Development of small-scale water fluoridation equipment.

Purpose: A water fluoridation program launched in the United States in 1945 has become a worldwide application for caries prevention. Although such a program is important in Japan, water fluoridation in large communities has not been established. This study aimed to develop safe small-scale water fluoride equipment that can be easily used to carry out water fluoridation programs in areas with children in long-term care facilities, and in developing countries without water supply facilities.

Anti-demineralization effect of desensitizer containing copolymer and sodium fluoride on root dentin - a transverse microradiographic study.

To evaluate anti-demineralization effects of dentin desensitizer containing sodium fluoride and methacrylate-co-p-styrene sulfonic acid (MS polymer) on root dentin using transverse microradiography (TMR). Twenty-four dentin specimens were divided into four groups: MSO (no fluoride), MSF (3000 ppm F), FJL (9000 ppm F), and Control. In MSO and MSF, each desensitizer was rubbed into the dentin surfaces for 10 s then left for 20 s.

Micromolar sodium fluoride mediates anti-osteoclastogenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss.

Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors. Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption.

IL-1β-mediated up-regulation of DEC1 in human gingiva cells via the Akt pathway.

Growing evidence indicates that inflammation is a contributing factor leading to cancer development. However, pathways involved in this progression are not well understood. The involvement of DEC1 in cancer prompted us to examine whether pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces the expression of DEC1 in oral inflammation.

Relationship between Duration of Fluoride Exposure in School-Based Fluoride Mouthrinsing and Effects on Prevention and Control of Dental Caries.

The objective of this paper was to assess the effects of school-based fluoride mouthrinsing (S-FMR: weekly using 0.2% NaF solution) in two groups of school children with different periods of exposure to S-FMR in elementary school. Subjects were the S-FMR group consisted of 599 children, participated for six years.

Correlation of dental health behavior with health awareness and subjective symptoms in a rural population in Japan.

The aim of this study was to determine the association of dental health behavior with health awareness, oral condition, and subjective symptoms in Japan. The present study included 1699 individuals who underwent dental checkups at the public health center of Miura City. All those who underwent dental checkups were asked to fill out a questionnaire.

Fluoride-treated bio-resorbable synthetic nonceramic [corrected] hydroxyapatite promotes proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblastic MG-63 cells.

When resorbable hydroxyapatite (HA) granules, which are used as a bone supplement material, were treated in neutral 4% sodium fluoride (NaF) solution, formation of a reactant resembling calcium fluoride was observed on the surface of the granules. Immediate and slow release of fluoride from fluoridated HA (HA+F) granules was observed after immersion in culture fluid, and the concentration increased over time to 1.25 ± 0.

Involvement of HMGB1 and RAGE in IL-1β-induced gingival inflammation.

Objective: Extracellularly released high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein behaves as a cytokine, promotes inflammation and participates in the pathogenesis of several disorders in peripheral organs. The role of HMGB1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expressed in gingival inflammatory tissues was explored.

Methods: Real time PCR was applied to assay HMGB1 and RAGE mRNA expression in gingival epithelial and fibroblast cells induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β).

Fluoride Retention following the Professional Topical Application of 2% Neutral Sodium Fluoride Foam.

The objective of the present research was to determine the appropriate amount of fluoride to use professional topical application and the residual amounts of fluoride in the oral cavity using a 2% neutral sodium fluoride (NaF) foam with a dedicated tray. Using dentition study models, a method for determining the appropriate amount of NaF foam was investigated. In eight adult subjects, the appropriate amount of NaF foam, the concentration of fluoride in the saliva following professional topical application, and the amount of residual fluoride in the oral cavity following professional topical application was examined.

Low concentration fluoride stimulates cell motility of epithelial cells in vitro.

Oral mucosal tissue can serve as a long-term fluoride reservoir following topical application and retain a small amount of fluoride in oral environment for prevention of dental caries. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of low level sodium fluoride (NaF) on the proliferation and migration of epithelial cells in vitro. Human primary gingival epithelial cells and human epidermal HaCaT keratinocytes were used.

Screening of periodontitis with salivary enzyme tests.

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of salivary biochemical markers for the screening of periodontal disease and examine the agreement between the results of saliva enzyme tests and those of probing depth. The present study included a total of 187 subjects who underwent annual medical check-ups at the Comprehensive Health Care Center, Honjo, Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Periodontal pocket probing was performed with a WHO probe, and various enzymes and biochemical parameters in saliva were measured.

Study of the clinical usefulness of a dental drug system for selective reduction of mutans streptococci using a case series.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a dental drug delivery system (3DS) for the selective reduction of mutans streptococci. Twenty patients with high levels of mutans streptococci in saliva participated. The efficacy of 0.

Nondestructive testing in human teeth using a leaky Lamb wave device.

A Lamb wave interdigital transducer mounted on a layered substrate composed of two plates, a thin piezoelectric ceramic plate and an acrylic plate, operating at a liquid-solid boundary, is investigated for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of the layer thickness in human teeth. A higher-order mode having a phase velocity higher than the longitudinal wave velocity in the human teeth can be used for nondestructive testing. In the combination of the two layers, the fourth mode of leaky Lamb wave is most favorable for a frequency-controllable radiation angle of an ultrasound beam into a water layer as an acoustic coupler.

Correlation between patient satisfaction and dental clinic credibility in regular dental check-ups in Japan.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental clinic credibility and patient satisfaction with regular dental check-ups, to compare the level of satisfaction of patients who had regular check-ups with those who did not, and to identify factors associated with regular dental checkups. Thirty-nine private dental clinics in 17 prefectures throughout Japan participated in this study. A total of 9024 questionnaires were distributed to the patients at these clinics, and patients returned the questionnaires using a pre-paid envelope (response rate 56.