Assessment of Well-Being Across Menstrual Phases in Female Students.

Purpose: In this study, we determined female nursing students' physical and mental state involvement by measuring heart rate variability and salivary α-amylase activity (αAMY).

Methods: The study included 108 students aged 20-21 with regular menstrual cycles. The basal body temperature method was used to determine the menstrual phases.

Long-term wheel-running prevents reduction of grip strength in type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetic skeletal muscles show reduced contractile force and increased fatigability. Hands are a target for several diabetes-induced complications. Therefore, reduced handgrip strength often occurs as a consequence of diabetes.

Parasympathetic nervous activity is associated with oxytocin in multiparous, but not primiparous, women during the perinatal period.

Oxytocin (OXT) is thought to have antidepressant/anxiolytic effects in postpartum women. Primiparous women tend toward an attenuated lactation compared with multiparous women. However, so far, little is known about the relationship between OXT and autonomic nervous activity (ANA) in perinatal women and whether it may be different in primiparous and multiparous women.