Impact of gold nanoparticle exposure on the development pancreas and kidney: Dose-dependent;oxidative stress; miRNA expression and Nrf2/ARE Signalling.

Background: The widespread use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in consumer and medical products necessitates investigation into their potential developmental toxicity.

Aim Of The Work: This study investigated the systemic effects of in-utero AuNP exposure on developing male rat offspring, focusing on metabolic, organ-specific, and cellular pathways.

Materials And Methods: Pregnant rats were intravenously administered AuNPs (5, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg) or saline from gestational day 1 to birth.

Approach for extracellular vesicles in renal therapeutics: involvement of microRNAs.

Recently, special scientific efforts have been directed to investigate the role of small non-coding RNA (miRs) in different renal diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small secretory vesicles released from almost all mammalian cells. EVs-miRs cargo plays a significant role in regulating various aspects of the biological machinery of the recipient cells.

Dihydroartemisinin attenuates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats: Suppression of inflammation and modulation of NFκβ/TNF-α/RIPK1-mediated necroptosis and apoptosis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of inflammatory mediators. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semi-synthetic active metabolite of artemisinin that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the therapeutic benefits of DHA on acetic acid(AA) -induced UC in rats, with particular emphasis on its anti-inflammatory effects and its influence on NFκB/TNF-α/RIPK1 necroptotic pathways.

Identifying iNOS and glycogen as biomarkers for degenerated cerebellar purkinje cells in autism spectrum disorder: Protective effects of erythropoietin and zinc sulfate.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a collective neurodevelopmental disorder affecting young children and accounting for 1% of the world's population. The cerebellum is the major part of the human brain affected by ASD and is associated with a substantial reduction in the number of Purkinje cells. An association between ASD and the expression of the nitrosative stress biomarker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as glycogen deposition in damaged Purkinje cells, has not been previously reported in the medical literature.

Metformin ameliorates diabetes-induced hepatic ultrastructural damage and the immune biomarker CD86 and inflammation in rats.

Diabetes is a known inducer of hepatic ultrastructural alterations, and the expression of the immune biomarker that involves in T-cell immunity, cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) is increased in diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis. The antidiabetic drug metformin has not previously been used to protect against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced alternations in hepatic ultrastructure and the induction of the hepatic CD86/inflammation axis in diabetic animal models induced by streptozotocin and a high fat diet. To test our hypotheses, T2DM was induced in rats (model group) and the protective animals were treated with the antidiabetic drug metformin (200 mg/kg) until being sacrificed at week 12.

The effect of extracellular ATP on rat uterine contraction from different gestational stages and its possible mechanisms of action.

Background: The mechanisms underlying the onset of labor are not fully understood. Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is known to cause uterine contractions in different species but the exact underlying mechanisms are poorly investigated to date. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of extracellular ATP on spontaneous uterine contractions from different gestational stages and to elucidate its possible underlying mechanisms.