Publications by authors named "Hina Jhelum"
Article Synopsis
- Detection methods are being developed to stop the spread of certain pig viruses associated with xenotransplantation, where pig organs are transplanted to humans.
- Researchers screened 10 pigs from German slaughterhouses for 11 types of viruses, including porcine cytomegalovirus and others related to xenotransplantation, using PCR and immunological tests.
- The study found five viruses consistently present in all pigs, highlighting how some pigs were either actively infected or latently infected, which is crucial for understanding viral safety in xenotransplantation.
The successful advancement of xenotransplantation has led to the development of highly sensitive detection systems for the screening of potentially zoonotic viruses in donor pigs and preventing their transmission to the recipient. To validate these methods, genetically modified pigs generated for xenotransplantation, numerous minipigs and other pig breeds have been tested, thereby increasing our knowledge concerning the pig virome and the distribution of pig viruses. Of particular importance are the porcine cytomegalovirus, a porcine roseolovirus (PCMV/PRV) and the hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV/PRV) poses a significant risk during pig-to-human transplants, as it can lead to reduced survival rates in recipients due to its ability to establish lifelong infections.
- This study evaluated various detection methods for PCMV/PRV in donor pigs, including PCR-based techniques and immunological assays, finding that they deliver similar and reliable results.
- Effective screening strategies combining these methods are essential to safely prevent the transmission of the virus during xenotransplant procedures.
Staphylococcus aureus strains that produce the toxin Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL-SA) frequently cause recurrent skin and soft tissue infections. PVL binds to and kills human neutrophils, resulting in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), but the pathomechanism has not been extensively studied. Furthermore, it is unclear why some individuals colonized with PVL-SA experience recurring infections whereas others are asymptomatic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFXenotransplantation, like allotransplantation, is usually associated with microchimerism, i.e., the presence of cells from the donor in the recipient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Dippity Pig Syndrome (DPS) is a rare condition affecting minipigs characterized by sudden, painful red lesions along the spine, causing the back to arch and dip.
- A study was conducted on both affected and unaffected Göttingen Minipigs (GöMPs) to investigate potential viral causes, screening for various DNA and RNA viruses, including porcine cytomegalovirus and porcine circoviruses.
- Findings showed that integrated porcine endogenous retroviruses were present in all pigs, while some viruses like PLHV-3 were noted in both affected and unaffected pigs, although no specific viral particles were found in affected animals.
Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PCP) is the major virulence determinant of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Strains devoid of the capsule are avirulent or highly attenuated. PCP is present in soluble form and on pneumococci in infected individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes pneumonia and septicemia in humans. Pneumococci are cleared from the host primarily by antibody dependent opsonophagocytosis by phagocytes like neutrophils. Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on contacting pneumococci.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF