A qualitative study of nurse participation in global health in the English NHS: participation, interest, and barriers to participation.

Background: Nurses contribute to the largest demographic of the healthcare workforce. However, given current global shortages of workforce capacity, this often leads to limited capacity to engage in extracurricular educational developments beyond their immediate role. Consequently, this significantly limits the range of workforce training and development opportunities that are available to them, which could enhance the variety of skills that are brought to the National Health Service (NHS).

Using the Power Wheel as a transformative tool to promote equity through spaces and places of patient engagement.

Background: Patient engagement is the active collaboration between patient partners and health system partners towards a goal of making decisions that centre patient needs-thus improving experiences of care, and overall effectiveness of health services in alignment with the Quintuple Aim. An important but challenging aspect of patient engagement is including diverse perspectives particularly those experiencing health inequities. When such populations are excluded from decision-making in health policy, practice and research, we risk creating a healthcare ecosystem that reinforces structural marginalisation and perpetuates health inequities.

Individual recognition of Eurasian beavers () by their tail patterns using a computer-assisted pattern-identification algorithm.

Individual recognition of animals is an important aspect of ecological sciences. Photograph-based individual recognition options are of particular importance since these represent a non-invasive method to distinguish and identify individual animals. Recent developments and improvements in computer-based approaches make possible a faster semi-automated evaluation of large image databases than was previously possible.

What is the current global health participation and future interest of healthcare students and National Health Service (NHS) staff? A cross-sectional research study of healthcare students and NHS staff in England.

Objectives: This research aimed to understand the prior and current global health participation, current availability of and future interest in participating in global health activities healthcare students and National Health Service (NHS) staff.

Design: An online survey was conducted on NHS staff and healthcare students in England between July and November 2021. The survey was disseminated to all secondary care providers in the English NHS and universities in England.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Stroke: 2- and 3-Year Follow-up From the Pilot Study.

Objective: To assess whether a long-term home-based intervention using Paired VNS therapy is feasible and whether the benefits of Paired VNS therapy are maintained beyond 1 year.

Design: A long-term follow-up study.

Setting: Three centers in the United States and 1 in the United Kingdom.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants: Practice, knowledge and needs of Australian pharmacists.

Aim: To determine the nature and extent of interactions between retail pharmacists and families of infants concerned about functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Methods: A 15-question online survey was developed that could be completed by retail pharmacists in approximately 5 min. This survey aimed to obtain information relating to the frequency of interactions with parents of infants seeking advice and/or information about colic, gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) or constipation in pharmacies; what recommendations and/or advice was given by the pharmacists; from where the pharmacists obtained their information and what guidelines/recommendations they would value; and demographic information.

Factors Affecting Operative Duration in Isolated Open Carpal Tunnel Release.

 Open carpal tunnel release (CTR) is one of the most commonly performed operative procedures with operative duration being a primary metric of operating room efficiency. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with prolonged operative duration, in performing CTR.  CTR cases performed by a single surgeon from September 2013 to October 2015 were reviewed.

Prevalence of Disagreement About Appropriateness of Treatment Between ICU Patients/Surrogates and Clinicians.

Background: ICU patients/surrogates may experience adverse outcomes related to perceived inappropriate treatment. The objective was to determine the prevalence of patient/surrogate-reported perceived inappropriate treatment, its impact on adverse outcomes, and discordance with clinicians.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational study of adult ICU patients.

Assessment of Pronator Quadratus Repair Integrity Using Dynamic Ultrasonography Following Volar Plate Fixation for Distal Radius Fractures.

Previous work evaluating the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle following volar plate fixation (VPF) of distal radius fractures (DRF) suggests that PQ repair often fails in the postoperative period. The purpose of this investigation was to assess PQ repair integrity following VPF of DRF using dynamic musculoskeletal ultrasonography. Twenty adult patients who underwent VPF of DRF with repair of the PQ with a minimum follow-up of 3 months underwent bilateral dynamic wrist ultrasonography.

Reduced Hepatocellular Expression of Canalicular Transport Proteins in Infants with Neonatal Cholestasis and Congenital Hypopituitarism.

Objective: To assess whether prolonged neonatal cholestasis, described in congenital hypopituitarism and septo-optic dysplasia (SOD), is associated with altered expression of selected canalicular ectoenzymes and canalicular transport proteins.

Study Design: Children with congenital hypopituitarism (n = 21), SOD (n = 18), and cholestasis seen in our center over 26 years were reviewed. Histopathologic findings in archival liver biopsy specimens were assessed (n = 10) and in those with low/normal levels of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity despite conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, expression of canalicular ectoenzymes and canalicular transport proteins was evaluated immunohistochemically.

Community Consultation for Planned Emergent Use Research: Experiences From an Academic Medical Center.

Background: Emergent use research-research involving human subjects that have a life-threatening medical condition and who are unlikely to provide informed consent-in critical illness is fraught with challenges related to obtaining informed consent. Per federal regulations, to meet criteria to conduct such trials, the investigators have to seek community consultations. Effective ways of obtaining this consultation remains ill-defined.

Radial Shaft Convergence in Distal Radius Fractures: Diagnosis and Treatment.

Radial shaft convergence in distal radius fractures is often misdiagnosed. This common deformation is often associated with a radial translation of the distal fragment. This parameter has to be corrected because of the increased risk of distal radioulnar joint instability due to detensioning of the distal interosseous membrane if there is an associated triangular fibrocartilage complex lesion.

Information on Orthopedic Trauma Fellowships: Online Accessibility and Content.

The internet is a popular resource for orthopedic fellowship applicants. We conducted a study to assess the accessibility of orthopedic trauma fellowship (OTF) program websites and to evaluate the content on the sites. We queried the online database of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) and the online Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) to assess available OTF program links.

Microsurgery Case Volume During Orthopedic Surgery Residency: A 7-Year Assessment.

Background: Microsurgery is a specialized surgical technique with wide clinical application. The purpose of this study was to analyze case logs of graduating orthopedic surgery residents to assess trends in case volume for microsurgery procedures.

Methods: Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case log reports were analyzed for microsurgery experience from 2007 to 2013.

Dorsal and Volar Surgical Approaches to the Metacarpophalangeal Joint: A Comparative Anatomic Study.

Background: We compared 3 surgical approaches to the MP joint: a dorsal extensor tendon-splitting approach, a dorsal extensor tendon-reflecting parasagittal approach, and the volar A1 pulley approach. We quantitatively compared each of these approaches by measuring the amount of articular cartilage exposed on the base of the proximal phalanx. We hypothesize that visualization of the articular cartilage of the proximal phalangeal base is enhanced with the volar approach.

Assessment of Forearm Rotational Control Using 4 Upper Extremity Immobilization Constructs.

Background: Forearm immobilization techniques are commonly used to manage distal radius, scaphoid, and metacarpal fractures. The purpose of our study was to compare the degree of rotational immobilization provided by a sugar-tong splint (STS), short arm cast (SAC), Munster cast (MC), and long arm cast (LAC) at the level of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), carpus, and metacarpals.

Methods: Seven cadaveric upper extremity specimens were mounted to a custom jig with the ulnohumeral joint fixated in 90° of flexion.

Total Wrist Arthroplasty Versus Wrist Fusion: Utilization and Complication Rates as Reported by ABOS Part II Candidates.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess national trends in the utilization and complication rates of total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) and total wrist fusion (WF) as identified via review of the American Board of Orthopedic Surgery (ABOS) Part II candidate database.

Methods: The ABOS Part II candidate database is a collection of cases reported by candidates of the ABOS Part II board certification oral exam. The ABOS database was queried for all TWA and WF cases performed from 2005 to 2014.