Efficacy of Adding Locoregional Therapy in ATZ/BEV-Treated Patients with Stable HCC.

: Combination therapy with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (ATZ/BEV) is extremely effective and yields a high response rate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the efficacy of adding locoregional therapy to ATZ/BEV in patients with stable disease (SD) HCC was investigated. : One hundred five HCC patients who were treated with ATZ/BEV or lenvatinib (LEN) as first-line chemotherapy for unresectable HCC were evaluated on the basis of the modified RECIST criteria.

New Surgical Approach and Rehabilitation After Cemented Total Ankle Arthroplasty.

Background: According to the conventional postoperative procedure after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) for end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), mobilization and weight-bearing are currently started after completion of wound healing. Recently, an early rehabilitation program after cemented TAA with a modified anterolateral approach has been attempted because this approach could provide stable wound healing. To investigate the possibility of expediting rehabilitation, this study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and universality of an early rehabilitation program after cemented TAA using a modified anterolateral approach, even when a surgeon was completely changed.

Minimally invasive surgery versus open gastrectomy for older patients with gastric cancer: A propensity score-matching analysis.

Aim: To compare minimally invasive and open surgery for older patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: This study included 464 consecutive patients with gastric cancer aged ≥75 years who underwent open or laparoscopic gastrectomy at our institution from January 2004 to December 2018. We performed propensity score-matching and compared short- and long-term outcomes between the two groups.

Impact of prior teriparatide treatment on the effectiveness of romosozumab in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A case-control study.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of prior teriparatide (TPTD) treatment on the effectiveness of romosozumab (ROMO) in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: In this retrospective, case-controlled, multicenter study, 323 postmenopausal patients were initiated ROMO. Of these, 275 were treatment-naïve, and 48 were switched from TPTD, with uninterrupted ROMO treatment for 12 months.

Utility of external fixation for traumatic periprosthetic fracture after total ankle arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A report of two cases.

This report describes two cases of implant-stable traumatic periprosthetic fractures after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One case with low body mass index (BMI) [14 kg/m2] achieved complete bone union with the use of an external fixator, while the other case with a high BMI [32.83 kg/m2] failed to achieve bone union with the external fixator; however, complete union was achieved utilizing secondary internal plate fixation.

Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis found in an 85-year-old woman during preoperative investigations for knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis.

This report describes the case of an 85-year-old woman who was found to have seronegative rheumatoid arthritis during preoperative investigations for knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. Follow-up for knee osteoarthritis was continued for many years without any symptoms involving other joints. Before total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis, preoperative investigations revealed a highly inflammatory state.

Ivermectin Enhances Paclitaxel Efficacy by Overcoming Resistance Through Modulation of in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: Chemoresistance to paclitaxel (PTX) significantly ameliorates therapeutic efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in advanced stages, deteriorating the progression free and overall survival rates. One of the critical mechanisms contributing to drug resistance is the excretion of PTX from target cells via efflux pumps. Ivermectin was developed as a bactericidal agent against parasites; however, it has recently been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human cancer cells.

Modified scarf osteotomy has a possible capability to be indicated against very severe hallux valgus deformity.

Background: Generally, scarf osteotomy is recommended for moderate-severe hallux valgus (HV) deformity. Although severe HV deformity is defined to be more than 40 degree (°), this definition of angular setting includes broad range of HV angle (HVA). Actually, very severe HV deformity such as more than 60° of the HVA is often seen.

Phase 1b/2 study of the liposomal formulation of eribulin (E7389-LF) in combination with nivolumab: Results from the phase 2 esophageal cancer cohort.

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Japan. Herein, we report the efficacy and safety of E7389-LF plus the immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, from the esophageal cancer cohort of the phase 2 part of Study 120.

Methods: Eligible patients received E7389-LF 2.

[A Retrospective Study on the Current Status of Adjustment of Transition to the Place of Care for Patients with Terminal Cancer and Factors Leading to the Discontinuation of Such Adjustment].

Background: Transitioning patients with cancer to end-of-life care settings poses psychological and operational challenges for patients, families, medical personnel, and collaborating medical institutions. However, such transitions may not always occur due to patient's deteriorating condition or death. Predicting the feasibility of these transitions is crucial for effective use of medical resources and effectuating end-of-life wishes.

Prospective single-arm multicenter interventional study of surgical resection for liver metastasis from gastric cancer; 3-year overall and recurrence-free survival.

Objective: Potential benefit of surgical resection for liver metastasis from gastric cancer (LMGC) remains controversial because most previous studies were retrospective. We evaluated the outcomes of surgical resection following chemotherapy for LMGC in a prospective single-arm multicenter interventional study.

Methods: Patients with synchronous or metachronous LMGC received 2-4 cycles of standard chemotherapy and proceeded to surgical resection if restaging showed a non-progressive disease with a chance of R0 resection.

Mid-term outcomes of distal tibial oblique osteotomy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A report of three cases.

Although distal tibial oblique osteotomy (DTOO) has usually been indicated for noninflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis, we encountered three patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who underwent DTOO. We evaluated radiographic parameters and clinical scores, including self-reported scores for the foot and ankle [self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q)] and the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) ankle/hindfoot scale. In all three cases, radiographic improvements were achieved along with improvements in SAFE-Q and JSSF scores after mid-term follow-up.

Selective C-N Bond Cleavage in Unstrained Pyrrolidines Enabled by Lewis Acid and Photoredox Catalysis.

Cleavage of inert C-N bonds in unstrained azacycles such as pyrrolidine remains a formidable challenge in synthetic chemistry. To address this, we introduce an effective strategy for the reductive cleavage of the C-N bond in -benzoyl pyrrolidine, leveraging a combination of Lewis acid and photoredox catalysis. This method involves single-electron transfer to the amide, followed by site-selective cleavage at the C2-N bond.

Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair for a patient with Laugier's and inguinal hernia.

Background: Laugier's hernia is a very rare atypical femoral hernia and is challenging to diagnose preoperatively. Herein, we report a rare case of inguinal and Laugier's hernias treated with laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with right groin swelling for 4 years.

Benchmarking Performance Indices of Electrochemical CO Reduction to Ethylene Based on Prospective Life Cycle Assessment for Negative Emissions.

To mitigate global warming to the most ambitious targets, it is necessary to remove CO from the atmosphere and reduce fossil fuels use. The electrochemical conversion of CO to ethylene (CH) as a basic chemical is a promising technology that meets both requirements; however, its life cycle CO emissions remain inconclusive because of varying assumptions in the performance indices. This study aimed to set benchmarks for the four most sensitive indices to achieve -0.

The impact of time to postoperative recurrence on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer post recurrence: exploratory analysis of OGSG 1003.

Background: The association between recurrence timing and prognosis in patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by esophagectomy remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify this association using multicenter prospective clinical trial data.

Methods: Among 162 patients enrolled in a NAC phase II study comparing the efficacy of cisplatin and fluorouracil plus docetaxel with cisplatin and fluorouracil plus adriamycin, 64 patients with recurrence after R0 resection were included in this study.

Arthroscopic treatment of septic arthritis of the ankle joint caused by streptococcus in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases: Two case reports.

This report describes the arthroscopic treatment of septic arthritis of the ankle joint in two patients with inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and nail psoriasis. We treated both the ankle joints with antibiotic administration and urgent arthroscopic synovectomy and irrigation, although the procedure was performed several days (4 and 6 days) after the time at which the infection would have occurred. Fortunately, no recurrence has been seen for >18 and 20 months, respectively, after surgery, without antibiotic administration.

Flatfoot Surgery for Flexible Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity With Inflammatory Joint Diseases: A Report of 3 Cases.

Case: Three cases of inflammatory joint diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus and ongoing juvenile idiopathic arthritis) with painful flexible progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) underwent flatfoot surgery. All cases maintained sufficient radiological correction and achieved good clinical condition at final follow-up.

Conclusion: Although the prospect for recurrence of the deformity is not clear, even in inflammatory joint diseases, flat foot surgery such as flexor digitorum longs transfer, spring ligament reconstruction, and lateral column lengthening could have a possibility to be indicated against PCFD, as long as disease activity could be well suppressed by drug therapy, subsequently subtalar and talonavicular joints could be preserved.

Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry-based measurement of bone mineral density in patients with severe motor and intellectual disability: An opportunity for patients with severe scoliosis and hip dislocation.

Purpose: Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry (REMS) is an ultrasound technology currently used for the densitometric evaluation of osteoporosis and has been validated against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. However, the use of REMS for bone densitometry in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) remains to be reported. This study aimed to investigate whether REMS technology can be used for densitometric evaluation of osteoporosis in patients with SMID with hip dislocation and severe scoliosis.

Distal gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction for refractory reflux esophagitis after proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis reconstruction.

Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease can develop after proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastrostomy. We introduce a new method that combines distal gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction to treat refractory reflux esophagitis in patients who have undergone proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis reconstruction. This novel method may be useful not only for alleviating the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease but also for preventing future esophageal malignancies arising from long-term reflux esophagitis.

Afatinib plus PEM and CBDCA overcome osimertinib resistance in EGFR-mutated NSCLC with high thrombospondin-1 expression.

Osimertinib induces a marked response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations. However, acquired resistance to osimertinib remains an inevitable problem. In this study, we aimed to investigate osimertinib-resistant mechanisms and evaluate the combination therapy of afatinib and chemotherapy.

Induction of resistance to neurotrophic tropomyosin-receptor kinase inhibitors by HMGCS2 via a mevalonate pathway.

Introduction: A neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has shown dramatic efficacy against malignant tumors harboring an NTRK fusion gene. However, almost all tumors eventually acquire resistance to NTRK-TKIs.

Method: To investigate the mechanism of resistance to NTRK-TKIs, we established cells resistant to three types of NTRK-TKIs (larotrectinib, entrectinib, and selitrectinib) using KM12 colon cancer cells with a TPM3-NTRK1 rearrangement.

Serum 25(OH)D and vitamin K levels in patients with severe motor and intellectual disability: A Japanese single-center experience.

Purpose: To investigate whether patients with severe motor and intellectual disability (SMID) have nutritional vitamin D and K insufficiencies and clarify the required vitamin supplementation.

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled Japanese adults with SMID receiving institutionalized care who underwent blood sampling between February 2020 and February 2022 during annual medical checkups. Serum vitamin K and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured to determine their relationship with serum uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) levels.