The Referrer Matters. Musculoskeletal Surgical Conversion Rates: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Background: Efficient musculoskeletal care is important for health services and society. Surgical conversion rates are a common measure of efficiency, yet normal values and the impact of referrer type are unclear. This information could assist musculoskeletal care, service benchmarking and redesign.

An 8-week physiotherapist-led return to sport group program after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction improves measures of physical and psychological function: A case series.

Background: Low return to competitive sport, high reinjury rates and long-term functional impairment of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) present significant challenges for patients. A program that facilitates a safe return to sport (RTS) following ACLR could potentially improve outcomes.

Study Design: Case Series.

Is exercise therapy the right treatment for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain? Uncertainties, theory, and practice.

Background: Exercise therapy is a popular non-surgical treatment to help manage individuals with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) and is recommended in all clinical practice guidelines. Due to modest effect sizes, low quality evidence, uncertainty relating to efficacy, and mechanism(s) of benefit, exercise as a therapeutic intervention has been the subject of increasing scrutiny.

Aims: The aim of this critical review is to lay out where the purported uncertainties of exercise for RCRSP exist by exploring the relevant quantitative and qualitative literature.

Stratification of Outpatient Physical Therapy Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Knee Arthroplasty Physical Therapy Pathways (KAPPA) Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Outpatient physical therapy following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is often considered crucial for an effective recovery. However, recent evidence suggests that a self-directed pathway may yield similar benefits to supervised care. Despite this, there appear to be no established criteria to determine who can successfully self-direct their rehabilitation versus those who would benefit from outpatient physical therapy.

The addition of structured lifestyle modifications to a traditional exercise program for the management of patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Background: Guidelines recommend exercise for the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA), however, recently it has been suggested that including additional lifestyle modifications with a traditional exercise program may elicit greater benefits than exercise alone.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of the addition of lifestyle modifications to a traditional exercise program, with respect to functional outcomes and quality of life among individuals with knee OA.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Optimizing Best Practice Advisory alerts in electronic medical records with a multi-pronged strategy at a tertiary care hospital in Singapore.

Objective: Clinical decision support (CDS) alerts can aid in improving patient care. One CDS functionality is the Best Practice Advisory (BPA) alert notification system, wherein BPA alerts are automated alerts embedded in the hospital's electronic medical records (EMR). However, excessive alerts can change clinician behavior; redundant and repetitive alerts can contribute to alert fatigue.

"Restoring That Faith in My Shoulder": A Qualitative Investigation of How and Why Exercise Therapy Influenced the Clinical Outcomes of Individuals With Rotator Cuff-Related Shoulder Pain.

Objective: Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) is the most common form of shoulder pain. Exercise therapy is a first-line recommended treatment for RCRSP. However, the causal mechanisms underpinning the benefits of exercise for RCRSP are not well understood.

Response to the Letter to the Editor-in-Chief.

Author response to the Letter to the Editor-in-Chief "A Second Look at the Risks of Serious Adverse Events with Orthopaedic Manual Therapy, Paracetamol, and NSAID Treatment of Neck Pain" .

A systematic review of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF).

Purpose: The rate of elective lumbar fusion has continued to increase over the past two decades. However, there remains to be a consensus on the optimal fusion technique. This study aims to compare stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) with posterior fusion techniques in patients with spondylolisthesis and degenerative disc disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature.

The long head of biceps at the shoulder: a scoping review.

Background: This review aimed to explore the available literature to update our understanding of the long head of biceps (LHB) at the shoulder. Synthesise our findings to identify emergent themes and knowledge gaps to inform future research and management directions.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, SportDiscus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 31st December 2021.

Active cycle of breathing technique versus oscillating PEP therapy versus walking with huffing during an acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis: a randomised, controlled trial protocol.

Background: Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) for individuals with bronchiectasis are routinely prescribed in clinical practice and recommended by international guidelines, especially during an acute exacerbation. However, there is limited evidence of the efficacy of these techniques during an exacerbation to improve sputum expectoration, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) or exercise tolerance. The primary aim of this study is to compare the effects of the active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT), oscillating positive expiratory pressure (O-PEP) therapy, and walking with huffing on sputum expectoration for adults hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis.

International Framework for Examination of the Cervical Region for Potential of Vascular Pathologies of the Neck Prior to Musculoskeletal Intervention: International IFOMPT Cervical Framework.

This position statement, stemming from the International IFOMPT (International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists) Cervical Framework, was developed based upon the best contemporary evidence and expert opinion to assist clinicians during their clinical reasoning process when considering presentations involving the head and neck. Developed through rigorous consensus methods, the International IFOMPT Cervical Framework guides assessment of the cervical spine region for potential vascular pathologies of the neck in advance of planned interventions. Within the cervical spine, events and presentations of vascular pathologies of the neck are rare but are an important consideration as part of patient examination.

Physiotherapists nearly always prescribe exercise for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain; but why? A cross-sectional international survey of physiotherapists.

Background And Aims: This cross-sectional international survey explored the beliefs of physiotherapists regarding the possible mechanisms of benefit of exercise for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). Clinical practice guidelines recommend physiotherapists use exercise as a primary treatment to help people with RCRSP, but the explanations provided to patients by physiotherapists regarding its mechanism of effect is unknown.

Materials And Methods: Registered physiotherapists were surveyed about 'how and why' they believe exercise provides a clinical benefit for people with RCRSP.

"You have (rotator cuff related) shoulder pain, and to treat it, I recommend exercise." A scoping review of the possible mechanisms underpinning exercise therapy.

Background: Exercise is considered to be both essential and at the forefront of the management of rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). Despite this, many fail to substantially improve with exercise-based treatment. Hence, expanding the current knowledge about the possible mechanisms of exercise for RCRSP is critical.

A comparison of functional outcomes following inpatient versus outpatient hip or knee arthroplasty.

Background: The length of hospital stay after lower limb arthroplasty has rapidly decreased in the last decade, largely in part due to the rise of improved perioperative protocols, but also as a response to the increased economic demand associated with the rapid growth in hip and knee arthroplasty procedures. In line with this, the development of a new pathway after lower limb arthroplasty that allows for the surgery to be performed in an outpatient setting and permits for same-day discharge after the procedure is increasingly being offered. Although costs and complications between the inpatient and outpatient models have been compared, there appears to be little known about the effects on a patient's physical function after undergoing hip or knee outpatient arthroplasty.

Single-Level Total Disc Replacement: Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes.

Background: Total disc replacement (TDR) has been shown to be effective for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) in carefully selected patients. Previous studies have demonstrated high rates of patient satisfaction and improvement in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) compared with preoperative status but most have short-term follow-up or small cohort sizes only.

Objective: The aim of this study is to report mid- to long-term PROMs from the treatment of symptomatic single-level lumbar DDD with TDR.

Single-Level Total Disc Replacement: Index-Level and Adjacent-Level Revision Surgery Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcomes.

Background: The literature reports that index level (IL) revision spine surgery (RSS) and adjacent level (AL) RSS are diminished in lumbar TDR compared with fusion procedures. There is a paucity of PROMs reported after RSS.

Objective: To present the incidence of RSS at the IL and AL following single-level lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) and to document patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) associated with RSS.

"If somebody had told me I'd feel like I do now, I wouldn't have believed them…" older adults' experiences of the BELL trial: a qualitative study.

Objectives: This study examined older adults' experiences of participating in the Ballistic Exercise of the Lower Limb (BELL) trial, involving 12-weeks of group-based hardstyle kettlebell training.

Methods: In the BELL trial, 28 insufficiently active older adults (15 women, 13 men, 59-79 years) completed six weeks of face-to-face group training, and six weeks of home-based training. In-depth semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and inductively coded, with themes constructed from patterns of shared meaning.

Effects of supervised high-intensity hardstyle kettlebell training on grip strength and health-related physical fitness in insufficiently active older adults: the BELL pragmatic controlled trial.

The Ballistic Exercise of the Lower Limb (BELL) trial examined the efficacy and safety of a pragmatic hardstyle kettlebell training program in older adults. Insufficiently active men and women aged 59-79 years, were recruited to a 6-month repeated measures study, involving 3-months usual activity and 3-months progressive hardstyle kettlebell training. Health-related physical fitness outcomes included: grip strength [GS], 6-min walk distance [6MWD], resting heart rate [HR], stair-climb [SC], leg extensor strength [LES], hip extensor strength [HES], Sit-To-Stand [STS], vertical jump [CMVJ], five-times floor transfer [5xFT], 1RM deadlift, body composition (DXA), attendance, and adverse events.

Wearable technology to inform the prediction and diagnosis of cardiorespiratory events: a scoping review.

Background: The need for health systems that allow for continuous monitoring and early adverse event detection in individuals outside of the acute care setting has been highlighted by the global rise in chronic cardiorespiratory diseases and the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, it is unclear what type of evidence exists concerning the use of physiological data collected from commercially available wrist and textile wearables to assist in clinical decision making. The aim of this review was therefore to systematically map and summarize the scientific literature surrounding the use of these wearables in clinical decision making as well as identify knowledge gaps to inform further research.

Evidence for Rehabilitation Interventions After Acute Lateral Ankle Sprains in Athletes: A Scoping Review.

Context: Acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is a common injury in athletes and is often associated with decreased athletic performance and, if treated poorly, can result in chronic ankle issues, such as instability. Physical performance demands, such as cutting, hopping, and landing, involved with certain sport participation suggests that the rehabilitation needs of an athlete after LAS may differ from those of the general population.

Objective: To review the literature to determine the most effective rehabilitation interventions reported for athletes returning to sport after acute LAS.

The utility of physiotherapy assessments delivered by telehealth: A systematic review.

Background: Telehealth use is increasing due to its ability to overcome service access barriers and provide continued care when disease transmission is of concern. However, little is known of the validity, reliability and utility of performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth across all physiotherapy practice areas. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the current clinometric value of performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth across all areas of physiotherapy practice.

Traumatic surfing injuries in New Zealand: a descriptive epidemiology study.

Background: New Zealand (NZ) has nearly 14,000 km of coastline and a surfing population of approximately 315,000 surfers. Given its popularity, surfing has a high frequency of injury claims, however, there remains a lack of data on traumatic surfing-related injuries from large population studies. The primary purpose of this study was to examine traumatic surfing injuries in NZ specific to injury incidence, duration, location, type, mechanism of injury and associated risk factors.