Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) is a degenerative condition that causes leg pain, numbness, and gait disturbances. Despite surgical treatment, reducing numbness is more challenging than reducing pain, and there is currently no established effective intervention method. Dysesthesia-matched transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (DM-TENS) is a novel technique that adjusts TENS settings to match the sensation of numbness, potentially improving it.
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