Pre-operative Predictors of Weight Loss and Weight Regain Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: a Prospective Human Study.

Background: There are currently few pre-operative predictors of initial and long-term weight loss following bariatric surgery.

Objectives: We evaluated the role of pre-operative patient characteristics and baseline gut and adipose-derived hormones in predicting maximal total body weight loss (WL) and risk of weight regain (WR) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Methods: One hundred five adult patients undergoing primary RYGB were prospectively recruited.

Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Attenuate Pro-inflammatory Small Intestinal Cytokine Signatures.

Background: Bariatric surgery rapidly induces improvements in type 2 diabetes (T2D) in concert with reduction in systemic markers of inflammation. The impact of bariatric surgery on local intestinal immunity is not known. We hypothesize that sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (RYGB) surgeries resolve obesity-induced intestinal inflammation, thereby promoting T2D resolution.

Association Between Statin Use After Diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer and Survival: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors), commonly prescribed in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, promote apoptosis and limit proliferation of esophageal cancer cell lines. We investigated whether statin use after a diagnosis of esophageal cancer is associated with reduced esophageal cancer-specific and all-cause mortality.

Methods: We identified a cohort of 4445 men and women in the United Kingdom diagnosed with esophageal cancer from January 2000 through November 2009 using the General Practice Research Database.

Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on bile acid metabolism in normal and obese diabetic rats.

In addition to classic functions of facilitating hepatobiliary secretion and intestinal absorption of lipophilic nutrients, bile acids (BA) are also endocrine factors and regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Recent data indicate that antiobesity bariatric procedures e.g.

Intestinal sweet-sensing pathways and metabolic changes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Studies suggest that improvements in type 2 diabetes (T2D) post- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery are attributable to decreased intestinal glucose absorption capacity mediated by exclusion of sweet taste-sensing pathways in isolated proximal bowel. We probed these pathways in rat models that had undergone RYGB with catheter placement in the biliopancreatic (BP) limb to permit post-RYGB exposure of isolated bowel to sweet taste stimulants. Lean Sprague Dawley (n = 13) and obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats (n = 15) underwent RYGB with BP catheter placement.

Statin use is associated with reduced risk of histologic subtypes of esophageal cancer: a nested case-control analysis.

Background & Aims: Most patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) or squamous cell cancer (ESCC) present with advanced, incurable disease. Statins have reported anti-carcinogenic effects and may be chemoprotective. We investigated the association between regular use of statins and the main histologic subtypes of esophageal malignancy (EAC, esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma, and ESCC) in the UK general population.

Disrupted circadian rhythmicity of the intestinal glucose transporter SGLT1 in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.

Background: Intestinal absorptive capacity shows a circadian rhythm synchronized with eating patterns. Disrupting these coordinated rhythms, e.g.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts medium-term survival following elective major vascular surgery: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The systemic nature of atherosclerosis compromises medium-term survival following major vascular surgery. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple index of systemic inflammatory burden which correlates with survival following percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: Patients undergoing elective major vascular surgery in 2 tertiary vascular units were identified from prospectively maintained databases.

Ovarian vein syndrome: a review.

The Ovarian Vein Syndrome was first reported in 1964, yet its existence as a true pathophysiological entity remains controversial. It may present as an acute or chronic disease, typically affecting young, multiparous women. This review discusses the literature to date on this poorly recognised cause of ureteric obstruction and pelvic pain, including developments in the diagnosis and management of this eminently treatable condition.