Blood Plasma Biomarkers for Woody Breast Disease in Commercial Broilers.

Woody breast (WB) myopathy results in poor muscle quality. The increasing incidence of WB over the last several years indicates a need for improved prediction or early diagnosis. We hypothesized that the use of body fluids, including blood, may be more suitable than breast muscle tissue in developing a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for WB detection.

Processing evaluation of random bred broiler populations and a common ancestor at 55 days under chronic heat stress conditions.

As a result of genetic selection, the modern broiler is more efficient, higher yielding, and faster growing than the bird of the 1950s. Unfortunately, as a result of improvement in growth rate, the modern broiler has the potential to struggle under heat stress conditions. The present study evaluates 3 different random bred populations and a common ancestor under both a thermal neutral and heat stress conditions after a 54-D grow-out period.

Characterization of stress response involved in chicken myopathy.

Myopathies (Woody Breast (WB) and White Striping (WS)) of broiler chickens have been correlated with fast growth. Recent studies reported that localized hypoxia and metabolic impairment may involve in these myopathies of birds. In order to better understand the stress response mechanisms affecting myopathies of broilers, the aim of this study was to examine effects of WB and both WB/WS on stress hormone corticosterone (CORT) levels and expressional changes of stress response genes including glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR), 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), DNA methylation regulators (DNMTs), and arginine vasotocin receptor 1a and 1b (V1aR, V1bR).

Intestinal Barrier Integrity in Heat-Stressed Modern Broilers and Their Ancestor Wild Jungle Fowl.

High environmental temperature has strong adverse effects on poultry production, welfare, and sustainability and, thereby, constitutes one of the most challenging stressors. Although colossal information has been published on the effects of heat stress on poultry productivity and gut health, the fundamemntal mechanisms associated with heat stress responses and intestinal barrier function are still not well defined. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to determine the effects of acute (2 h) heat stress on growth performance, gut integrity, and intestinal expression of heat shock and tight junction proteins in slow- (broilers of the 1950's, ACRB), moderate- (broilers of 1990's, 95RAN), rapid-(modern broilers, MRB) growing birds, and their ancestor wild jungle fowl (JF).

Microcontact Printing Patterning of an HOPG Surface by an Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reaction.

The chemical modification of an sp hybridized carbon surface in a controllable manner is very challenging but also crucial for many applications. An inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction using microcontact printing technique is introduced to spatially control the modification of a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface under ambient conditions. The covalent modification was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and SECM.

Chemical modification of single walled carbon nanotubes with tetrazine-tethered gold nanoparticles via a Diels-Alder reaction.

A versatile methodology for the modification of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction with tetrazine-AuNPs (-AuNPs) under ambient conditions is described. A robust covalently bonded hybrid nanocomposite is formed.

Bio-inspired approaches to sensing for defence and security applications.

Interdisciplinary research in biotechnology and related scientific areas has increased tremendously over the past decade. This rapid pace, in conjunction with advances in microfabricated systems, computer hardware, bioengineering and the availability of low-powered miniature components, has now made it feasible to design bio-inspired materials, sensors and systems with tremendous potential for defence and security applications. To realize the full potential of biotechnology and bio-inspiration, there is a need to define specific requirements to meet the challenges of the changing world and its threats.

Vitality of human lip fibroblasts in milk, Hanks balanced salt solution and Viaspan storage media.

The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of storage in milk, Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) and Viaspan on the vitality of human lip fibroblasts. Confluent monolayers of the fibroblasts were grown in petri dishes. The growth medium was poured off and replaced in 27 dishes each with Viaspan, fresh whole milk and Hanks balanced salt solution respectively.

Bronchiolar carcinoma: a report of six cases.

Bronchiolar carcinoma is a malignant tumour which apparently arises in a terminal bronchiole from which it spreads either by bronchial embolization or by lymphogenous and/or hematogenous dissemination. It is not a common neoplasm.Histologically, the tumour bears a striking resemblance to the disease of sheep, jagziekte, which is of virus etiology.

Co-existing pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchogenic carcinoma. A report of 15 cases.

Eighty patients with carcinoma of the lung have been treated at the Nova Scotia Sanatorium since 1940; in 15, coexisting active pulmonary tuberculosis was present. No characteristic clinical or roentgenological findings indicated that the tuberculous individual also had lung cancer. In four cases cancer was not diagnosed until the lung was examined by the pathologist.