Performance improvements of virtual monoenergetic images in photon-counting detector CT compared with dual source dual-energy CT: Fourier-based assessment.

To confirm the performance improvement of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) for iodine contrast tasks in a clinical photon-counting detector CT (PCD CT) using Fourier-based assessment, compared with those in the latest-generation dual-source dual-energy CT (DECT). A water-filled bath with a diameter of 300 mm, which contains rod-shaped phantoms equivalent to diluted iodine (2 and 12 mg/mL), was scanned using PCD CT and DECT at 15, 7.5, and 3 mGy.

Simultaneous Injection of Contrast and Saline Using Spiral Flow-Generating Tube for Hepatic Dynamic Computed Tomography: Effect on Enhancement of Liver Parenchyma and Metastases to the Liver.

Purpose: Recently, there have been a few reports regarding the usefulness of a novel saline injection technique using a spiral flow-generating tube. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether simultaneous saline injection using a spiral flow-generating tube was able to improve hepatic contrast enhancement and lesion conspicuity of metastatic liver tumors.

Methods: We randomized a total of 411 patients with various liver diseases including metastases by total body weight (A, n = 204) and contrast dilution protocol (B, n = 207).

Virtual monochromatic images of dual-energy CT as an alternative to single-energy CT: performance comparison using a detectability index for different acquisition techniques.

Objectives: To investigate the performance of virtual monochromatic (VM) images with the same dose and iodine contrast as those for single-energy (SE) images using five dual-energy (DE) scanners with DE techniques: two generations of fast kV switching (FKS), two generations of dual source (DS), and one split filter (SF).

Methods: A water-bath phantom with a diameter of 300 mm, which contains one rod-shaped phantom made of a material equivalent to soft-tissue and two rod-shaped phantoms made of diluted iodine (2 and 12 mg/mL), was scanned using both SE (120, 100, and 80 kV) and DE techniques with the same CT dose index in each scanner. The VM energy at which the CT number of the iodine rod is closest to that of each SE tube voltage was determined as the equivalent energy (Eeq).

Clinical utility of combined assessments of 4D volumetric perfusion CT, diffusion-weighted MRI and F-FDG PET-CT for the prediction of outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Multiparametric imaging has been seen as a route to improved prediction of chemoradiotherapy treatment outcomes. Four-dimensional volumetric perfusion CT (4D PCT) is useful for whole-organ perfusion measurement, as it reflects the heterogeneity of the tumor and its perfusion parameters. However, there has been no study using multiparametric imaging including 4D PCT for the prognostic prediction of chemoradiotherapy.

Racemose hemangioma revealed by massive intraoperative hemorrhage: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Bronchial arterial racemose hemangioma is considered to be a type of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). We encountered an extremely rare case of racemose hemangioma, which was identified because of massive bleeding during lung cancer surgery.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old man was suspected of having lung cancer and underwent a right upper lobectomy.

Technical Note: Performance comparison of ultra-high-resolution scan modes of two clinical computed tomography systems.

Purpose: Two ultra-high-resolution (UHR) computed tomography (CT) scanners are clinically available. One is achieved by a CT system with a 0.25 mm × 160 row detector (Detector-UHR), whereas the other is with a 0.

Quality evaluation of image-based iterative reconstruction for CT: Comparison with hybrid iterative reconstruction.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical image quality of a commercially available image-based iterative reconstruction (IIR) system for two object contrasts to resemble a soft tissue (60 HU) and an enhanced vessel (270 HU), and compare the results with those of filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR). A 192-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner was used for data acquisitions. IIR images were processed from the FBP images.

Diagnostic Performance of Adaptive 4D Volume Perfusion CT for Detecting Metastatic Cervical Lymph Nodes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of adaptive 4D volume perfusion CT covering the entire neck for detecting metastatic nodes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty patients with histologically confirmed disease were enrolled. The relation between perfusion parameters and nodal size was analyzed, and perfusion parameters were compared between metastatic and benign nodes.

Method for determining the half-value layer in computed tomography scans using a real-time dosimeter: Application to dual-source dual-energy acquisition.

Purpose: We have proposed a method for determining the half-value layers (HVL) in dual-source dual-energy computed tomography (DS-DECT) scans without the need for the X-ray tubes to be fixed.

Methods: A custom-made lead-covered case and an ionizing chamber connected with a multi-function digitizer module (a real-time dosimeter) were used. The chamber was placed in the center of the case, and aluminum or copper filters were placed in front of the aperture.