Up-regulation of the claudin-6 gene in adipogenesis.

To investigate the role of claudin-6 in adipogenesis, claudin-6 mRNA was examined in adipose tissues and adipocyte differentiation. Claudin-6 mRNA was found to be differentially expressed in four different adipose tissues, and up-regulated in each fat depot of mice fed a high-fat diet as compared to a normal-fat diet. Levels of claudin-6 transcripts were increased during differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in vitro.

Up-regulation of adipogenin, an adipocyte plasma transmembrane protein, during adipogenesis.

Until now, the various proteins highly expressed in adipose tissues have been identified and characterized by traditional gene cloning techniques. However, methods of computer analysis have been developed to compare the levels of expression among various tissues, and genes whose expression levels differ significantly between tissues have been found. Among these genes, we report on the possible function of a new adipose-specific gene, showed higher expression in adipose tissue through 'Search Expression' on Genome Institute of Norvartis Research Foundation (GNF) SymAtlas v0.

Acetate and propionate short chain fatty acids stimulate adipogenesis via GPCR43.

It has recently been discovered that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) 41 and 43 are characterized by having the short chain fatty acids acetate and propionate as their ligands. The objective of this study was to investigate the involvement of GPCR41, GPCR43, and their ligands in the process of adipogenesis. We measured the levels of GPCR41 and GPCR43 mRNA in both adipose and other tissues of the mouse.

Identification of genes expressed differentially in subcutaneous and visceral fat of cattle, pig, and mouse.

The factors that control fat deposition in adipose tissues are poorly understood. It is known that visceral adipose tissues display a range of biochemical properties that distinguish them from adipose tissues of subcutaneous origin. However, we have little information on gene expression, either in relation to fat deposition or on interspecies variation in fat deposition.

Differential expression of the nonmuscle-type cofilin gene between subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.

Visceral adipocytes differ in various biochemical properties from adipocytes of subcutaneous origin. However, information on differences in gene expression between visceral and subcutaneous fat depots is limited. Expression of the genes for the nonmuscle and muscle isoforms of the actin-binding protein cofilin was examined in subcutaneous and visceral fat depots of mice, pigs, and cattle by semiquantative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction analysis.