Acoustic Change Complex as a Neurophysiological Tool to Assess Auditory Discrimination Skill: A Review.

 Acoustic change complex (ACC) is a type of event-related potential evoked in response to subtle change(s) in the continuing stimuli. In the presence of a growing number of investigations on ACC, there is a need to review the various methodologies, findings, clinical utilities, and conclusions of different studies by authors who have studied ACC.  The present review article is focused on the literature related to the utility of ACC as a tool to assess the auditory discrimination skill in different populations.

Is Early Cochlear Implantation Leads to Better Speech and Language Outcomes?

A cochlear implant is an electronic sensory system that converts mechanical energy into coded electrical signals that directly activate the auditory nerve fibers. Present review article investigates the findings of previous research papers which have assessed speech and language outcome in children who underwent early cochlear implantation. Several databases, including PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, and Medline, were investigated for research papers on the speech and language outcomes of children who had early-life implants.

Coding of consonant-vowel transition in children with central auditory processing disorder: an electrophysiological study.

Introduction: Acoustic change complex (ACC) is an important tool to investigate the encoding of the acoustic property of speech signals in various populations. However, there is a limited number of research papers that have explored the usefulness of ACC as a tool to study the neural encoding of consonant-vowel (CV) transition in children with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD). Thus, the present study aims to investigate the utility of ACC as an objective tool to study the neural representation of consonant-vowel (CV) transition in children with CAPD.

Feasibility of objective assessment of difference limen for intensity using acoustic change complex in children with central auditory processing disorder.

Introduction: Acoustic change complex (ACC) shows brain's ability to discriminate between acoustic features in an ongoing stimulus. It is this nature of ACC that has generated interest in studying the usefulness of ACC as an objective tool for evaluating difference limens for various stimulus parameters. The present study therefore aimed at investigating the utility of ACC as an objective measure of difference limen for intensity (DLI) in normal hearing children with and without (C)APD.

Utility of Acoustic Change Complex as an Objective Tool to Evaluate Difference Limen for Intensity in Cochlear Hearing Loss and Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder.

Purpose This study aimed to investigate usefulness of acoustic change complex (ACC) as an objective measure of difference limen for intensity (DLI) in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) and cochlear hearing loss (CHL). Method The study used a multiple static group comparison research design. Twenty normal-hearing individuals (NH), 19 individuals with ANSD, and 23 individuals with CHL underwent DLI measurement using behavioral (psychoacoustic) techniques and ACC.

Neural representation of consonant-vowel transition in individuals with cochlear hearing loss and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.

Purpose: Acoustic change complex (ACC) is an evoked potential recorded in response to subtle change(s) in the continuing stimuli. It is assumed that poor speech perception can be due to poor encoding of consonant-vowel (CV) transition in cochlear hearing loss (CHL) and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). The present study aims to investigate the use of ACC as an objective tool to study neural representation of CV transition in individuals with ANSD, CHL, and normal hearing (NH).

Assessment of rock musician's efferent system functioning using contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions.

Objective: Contralateral suppression of oto acoustic emission (OAE) is referred as activation of efferent system. Previous literature mentioned about the importance of contralateral suppression of OAEs as a tool to assess efferent system in different groups of population. There is dearth of literature to explore the efferent system function in experienced musicians exposed to rock music using TEOAEs and DPOAEs.

A Comparative Study on Hearing Aid Benefits of Digital Hearing Aid Use (BTE) from Six Months to Two Years.

 For many reasons, it is important for audiologists and consumers to document improvement and benefit from amplification device at various stages of uses of amplification device. Professional are also interested to see the impact of amplification device on the consumer's auditory performance at different stages i.e.

Parental Expectation from Children with Cochlear Implants in Indian Context: a Questionnaire Based Study.

 Parental support is important in the habilitation/rehabilitation of children using cochlear implant devices. Hence, it is important for families to know the realistic expectations regarding outcomes from CIs.  The objective of the present study is to know the parents' expectation from children using CIs.

Speech evoked auditory brainstem response and gap detection threshold in middle-aged individual.

This study aimed at characterizing the gap detection threshold (GDT) and speech evoked ABR (SABR) in younger and middle-aged individuals. Two groups of subjects were participated in the study which includes 15 young adults in the age range of 15-25 years and 15 middle-aged individuals in the age range of 40-60 years. SABR with stimulus/da/of 40 ms and GDT were investigated on both groups.

Speech-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.

Objective: Diabetes is the most common glucose level dependent metabolic disorder and studies have shown that hearing impairment can be a long-term subclinical complication. Studies to investigate auditory system involvement in diabetes has focused majorly on the auditory brainstem response (ABR), otoacoustic emission, and basic audiological measures. Hence in the current study, we used speech-evoked ABR (S-ABR) as a tool to see the effect of diabetes on both a transient and sustained response of the auditory brainstem to a conventionally used consonant-vowel (CV) stimuli /da/.

Auditory Temporal Resolution in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.

 "Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood sugar and abnormalities in insulin secretion and action" (American Diabetes Association). Previous literature has reported connection between diabetes mellitus and hearing impairment. There is a dearth of literature on auditory temporal resolution ability in individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Temporal Resolution and Active Auditory Discrimination Skill in Vocal Musicians.

 Enhanced auditory perception in musicians is likely to result from auditory perceptual learning during several years of training and practice. Many studies have focused on biological processing of auditory stimuli among musicians. However, there is a lack of literature on temporal resolution and active auditory discrimination skills in vocal musicians.

Comparison of Pre-Attentive Auditory Discrimination at Gross and Fine Difference between Auditory Stimuli.

 Mismatch Negativity is a negative component of the event-related potential (ERP) elicited by any discriminable changes in auditory stimulation.  The present study aimed to assess pre-attentive auditory discrimination skill with fine and gross difference between auditory stimuli.  Seventeen normal hearing individual participated in the study.

Pre-attentive auditory discrimination skill in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians.

Objective: To test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians.

Design: Mismatch negativity (MMN) was recorded to test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills with a pair of stimuli of /1000 Hz/ and /1100 Hz/, with /1000 Hz/ as the frequent stimulus and /1100 Hz/ as the infrequent stimulus. Onset, offset and peak latencies were the considered latency parameters, whereas peak amplitude and area under the curve were considered for amplitude analysis.

Cortical and subcortical processing of short duration speech stimuli in trained rock musicians: a pilot study.

Most trained musicians are actively involved in rigorous practice from several years to achieve a high level of proficiency. Therefore, musicians are best group to research changes or modification in brain structures and functions across several information processing systems. This study aimed to investigate cortical and subcortical processing of short duration speech stimuli in trained rock musicians and non-musicians.

Enhanced auditory evoked potentials in musicians: A review of recent findings.

Auditory evoked potentials serve as an objective mode for assessment to check the functioning of the auditory system and neuroplasticity. Literature has reported enhanced electrophysiological responses in musicians, which shows neuroplasticity in musicians. Various databases including PubMed, Google, Google Scholar and Medline were searched for references related to auditory evoked potentials in musicians from 1994 till date.

Comparison of Cervical and Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Dancers and Non-Dancers.

The objective of the study was to assess the sacculocollic and otolith ocular pathway function using cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular myogenic potentials (oVEMP) in dancers and non dancers. Total 16 subjects participated in the study. Out of 16 participants, 8 were trained in Indian classical form of dance (dancers) and other 8 participants who were not trained in any dance form (non dancers).