Guidance of clinical management for patients with tonsillar focal disease.

Tonsillar focal diseases (TFDs) are defined as "diseases caused by organic and/or functional damage in organs distant from tonsil, and the disease outcome is improved by tonsillectomy." Although several reports and reviews have shown the efficacy of tonsillectomy for TFDs, no guidelines for the clinical management of the diagnosis and treatment of TFDs have been reported. Therefore, the Society of Stomato-pharyngology established a committee to guide the clinical management of patients with TFDs, and the original guide was published in May 2023.

[Clinical effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain L-55-contained yogurt on symptoms of Japanese cedar pollen allergy].

Background: It has been reported that oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain L-55 (L-55) suppressed nasal symptom and antigen-specific IgE induced by antigen challenge in mice. We investigated clinical effects of L-55-contained yogurt on symptoms and IgE production in the patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis.

Method: The study was performed as a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial.

Abnormalities of glycogenes in tonsillar lymphocytes in IgA nephropathy.

Glycosylation, which represents the most complex post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role during protein maturation, and is orchestrated by numerous glycosyltransferases. Aberrant O-glycosylation of serum and tonsillar IgA1 is presumed to be one of the pathogeneses of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the synthesis of underglycosylated IgA1 in tonsils has not yet been characterized.

Differential expression of glycogenes in tonsillar B lymphocytes in association with proteinuria and renal dysfunction in IgA nephropathy.

Aberrant O-glycosylation of serum and tonsillar IgA1 is one of the main pathogeneses of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the synthesis of underglycosylated IgA1 in tonsils has not yet been characterized. This study examined tonsillar B lymphocytes of IgAN (n=34) using tonsils derived from patients with chronic tonsillitis (n=24) and sleep apnea syndrome (n=14) as a control.

Expression of IL-12 and T helper cell 1 cytokines in the fluid of paranasal sinus mucoceles.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the expression of regulatory cytokines and T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 cytokines in paranasal sinus mucoceles.

Materials And Methods: Fluid samples of 12 paranasal sinus mucoceles were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for concentrations of regulatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-10 and IL-12), Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and interferon gamma), and Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5).

Results: IL-12 was detected in all samples, whereas IL-10 was detected in only one case.

Adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the head and neck: Report of five cases.

Objective: Adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a rare tumor, and thus the management of the tumor has not been established.

Methods: The retrospective review of the clinical records at Okayama University was performed.

Results: We present five cases of adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the head and neck, including a rare case with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.

Abnormal direction of internal auditory canal and vestibulocochlear nerve.

Several internal auditory canal (IAC) anomalies have been reported. To our knowledge, only one case with an abnormal direction of the IAC has been reported in an infant with Pierre Robin syndrome. In this paper, we present the first report of two non-syndromic cases with abnormal IAC direction.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the parotid gland.

Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) arising in a major salivary gland is rare. We encountered a case of MFH affecting the parotid gland. The patient was a 54-year-old man diagnosed as having pleomorphic type of MFH after extended total parotidectomy.

Blood vascular architecture of the palatine tonsil in the musk shrew (Suncus murinus): scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts.

The musk shrew, Suncus murinus, is one of the primitive mammals and has a pair of palatine tonsils. In the present study, we investigated the blood microvascular architecture of the tonsil in this animal by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. The paranodular arterioles entered the lymph nodule to form a coarse capillary plexus within the nodule.