Modular Design Platform for Activatable Fluorescence Probes Targeting Carboxypeptidases Based on ProTide Chemistry.

Carboxypeptidases (CPs) are a family of hydrolases that cleave one or more amino acids from the C-terminal of peptides or proteins and play indispensable roles in various physiological and pathological processes. However, only a few highly activatable fluorescence probes for CPs have been reported, and there is a need for a flexibly tunable molecular design platform to afford a range of fluorescence probes for CPs for biological and medical research. Here, we focused on the unique activation mechanism of ProTide-based prodrugs and established a modular design platform for CP-targeting florescence probes based on ProTide chemistry.

[Efficacy and Safety of Scalp Cooling Device RV21-01 for Suppression of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia in Breast Cancer Patients].

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the RV21-01 scalp cooling device in controlling hair loss during chemotherapy in this study. Thirty-nine breast cancer patients who underwent anthracycline- and/or taxane-based chemotherapy were assigned to the scalp cooling group(27 patients)and the hair loss observation group(12 patients). The alopecia rate using the NCI alopecia toxicity criteria and the quantitative alopecia toxicity grade was 51.

Dynamic Changes in Peripheral Systemic Immunity Markers During Chemotherapy in HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: The immune system has a pivotal role in modulating the response to chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC). However, the immune status during chemotherapy remains unclear. We evaluated the sequential changes in peripheral systemic immunity markers in BC patients treated with various chemotherapeutic agents.

Development of an intraoperative breast cancer margin assessment method using quantitative fluorescence measurements.

Breast-conserving surgery has become the preferred treatment method for breast cancer. Surgical margin assessment is performed during surgery, as it can reduce local recurrence in the preserved breast. Development of reliable and lower-cost ex vivo cancer detection methods would offer several benefits for patient care.

Rapid and Accurate Visualization of Breast Tumors with a Fluorescent Probe Targeting α-Mannosidase 2C1.

Accurate detection of breast tumors and discrimination of tumor from normal tissues during breast-conserving surgery are essential to reduce the risk of misdiagnosis or recurrence. However, existing probes show substantial background signals in normal breast tissues. In this study, we focus on glycosidase activities in breast tumors.

N-Cadherin mRNA Levels in Peripheral Blood Could Be a Potential Indicator of New Metastases in Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Background: There is growing evidence that patients with metastatic breast cancer whose disease progresses from a new metastasis (NM) have a worse prognosis than that of patients whose disease progresses from a pre-existing metastasis. The aim of this pilot study is to identify a blood biomarker predicting NM in breast cancer.

Methods: The expression of epithelial (cytokeratin 18/19) or mesenchymal (plastin-3, vimentin, and N-cadherin) markers in the peripheral blood (PB) of recurrent breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with eribulin or S-1 was measured over the course of treatment by RT-qPCR.

Erratum to immediate breast volume replacement using a free dermal fat graft after breast cancer surgery: multi-institutional joint research of short-term outcomes in 262 Japanese patients.

[This corrects the article on p. 179 in vol. 4, PMID: 26005649.

Long-term outcome of adipose-derived regenerative cell-enriched autologous fat transplantation for reconstruction after breast-conserving surgery for Japanese women with breast cancer.

Purpose: More effective methods are needed for breast reconstruction after breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer. The aim of this clinical study was to assess the perioperative and long-term outcomes of adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC)-enriched autologous fat grafting.

Methods: Ten female patients who had undergone breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer were enrolled.

Immediate breast volume replacement using a free dermal fat graft after breast cancer surgery: multi-institutional joint research of short-term outcomes in 262 Japanese patients.

Background: Immediate volume replacement using a free dermal fat graft (FDFG) has been proven safe with early postoperative benefits. The aims of the present study were to clarify adequate indications and risk factors associated with operative morbidity.

Patients And Methods: A multi-institutional analysis of partial mastectomy with immediate volume replacement with FDFG was undertaken in 14 hospitals specializing in breast cancer treatment.

F-box protein FBXW7 inhibits cancer metastasis in a non-cell-autonomous manner.

The gene encoding F-box protein FBXW7 is frequently mutated in many human cancers. Although most previous studies have focused on the tumor-suppressive capacity of FBXW7 in tumor cells themselves, we determined that FBXW7 in the host microenvironment also suppresses cancer metastasis. Deletion of Fbxw7 in murine BM-derived stromal cells induced accumulation of NOTCH and consequent transcriptional activation of Ccl2.

Diminished expression of MiR-15a is an independent prognostic marker for breast cancer cases.

Background/aim: MiR-15a targets Cyclin E1 (CCNE1), which regulates the cell cycle and promotes cell proliferation and progression. Herein, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of miR-15a as a prognostic marker in breast cancer (BC) cases.

Materials And Methods: We collected primary tumor samples of 230 BC cases, including 68 triple-negative cases.

Effects of dietary genistein on hormone-dependent rat mammary carcinogenesis induced by ethyl methanesulphonate.

Genistein, a major soy isoflavone having weak estrogenic activities, has been suggested to reduce the risk of breast cancer incidence. However, many studies have yielded inconsistent results. We investigated the effects of dietary genistein on the development of breast cancer using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) chemically induced rat model of hormone-dependent mammary carcinoma.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 mRNA overexpression in peripheral blood as a useful prognostic marker in breast cancer.

Introduction: Identification of useful markers associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients is critically needed. We previously showed that expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 mRNA in peripheral blood may be useful to predict distant metastasis in gastric cancer patients. However, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 mRNA in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients has not yet been studied.

The relevance of intrinsic subtype to clinicopathological features and prognosis in 4,266 Japanese women with breast cancer.

Background: Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2 expression status in breast cancer function as prognostic and predictive factors that enable individualized treatment. Intrinsic subtype classification has also been performed based on these and other biological and prognostic characteristics. However, clinical analysis of such subtypes in a large number of Japanese breast cancer patients has not yet been reported.

Psychosocial factors affecting the therapeutic decision-making and postoperative mood states in Japanese breast cancer patients who underwent various types of surgery: body image and sexuality.

Objective: We conducted an empirical study to clarify how psychosocial factors (e.g. body image and sexuality) influence therapeutic decision-making and to identify the factors that affect post-operative mood states in Japanese women who underwent various types of surgery.

Risk factors of abdominal surgery in patients with collagen diseases.

Patients with collagen diseases have been reported to demonstrate a greater risk when undergoing surgical operations. To determine the risk factors in abdominal surgery for patients with collagen diseases, 32 patients with collagen diseases who underwent abdominal surgery were analyzed for their clinical features and surgical results by comparing 26 cases from the favorable prognosis group (Group A) and 6 cases resulting in hospital death (Group B). The analysis revealed that emergent operations tended to result in worse outcomes (P = 0.

Prediction of early and late recurrence in patients with breast carcinoma.

Background: The clinical course of patients with recurrent breast carcinoma varies greatly. Better characterization of an individual's clinical course for recurrent patients may aid in their clinical management. However, less attention has been paid to evaluating factors associated with the timing of recurrence in those patients.

Genetic susceptibility of catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphism in Japanese patients with breast cancer.

Polymorphic catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyzes the O-methylation of catechol estrogens. It has been reported that COMT polymorphism is a representative genetic trait related to the susceptibility of an individual to breast cancer. However, there is no consensus concerning the association between breast cancer in Japanese patients and COMT polymorphism.

Prediction of survival from first recurrence of breast carcinoma in Japanese women.

The clinical courses of patients with recurrent breast carcinoma vary greatly. We retrospectively examined data on 1863 Japanese patients treated for a breast carcinoma from 1981 to 2000. Among them, 345 (18.

Surgical results of total pelvic exenteration for locally advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background/aims: Although total pelvic exenteration (TPE) may lead to local tumor control and improved quality of life in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer, an adequate understanding of prognostic factors, indications and potential complications associated with these procedures is needed.

Methodology: Records for 15 patients, who underwent TPE for colorectal adenocarcinoma at Oita Prefectural Hospital between January 1983 and November 2001, were reviewed, retrospectively.

Results: Ten (66.

Clinicopathological feature and long-term prognosis of apocrine carcinoma of the breast in Japanese women.

Because of the rarity of apocrine carcinoma and lack of standardized criteria for the diagnosis, the definitive conclusions of clinicopathologic features and the prognosis has not been determined. We retrospectively examined data on 2091 curatively treated Japanese patients with primary breast carcinoma. Among them, 33 (1.

Prediction of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine sensitivity in colorectal cancer cases by thymidine phosphorylase activity and preliminary identification of susceptibility related genes.

We confirmed that the enzyme activity of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) can substitute for 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-dFUR) sensitivity in clinical colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. Moreover, the idenfication of susceptible genes other than TP will be desired for prediction or treatment of 5'-dFUR. We initially established conditions for the MTT assay system in vivo to compare the growth inhibition rate and TP activity in 18 cases of CRC.

Clinicopathological study of Japanese male breast carcinoma.

Background: Male breast cancer accounts for less than 1% of all cancers in men. Compared to breast cancer in women, the natural history and prognosis of breast cancer in men is controversial.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for 15 cases of male breast carcinoma, who were surgically treated in the Department of Surgery, Oita Prefectual Hospital, Oita, Japan, between 1980 and 2001.