSDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine II, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Tsu, Japan.OkamotoSayakaSOkazakiHidetoHFunahashiReisukeRHiraokaShigenoriSHoriHirokazuHYagihashiKeiKFuseIkukoITanakaShinichiroSAsanoNaokiNSonodaShigeruSengJournal Article20171109

SwitzerlandEur Neurol01507600014-3022IMAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAphasiaepidemiologyetiologyFemaleHematomacomplicationspathologyHospitals, RehabilitationHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisPutaminal HemorrhagecomplicationspathologyAphasiaPutaminal hemorrhageRehabilitation201721520173222017111460201918602017111460ppublish2913098210.1159/000471921000471921286048672018020220180202

1463-908419242017Jun21Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCPPhys Chem Chem PhysHow seaweeds release the excess energy from sunlight to surrounding sea water.157451575315745-1575310.1039/c7cp02699dWe report an atomistic insight into the mechanism regulating the energy released by a porphyra-334 molecule, the ubiquitous photosensitive component of marine algae, in a liquid water environment upon an electron excitation. To quantify this rapidly occurring process, we resort to the Fourier analysis of the mass-weighted auto-correlation function, providing evidence for a remarkable dynamic change in the number of hydrogen bonds among water molecules and between the porphyra-334 and its surrounding hydrating water. Hydrogen bonds between the porphyra-334 and close by water molecules can act directly and rather easily to promote an efficient transfer of the excess kinetic energies of the porphyra-334 to the surrounding solvating water molecules via an activation of the collective modes identified as hydrogen-bond stretching modes in liquid water which eventually results in a disruption of the hydrogen bond network. Since porphyra-334 is present in seaweeds, aquatic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and red algae, our findings allow addressing the question how algae in oceans or lakes, upon sunlight absorption, can release large amounts of energy into surrounding water without destabilizing neither their own nor the H₂O molecular structure.KoizumiKenichiKDepartment of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. nobusada@ims.ac.jp.HatakeyamaMakotoMBoeroMauroMNobusadaKatsuyukiKHoriHirokazuHMisonouTakuTNakamuraShinichiroSengJournal Article

EnglandPhys Chem Chem Phys1008881601463-9076201761360201761361201761360ppublish2860486710.1039/c7cp02699d279290912018052220240326

2045-232262016Dec08Scientific reportsSci RepRandom walk with chaotically driven bias.38634386343863410.1038/srep38634We investigate two types of random walks with a fluctuating probability (bias) in which the random walker jumps to the right. One is a 'time-quenched framework' using bias time series such as periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic time series (chaotically driven bias). The other is a 'time-annealed framework' using the fluctuating bias generated by a stochastic process, which is not quenched in time. We show that the diffusive properties in the time-quenched framework can be characterised by the ensemble average of the time-averaged variance (ETVAR), whereas the ensemble average of the time-averaged mean square displacement (ETMSD) fails to capture the diffusion, even when the total bias is zero. We demonstrate that the ETVAR increases linearly with time, and the diffusion coefficient can be estimated by the time average of the local diffusion coefficient. In the time-annealed framework, we analytically and numerically show normal diffusion and superdiffusion, similar to the Lévy walk. Our findings will lead to new developments in information and communication technologies, such as efficient energy transfer for information propagation and quick solution searching.KimSong-JuSJWPI Center for MANA, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.NaruseMakotoMNSRI, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.AonoMasashiMEarth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550 &PRESTO JST, Japan.HoriHirokazuHGraduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.AkimotoTakumaTDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20161208

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2045-232252015Aug17Scientific reportsSci RepSingle-photon decision maker.13253132531325310.1038/srep13253Decision making is critical in our daily lives and for society in general and is finding evermore practical applications in information and communication technologies. Herein, we demonstrate experimentally that single photons can be used to make decisions in uncertain, dynamically changing environments. Using a nitrogen-vacancy in a nanodiamond as a single-photon source, we demonstrate the decision-making capability by solving the multi-armed bandit problem. This capability is directly and immediately associated with single-photon detection in the proposed architecture, leading to adequate and adaptive autonomous decision making. This study makes it possible to create systems that benefit from the quantum nature of light to perform practical and vital intelligent functions.NaruseMakotoMPhotonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.BerthelMartinM1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.DrezetAurélienA1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.HuantSergeS1] Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France [2] CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.AonoMasashiM1] Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguru-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan [2] PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japa.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.KimSong-JuSJWPI Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20150817

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-23220NanodiamondsIMAlgorithmsModels, StatisticalNanodiamondschemistryPhotons201522620157222015818602015819602016816602015817epublish26278007PMC453860710.1038/srep13253srep13253Kocsis L. & Szepesvári C. Bandit based Monte Carlo planning. Machine Learning: ECML 2006, LNCS 4212, Springer, 282–293 (2006). 10.1007/11871842_29.10.1007/11871842_29Gelly S., Wang Y., Munos R. & Teytaud O. Modification of UCT with patterns in Monte Carlo Go. Research Report RR-6062, 1–21 (2006).Lai L., Gamal H., Jiang H. & Poor V. Cognitive Medium Access: Exploration, Exploitation, and Competition. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. 10, 239–253 (2011).Kim S.-J. & Aono M. Amoeba-inspired algorithm for cognitive medium access. NOLTA 5, 198–209 (2014).Agarwal D., Chen B.-C. & Elango P. Explore/exploit schemes for web content optimization. Proc. of ICDM2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICDM.2009.52 (2009).10.1109/ICDM.2009.52Sutton R. S. & Barto A.G. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. (The MIT Press, Massachusetts, 1998).Daw N., O’Doherty J., Dayan P., Seymour B. & Dolan R. Cortical substrates for exploratory decisions in humans. Nature 441, 876–879 (2006).PMC263594716778890Auer P., Cesa-Bianchi N. & Fischer P. Finite-time analysis of the multi-armed bandit problem. Machine Learning 47, 235–256 (2002).Kim S.-J., Aono M. & Hara M. Tug-of-war model for the two-bandit problem: Nonlocally-correlated parallel exploration via resource conservation. BioSystems 101, 29–36 (2010).20399248Kim S.-J., Aono M. & Hara M. Tug-of-war model for multi-armed bandit problem. LNCS 6079, 69–80 (2010).20399248Nakagaki T., Yamada H. & Toth A. Intelligence: Maze-solving by an amoeboid organism. Nature 407, 470 (2000).11028990Kim S.-J., Naruse M., Aono M., Ohtsu M. & Hara M. Decision Maker Based on Nanoscale Photo-Excitation Transfer. Sci Rep. 3, 2370 (2013).PMC373894623928655Naruse M. et al. Decision making based on optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions between quantum dots. J. Appl. Phys. 116, 154303 (2014).Diamanti E., Takesue H., Honjo T., Inoue K. & Yamamoto Y. Performance of various quantum key distribution systems using 1.55 μm up-conversion single-photon detectors. Phys. Rev. A 72, 052311 (2005).Ladd T. D., Jelezko F., Laflamme R., Nakamura Y., Monroe C. & O’Brien J. L. Quantum computers. Nature 464, 45–53 (2010).20203602Aspuru-Guzik A. & Walther P. Photonic quantum simulators. Nature Phys. 8, 285–291 (2012).Aaronson S. Read the fine print. Nature Phys 11, 291–293 (2015).Briegel H. & De las Cuevas G. Projective simulation for artificial intelligence. Sci. Rep. 2, 1038 (2012).PMC335175422590690Robbins H. Some aspects of the sequential design of experiments. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 58, 527–536 (1952).Thompson W. On the likelihood that one unknown probability exceeds another in view of the evidence of two samples. Biometrika 25, 285–294 (1933).Beveratos A., Brouri R., Gacoin T., Poizat J.-P. & Grangier P. Nonclassical radiation from diamond nanocrystals. Phys. Rev. A 64, 061802 (2001).Dumeige Y. et al. Photo-induced creation of nitrogen-related color centers in diamond nanocrystals under femtosecond illumination. J. Lumin. 109, 61–67 (2004).Davis R. I. & Burns A. A survey of hard real-time scheduling for multiprocessor systems. ACM Computing Surveys 43, 35 (2011).Matthews J. C., Politi A., Stefanov A. & O’Brien J. L. Manipulation of multiphoton entanglement in waveguide quantum circuits. Nature Photon 3, 346–350 (2009).Peruzzo A., Laing A., Politi A., Rudolph T. & O’Brien, J. L. Multimode quantum interference of photons in multiport integrated devices. Nature Commun 2, 224 (2011).PMC307210021364563Kawazoe T., Tanaka S. & Ohtsu M. A single-photon emitter using excitation energy transfer between quantum dots. J. Nanophoton 2, 029502 (2008).Naruse M., Tate N., Aono M. & Ohtsu M. Information physics fundamentals of nanophotonics. Rep. Prog. Phys. 76, 056401 (2013).23574991Brunner D., Soriano M. C., Mirasso C. R. & Fischer I. Parallel photonic information processing at gigabyte per second data rates using transient states. Nat. Commun. 4, 1364 (2013).PMC356245423322052Utsunomiya S., Takata K. & Yamamoto Y. Mapping of Ising models onto injection-locked laser systems. Opt. Express 19, 18091–18108 (2011).21935175Wu K. et al. An optical fibre network oracle for NP-complete problems. Light Sci. Appl. 3, e147 (2014).Rondin L. et al. Surface-induced charge state conversion of nitrogen-vacancy defects in nanodiamonds. Phys. Rev. B 82, 115449 (2010).Sonnefraud Y. et al. Diamond nanocrystals hosting single nitrogen-vacancy color centers sorted by photon-correlation near-field microscopy. Opt. Lett. 33, 611–613 (2008).18347726Berthel M. et al. Photophysics of single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond nanocrystals. Phys. Rev. B 91, 035308 (2015).251132392015042220240321

2045-232242014Aug12Scientific reportsSci RepChaotic oscillation and random-number generation based on nanoscale optical-energy transfer.60396039603910.1038/srep06039By using nanoscale energy-transfer dynamics and density matrix formalism, we demonstrate theoretically and numerically that chaotic oscillation and random-number generation occur in a nanoscale system. The physical system consists of a pair of quantum dots (QDs), with one QD smaller than the other, between which energy transfers via optical near-field interactions. When the system is pumped by continuous-wave radiation and incorporates a timing delay between two energy transfers within the system, it emits optical pulses. We refer to such QD pairs as nano-optical pulsers (NOPs). Irradiating an NOP with external periodic optical pulses causes the oscillating frequency of the NOP to synchronize with the external stimulus. We find that chaotic oscillation occurs in the NOP population when they are connected by an external time delay. Moreover, by evaluating the time-domain signals by statistical-test suites, we confirm that the signals are sufficiently random to qualify the system as a random-number generator (RNG). This study reveals that even relatively simple nanodevices that interact locally with each other through optical energy transfer at scales far below the wavelength of irradiating light can exhibit complex oscillatory dynamics. These findings are significant for applications such as ultrasmall RNGs.NaruseMakotoMPhotonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.KimSong-JuSJWPI Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.AonoMasashiM1] Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguru-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan [2] PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.HoriHirokazuHInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.OhtsuMotoichiMDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20140812

EnglandSci Rep1015632882045-232220145720147252014813602014813602014813612014812epublish25113239PMC412941810.1038/srep06039srep06039Brown E. N., Kass R. E. & Mitra P. P. Multiple neural spike train data analysis: state-of-the-art and future challenges. Nat. Neurosci. 7, 456–61 (2004).15114358Takahashi J. S. & Zatz M. Regulation of circadian rhythmicity. Science 217, 1104–1111 (1982).6287576Aono M., Hirata Y., Hara M. & Aihara K. Amoeba-based chaotic neurocomputing: combinatorial optimization by coupled biological oscillators. New Generation Comput. 27, 129–157 (2009).Hirata Y., Aono M., Hara M. & Aihara K. Spontaneous mode switching in coupled oscillators competing for constant amounts of resources. Chaos 20, 013117 (2010).20370272Knuth D. The Art of Computer Programming. (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1997).Uchida A. et al. Fast physical random bit generation with chaotic semiconductor lasers. Nat. Photonics 2, 728–732 (2008).Meteopolis N. & Ulam S. The Monte Carlo method. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 44, 335–341 (1949).18139350Naruse M. et al. Spatiotemporal dynamics in optical energy transfer on the nanoscale and its application to constraint satisfaction problems. Phys. Rev. B 86, 125407 (2012).Aono M. et al. Amoeba-inspired nanoarchitectonic computing: solving intractable computational problems using nanoscale photoexcitation transfer dynamics. Langmuir 29, 7557–7564 (2013).23565603Kim S.-J., Naruse M., Aono M., Ohtsu M. & Hara M. Decision maker based on nanoscale photo-excitation transfer. Sci. Rep. 3, 2370 (2013).PMC373894623928655Sangu S., Kobayashi K., Shojiguchi A., Kawazoe T. & Ohtsu M. Excitation energy transfer and population dynamics in a quantum dot system induced by optical near-field interaction. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 2937 (2003).12787093Zurita-Sánchez J. R. & Novotny L. Multipolar interband absorption in a semiconductor quantum dot. I. Electric quadrupole enhancement. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 1355–1362 (2002).Cox J. D., Singh M. R., Gumbs G., Anton M. A. & Carreno F. Dipole-dipole interaction between a quantum dot and a graphene nanodisk. Phys. Rev. B 86, 125452 (2012).Racknor C., Singh M. R., Zhang Y., Birch D. J. S. & Chen Y. Methods, energy transfer between a biological labeling dye and gold nanorods. Appl. Fluoresc. 2, 015002 (2014).29148456Naruse M., Tate N., Aono M. & Ohtsu M. Information physics fundamentals of nanophotonics. Rep. Prog. Phys. 76, 056401 (2013).23574991Pistol C., Dwyer C. & Lebeck A. R. Nanoscale optical computing using resonance energy transfer logic. IEEE Micro 28, 7–18 (2008).Haykin S. Communication Systems. (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2001).Shojiguchi A., Kobayashi K., Sangu S., Kitahara K. & Ohtsu M. Superradiance and dipole ordering of an N two-level system interacting with optical near fields. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 72, 2984–3001 (2003).Naruse M., Hori H., Kobayashi K., Kawazoe T. & Ohtsu M. Optical pulsation mechanism based on optical near-field interactions. Appl. Phys. B 102, 717–723 (2011).Cencini M., Cecconi F. & Vulpiani A. Chaos from simple models to complex systems. (World Scientific, Singapore, 2009).Ohtsubo J. Semiconductor Lasers, Stability, Instability and Chaos. (Springer, Heidelberg, 2013).Uchida A. Optical Communication with Chaotic Lasers. (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2012).Haken H. Light, Volume 2 Laser Light Dynamics. (North-Holland Physics Publishing, Amsterdam, 1985).VanWiggeren G. D. & Roy R. Communication with chaotic lasers. Science 279, 1198–1200 (1998).9469808Argyris A. et al. Chaos-based communications at high bit rates using commercial fibre-optic links. Nature 438, 343–346 (2005).16292256Kanter I., Aviad Y., Reidler I., Cohen E. & Rosenbluh M. An optical ultrafast random bit generator. Nat. Photonics 4, 58–61 (2010).Albert F. et al. Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback. Nat. Commun. 2, 366 (2011).21694714Ohtsu M. & Hori H. Near-Field Nano-Optics. (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publisher, New York, 1999).Kawazoe T., Mueed M. A. & Ohtsu M. Highly efficient and broadband Si homojunction structured near-infrared light emitting diodes based on the phonon-assisted optical near-field process. Appl. Phys. B 104, 747–754 (2011).Kawazoe T., Ohtsu M., Akahane K. & Yamamoto N. Si homojunction structured near-infrared laser based on a phonon-assisted process. Appl. Phys. B 107, 659–663 (2012).Naruse M., Kawazoe T., Sangu S., Kobayashi K. & Ohtsu M. Optical interconnects based on optical far- and near-field interactions for high-density data broadcasting. Opt. Express. 14, 306–313 (2006).19503344Akahane K. et al. Energy transfer in multi-stacked InAs quantum dots. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 50, 04DH05 (2011).Somers R. C., Snee P. T., Bawendi M. G. & Nocera D. G. Energy transfer of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals encapsulated with rhodamine-dye functionalized poly(acrylic acid). J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 248, 24 (2012).PMC405074324926175Yatsui T., Jeong H. & Ohtsu M. Controlling the energy transfer between near-field optically coupled ZnO quantum dots. Appl. Phys. B 93, 199–202 (2008).Carmichael H. J. Statistical Methods in Quantum Optics 1. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999).Li P., Silveira L. M. & Feldmann P. (eds.) Simulation and Verification of Electronic and Biological Systems. (Springer, Heidelberg, 2011).Lang R. Injection locking properties of a semiconductor laser. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18, 976–983 (1982).Wolf A., Swift J. B., Swinney H. L. & Vastano J. A. Determining Lyapunov exponents from a time series. Physica D 16, 285–317 (1985).Ruhin A. et al. A Statistical Test Suite for Random and Pseudorandom Number Generators for Cryptographic Applications. Computer Security National Institute of Standards and Technology. http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/rng/documents/SP800-22rev1a.pdf, (2010) (Date of access:2/7/2014).Kim S.-J., Umeno K. & Hasegawa A. Corrections of the NIST statistical test suite for randomness. Cryptography ePrint Archive 2004/018 (2004).FIPS PUB 140-2. Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules. U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology. http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips140-2/fips1402.pdf, (2001) (Date of access:2/7/2014).Kim S.-J., Umeno K. & Hasegawa A. FIPS 140-2 statistical test suite has inappropriate significance levels. ISM Report on Research and Education 17, 326–327 (2003).The Marsaglia Random Number CDROM including the Diehard Battery of Tests of Randomness. http://stat.fsu.edu/pub/diehard/, (1995) (Date of access:2/7/2014).Hasegawa A., Kim S.-J. & Umeno K. IP core of statistical test suite of FIPS PUB 140-2. Proc. of IP Based SoC Design 2003, 111–114 (2003).Lee J. S., Choi P., Kim S.-J., Choi B. D. & Kim D. K. Built-in hardware random number test module for physical unclonable functions. NOLTA 5, 101–112 (2014).Ikezoe Y., Kim S.-J., Yamashita I. & Hara M. Random number generation for two-dimensional crystal of protein molecules. Langmuir 25, 4293–4297 (2009).19366215Ikezoe Y., Kim S.-J., Kim D., Lee S. B. & Hara M. Nanoscale shuffling in a template-assisted self-assembly of binary colloidal particles. J. Nanosci. Nanotechno. 12, 2934–2938 (2012).22755145Naruse M. et al. Autonomy in excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions and its implications for information networking. Nano Commun. Net. 2, 189–195 (2011).Reitzenstein S. et al. Coherent photonic coupling of semiconductor quantum dots. Opt. Lett. 31, 1738–1740 (2006).16688279Laucht A. et al. Mutual coupling of two semiconductor quantum dots via an optical nanocavity. Phys. Rev. B 82, 075305 (2010).Albert F. et al. Microcavity controlled coupling of excitonic qubits. Nat. Commun. 4, 1747 (2013).PMC364408623612288Nomura W., Yatsui T., Kawazoe T., Naruse M. & Ohtsu M. Structural dependency of optical excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions between semiconductor quantum dots. Appl. Phys. B 100, 181 (2010).Kawazoe T., Kobayashi K. & Ohtsu M. Optical nanofountain: A biomimetic device that concentrates optical energy in a nanometric region. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103102 (2005).Franzl T., Klar T. A., Schietinger S., Rogach A. L. & Feldmann J. Exciton recycling in graded gap nanocrystal structures. Nano Lett. 4, 1599 (2004).Naruse M. et al. Analysis of optical near-field energy transfer by stochastic model unifying architectural dependencies. J. Appl. Phys. 115, 154306 (2014).Naruse M., Inoue T. & Hori H. Analysis and synthesis of hierarchy in optical near-field interactions at the nanoscale based on angular spectrum. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 6095–6103 (2007).241040782014060320181023

1094-408721192013Sep23Optics expressOpt ExpressOptical near-field-mediated polarization asymmetry induced by two-layer nanostructures.218572187021857-7010.1364/OE.21.021857We demonstrate that a two-layer shape-engineered nanostructure exhibits asymmetric polarization conversion efficiency thanks to near-field interactions. We present a rigorous theoretical foundation based on an angular-spectrum representation of optical near-fields that takes account of the geometrical features of the proposed device architecture and gives results that agree well with electromagnetic numerical simulations. The principle used here exploits the unique intrinsic optical near-field processes associated with nanostructured matter, while eliminating the need for conventional scanning optical fiber probing tips, paving the way to novel nanophotonic devices and systems.NaruseMakotoMTateNaoyaNOhyagiYasuyukiYHogaMorihisaMMatsumotoTsutomuTHoriHirokazuHDrezetAurélienAHuantSergeSOhtsuMotoichiMengJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

United StatesOpt Express1011371031094-4087201310106020131010602013101061ppublish2410407810.1364/OE.21.021857263807235656032014010620130618

1520-582729242013Jun18Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloidsLangmuirAmoeba-inspired nanoarchitectonic computing: solving intractable computational problems using nanoscale photoexcitation transfer dynamics.755775647557-6410.1021/la400301pBiologically inspired computing devices and architectures are expected to overcome the limitations of conventional technologies in terms of solving computationally demanding problems, adapting to complex environments, reducing energy consumption, and so on. We previously demonstrated that a primitive single-celled amoeba (a plasmodial slime mold), which exhibits complex spatiotemporal oscillatory dynamics and sophisticated computing capabilities, can be used to search for a solution to a very hard combinatorial optimization problem. We successfully extracted the essential spatiotemporal dynamics by which the amoeba solves the problem. This amoeba-inspired computing paradigm can be implemented by various physical systems that exhibit suitable spatiotemporal dynamics resembling the amoeba's problem-solving process. In this Article, we demonstrate that photoexcitation transfer phenomena in certain quantum nanostructures mediated by optical near-field interactions generate the amoebalike spatiotemporal dynamics and can be used to solve the satisfiability problem (SAT), which is the problem of judging whether a given logical proposition (a Boolean formula) is self-consistent. SAT is related to diverse application problems in artificial intelligence, information security, and bioinformatics and is a crucially important nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-complete problem, which is believed to become intractable for conventional digital computers when the problem size increases. We show that our amoeba-inspired computing paradigm dramatically outperforms a conventional stochastic search method. These results indicate the potential for developing highly versatile nanoarchitectonic computers that realize powerful solution searching with low energy consumption.AonoMasashiMFlucto-Order Functions Research Team, RIKEN-HYU Collaboration Research Center, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan. masashi.aono@elsi.jpNaruseMakotoMKimSong-JuSJWakabayashiMasamitsuMHoriHirokazuHOhtsuMotoichiMHaraMasahikoMengJournal Article20130408

United StatesLangmuir98827360743-7463IMAmoebaphysiologyAnimalsNanostructuresQuantum Dots20134106020134106020141760ppublish2356560310.1021/la400301p228473922013012320211021

1879-112323102012OctJournal of the American Society for Mass SpectrometryJ Am Soc Mass SpectromAnalysis of renal cell carcinoma as a first step for developing mass spectrometry-based diagnostics.174117491741-9Immediate diagnosis of human specimen is an essential prerequisites in medical routines. This study aimed to establish a novel cancer diagnostics system based on probe electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (PESI-MS) combined with statistical data processing. PESI-MS uses a very fine acupuncture needle as a probe for sampling as well as for ionization. To demonstrate the applicability of PESI-MS for cancer diagnosis, we analyzed nine cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) by PESI-MS and processed the data by principal components analysis (PCA). Our system successfully delineated the differences in lipid composition between non-cancerous and cancerous regions. In this case, triacylglycerol (TAG) was reproducibly detected in the cancerous tissue of nine different individuals, the result being consistent with well-known profiles of ccRCC. Moreover, this system enabled us to detect the boundaries of cancerous regions based on the expression of TAG. These results strongly suggest that PESI-MS will be applicable to cancer diagnosis, especially when the number of data is augmented.YoshimuraKentaroKDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan.ChenLee ChuinLCMandalMridul KantiMKNakazawaTadaoTYuZhanZUchiyamaTakahitoTHoriHirokazuHTanabeKunioKKubotaTakeoTFujiiHidekiHKatohRyoheiRHiraokaKenzoKTakedaSenSengJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20120731

United StatesJ Am Soc Mass Spectrom90104121044-03050Phospholipids0TriglyceridesIMCarcinoma, Renal CellchemistrydiagnosisHistocytochemistrymethodsHumansKidneychemistryKidney NeoplasmschemistrydiagnosisMolecular ImagingmethodsPhospholipidschemistryPrincipal Component AnalysisReproducibility of ResultsSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationmethodsTriglycerideschemistry20125112012752012752012816020128160201312460ppublish2284739210.1007/s13361-012-0447-2Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 1999;13(17):1755-6110455245J Mass Spectrom. 2009 Jun;44(6):978-8519306264Biochem J. 1966 Dec;101(3):792-81016742460Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Aug 9;49(34):5953-620602384Anal Chem. 1996 Jan 1;68(1):1-88779426J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2009 Sep 15;877(26):2830-519570730Science. 2004 Oct 15;306(5695):471-315486296Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 May 1;382(2):419-2319285958J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):16695-70311278988Anal Chem. 2005 Apr 15;77(8):2297-30215828760Anal Chem. 2010 Sep 1;82(17):7343-5020681559Neurosurgery. 2011 Feb;68(2):280-89; discussion 29021135749Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Sep 19;702(1):1-1521819855J Cell Biol. 1999 May 17;145(4):825-3610330409J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2009 Dec;20(12):2304-1119815427Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Dec;4(12):2985-909865910Clin Lab Med. 2005 Jun;25(2):305-1615848738Anal Biochem. 2011 Oct 15;417(2):195-20121741944Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Feb;396(3):1273-8019937430Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2008 Aug;22(15):2366-7418623622J Mass Spectrom. 2009 Oct;44(10):1469-7719685483Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2007;21(18):3139-4417708527Science. 1989 Oct 6;246(4926):64-712675315Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Nov;1808(11):2638-4521810406Lipids. 2005 Oct;40(10):1057-6216382578Acta Cytol. 1971 Jan-Feb;15(1):31-34100791Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 1;66(13):6816-2516818659211650872011032920181023

1094-408718 Suppl 42010Nov08Optics expressOpt ExpressLower bound of energy dissipation in optical excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions.A544A553A544-5310.1364/OE.18.00A544We theoretically analyzed the lower bound of energy dissipation required for optical excitation transfer from smaller quantum dots to larger ones via optical near-field interactions. The coherent interaction between two quantum dots via optical near-fields results in unidirectional excitation transfer by an energy dissipation process occurring in the larger dot. We investigated the lower bound of this energy dissipation, or the intersublevel energy difference at the larger dot, when the excitation appearing in the larger dot originated from the excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions. We demonstrate that the energy dissipation could be as low as 25 μeV. Compared with the bit flip energy of an electrically wired device, this is about 10⁴ times more energy efficient. The achievable integration density of nanophotonic devices is also analyzed based on the energy dissipation and the error ratio while assuming a Yukawa-type potential for the optical near-field interactions.NaruseMakotoMNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan. naruse@nict.go.jpHoriHirokazuHKobayashiKiyoshiKHolmströmPetterPThylénLarsLOhtsuMotoichiMengJournal Article

United StatesOpt Express1011371031094-4087201012186020101218602010121861ppublish2116508710.1364/OE.18.00A544206125186987042008100320080902

1520-6106112352008Sep04The journal of physical chemistry. BJ Phys Chem BCharacteristics of probe electrospray generated from a solid needle.111641117011164-7010.1021/jp803730xProbe electrospray ionization (PESI) has recently been developed, in which the electrospray was generated from a solid needle instead of by using a capillary. In this paper, the characteristics of probe electrospray ionization were studied based on the measurement of spray current, optical microscopy, and PESI mass spectrometry. In the experiment, the solid needle was moved up and down a vertical axis, and a small amount of sample was repeatedly loaded to the needle when the tip of the needle touched the surface of the liquid sample at the lowest position. After the application of high voltage, a liquid droplet was formed on the tip of the solid needle probe, with its size was determined by the size of the needle tip. The liquid flow rate to the tip, as indicated by the spray current, depends on the voltage applied to the needle as well as the loaded liquid amount. Stable electrospray can be maintained until the total consumption of liquid sample. The kilohertz current pulsation takes place in the case of overloading the sample to the needle. The influences of the applied voltage and the liquid flow rate on the PESI mass spectra were also examined.ChenLee ChuinLCClean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, Takeda 4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan.NishidateKentaroKSaitoYutaYMoriKunihikoKAsakawaDaikiDTakedaSenSKubotaTakeoTHoriHirokazuHHiraokaKenzoKengJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20080812

United StatesJ Phys Chem B1011575301520-5207IMLasersNeedlesSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationinstrumentationTime Factors200881490200810490200881490ppublish1869870410.1021/jp803730x186236222008091020111117

0951-419822152008AugRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCMRapid Commun Mass SpectromApplication of probe electrospray to direct ambient analysis of biological samples.236623742366-7410.1002/rcm.3626Recently, we have developed probe electrospray ionization (PESI) that uses a solid needle. In this system, the probe needle moves up and down along the vertical axis by a motor-driven system. At the highest position of the probe needle, electrospray is generated by applying a high voltage. In this study, we applied PESI directly to biological samples such as urine, mouse brain, mouse liver, salmon egg, and fruits (orange, banana, etc.). Strong ion signals for almost all the samples were obtained. The amount of liquid sample picked up by the needle is as small as pL or less, making PESI a promising non-invasive technique for detecting biomolecules in living systems such as cells. Therefore, PESI may be useful as a versatile and ready-to-use semi-online analytical tool in the fields of medicine, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food science, etc.Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.ChenLee ChuinLCClean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, Takeda- 4, Kofu 400-8511, Japan.NishidateKentaroKSaitoYutaYMoriKunihikoKAsakawaDaikiDTakedaSenSKubotaTakeoTTeradaNobuoNHashimotoYutakaYHoriHirokazuHHiraokaKenzoKengJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

EnglandRapid Commun Mass Spectrom88023650951-41980Insulin1405-97-6GramicidinIMAnimalsBiologymethodsBrain ChemistryBreast FeedingCattleCitrus sinensischemistryEggsanalysisFemaleGramicidinanalysisHumansInsulinanalysisLiverchemistryMiceMilkchemistryMilk, HumanchemistryMusachemistrySalmonanatomy & histologySensitivity and SpecificitySpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationinstrumentationmethodsUrinechemistry200871690200891190200871690ppublish1862362210.1002/rcm.3626180229622008022520121115

0951-419821242007Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCMRapid Commun Mass SpectromMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using a visible laser.412941344129-34Visible matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (VIS-MALDI) was performed using 2-amino-3-nitrophenol as matrix. The matrix is of near-neutral pH, and has an optical absorption band in the near-UV and visible region. A frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser operated at 532 nm wavelength was used for matrix excitation and comparisons were made with a frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser (355 nm). Visible and ultraviolet (UV)-MALDI produce similar mass spectra for peptides, polymers, and small proteins with comparable sensitivities. Due to the smaller optical absorption coefficient of the matrix at 532 nm wavelength, the optical penetration depth is larger, and the sample consumption per laser shot in VIS-MALDI is higher than that of UV-MALDI. Nevertheless, VIS-MALDI using 2-amino-3-nitrophenol as matrix may offer a complementary technique to the conventional UV-MALDI method in applications where deeper laser penetration is required.Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.ChenLee ChuinLCInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu 400-8511, Japan.AsakawaDaikiDHoriHirokazuHHiraokaKenzoKengJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

EnglandRapid Commun Mass Spectrom88023650951-41980Nitrophenols9002-60-2Adrenocorticotropic Hormone9041-90-1Angiotensin IG501UCI6T92-amino-4-nitrophenolIMAdrenocorticotropic HormonechemistryAngiotensin IchemistryNitrophenolschemistrySpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionizationmethods20071121902008226902007112190ppublish1802296210.1002/rcm.3315trying2...
Publications by Hirokazu Hori | LitMetric

Publications by authors named "Hirokazu Hori"

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Regression Study of Odorant Chemical Space, Molecular Structural Diversity, and Natural Language Description.

Yuki Harada Shuichi Maeda Junwei Shen Taku Misonou Hirokazu Hori

ACS Omega

June 2024

Odor is analyzed on the human olfactometry systems in various steps. The mapping from chemical structures to olfactory perceptions of smell is an extremely challenging task. Scientists have been unable to find a measure to distinguish the perceptual similarity between odorants.