Characteristics and Factors Related to Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Data on basal cell carcinoma (BCC) from the Middle East are deficient. We present the features and management outcomes for BCC over the last 36 years in Saudi Arabia.

Subjects And Methods: This retrospective chart review included BCC patients diagnosed and treated at Saudi Arabia between 1980 and 2016.

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of capsular tissue around failed Ahmed glaucoma valves.

Impervious encapsulation around Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) results in surgical failure raising intraocular pressure (IOP). Dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cellular factors might contribute to increased hydraulic resistance to aqueous drainage. Therefore, we examined these molecules in failed AGV capsular tissue.

Dacryocystocele After Successful External Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Variant of the Lacrimal Sump Syndrome.

A 25-year-old man presented with a mass on the right medial canthus after a successful dacryo cys torhinostomy performed 3 years ago. On examination, there was a firm, nondepressible mass inferior to the medial canthal ligament and a linear vertical scar on the lateral wall of the nose. Syringing through the right lower punctum indicated his lacrimal system was patent.

Lymphatic and Blood Vessel Density in Human Conjunctiva After Glaucoma Filtration Surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the lymphatic vascular microvessel density (LVD) and the blood vascular microvessel density (MVD) and their distribution in excised leaking blebs after mitomycin C trabeculectomy and normal conjunctiva specimens.

Materials And Methods: LVD and MVD in normal human conjunctiva (n=8) and excised blebs in the hypocellular stroma and peribleb tissue (conjunctiva adjacent to hypocellular bleb tissue) (n=8) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies raised against Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Receptor 1 (D2-40, lymphatic endothelium) and CD34 (vascular endothelium). LVD and MVD counts were performed by light microscopy in 5 fields at ×20 magnification by 3 observers.

IgG4 immunostaining and its implications in orbital inflammatory disease.

Objective: IgG4-related disease is an emerging clinical entity which frequently involves tissue within the orbit. In order to appreciate the implications of IgG4 immunostaining, we analyzed gene expression and the prevalence of IgG4- immunostaining among subjects with orbital inflammatory diseases.

Methods: We organized an international consortium to collect orbital biopsies from 108 subjects including 22 with no known orbital disease, 42 with nonspecific orbital inflammatory disease (NSOI), 26 with thyroid eye disease (TED), 12 with sarcoidosis, and 6 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).

Ocular malignant tumors. Review of the Tumor Registry at a tertiary eye hospital in central Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To present the epidemiologic profile and magnitude of ocular malignant tumors (MT) representative of the Saudi population from the Tumor Registry (TR) at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH).

Methods: This study evaluated the demographic information, clinical features including tumor laterality, ocular tissue of origin, and diagnosis of patients from the TR registry between 1983 and 2012 at KKESH, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The incidence of MT among Saudi adults (>/= 15 years old), and children (<15 years old) was estimated.

Immunohistochemical expression and distribution of proteoglycans and collagens in sclerocornea.

To immunolocalize corneal keratan sulfate (KS) and its core protein lumican, aggrecan, type I and type III collagens in sclerocornea specimens and compare their expression and distribution to age-matched healthy corneas and scleras. Sclerocornea specimens (n = 3) and age-matched normal corneoscleral rim specimens (n = 3) were studied by light microscopy and histochemically. KS, lumican, aggrecan, type I and type III collagens were immunolocalized in the specimens using indirect immunofluorescence.

Achondroplasia associated with bilateral keratoconus.

We report a rare case of bilateral keratoconus in association with achondroplasia. A 26-year-old male, with a known case of achondroplasia, complained of bilateral gradual deterioration in vision for the past few years. Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed bilateral central corneal protrusion and stromal thinning at the apex consistent with keratoconus.

Nummular dystrophic calcification of an Ahmed glaucoma valve in a child.

We report the case of an otherwise-healthy 4.5-year-old girl with primary congenital glaucoma who had multiple nummular calcium deposits on the dorsal plate of a previously-implanted Ahmed glaucoma valve. The child had received the implant in the right eye at 6 months of age and developed increased intraocular pressure requiring surgical excision of surrounding fibrous encapsulation.

Epithelial lacrimal gland tumors: pathologic classification and current understanding.

Objective: To apply the updated epithelial salivary gland classification scheme to a large cohort of lacrimal gland tumors so as to provide an updated lacrimal gland tumor classification scheme.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study of 118 cases of epithelial neoplasia was undertaken. Main outcome measures included pathologic analysis, subtyping, and survival.

Infantile corneal myxoma.

Myxomas, benign tumors of modified fibroblasts that produce small amounts of collagen but large amounts of glycosaminoglycans, typically occur in the left atrium of the heart or various soft tissues. Corneal myxoma is extremely rare, with only 8 previously reported cases to date, all of which were in individuals 26 years of age or older. The current report documents the clinical and histopathologic features of a 4-month-old girl with infantile corneal myxoma.

Osseous choristoma of the lateral canthus.

Ocular osseous choristoma, a rare idiopathic benign deposit of bone, is typically a static epibulbar lesion that occurs sporadically in the supertemporal quadrant of an otherwise normal eye. The subject of this report is a unique U-shaped subcutaneous osseous choristoma that did not involve the eye itself but rather conformed to the right lateral canthus in an otherwise normal 2-year-old boy.

Infected epithelial inclusion cyst mimicking subconjunctival abscess after strabismus surgery.

Presumed subconjunctival abscess has been reported as a rare postoperative complication of strabismus surgery.(1-2) We report the case of a child who initially was diagnosed with subconjuctival abscess after strabismus surgery for whom histopathology demonstrated an infected epithelial inclusion cyst. We suggest that previous reports of presumed subconjunctival abscess after strabismus surgery also may have been caused by a similar mechanism.

Bilateral congenital stromal cyst of the cornea.

Stromal corneal cysts have not been documented in histological studies of congenital corneal leukoma. We describe a bilateral congenital case in which the cysts occupied posterior excavations of the cornea and the affected infant developed angle-closure glaucoma.

Management of congenital unilateral proptosis from an orbital epithelial cyst by cyst aspiration.

A rare cause of axial proptosis, orbital epithelial cysts are presumed to be of conjunctival origin if the wall is composed of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium (especially if goblet cells are present). These cysts can occur at any age and are typically surgically resected if symptomatic. The subject of this report is the management of a congenital orbital epithelial cyst by needle aspiration in a newborn with ipsilateral esotropia and severe unilateral proptosis.