Investigating a caregiver-assisted social skills group programme for primary and early high school-aged children with acquired brain injury or cerebral palsy: protocol for a pilot mixed-methods, two-group randomised trial of PEERS Plus.

Introduction: Reaching social milestones is an important goal of childhood. Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) and cerebral palsy (CP) frequently experience challenges with social functioning and participation. The Programme for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS) is a group-based social skills programme for adolescents.

The Magnitude of the Blood Acid-Base Response, but Not Time to Peak, Is Reliable Following the Ingestion of Acute, Individualized Sodium Citrate.

Enhanced buffering capacity following sodium citrate (SC) ingestion may be optimized when subsequent exercise commences at individual time-to-peak (TTP) alkalosis (blood pH or bicarbonate concentration [HCO3-]). While accounting for considerable interindividual variation in TTP (188-300 min), a reliable blood alkalotic response is required for practical use. This study evaluated the reliability of blood pH, HCO3-, and sodium (Na+) following acute SC ingestion.

Outcomes after childhood stroke in an inpatient paediatric rehabilitation unit: A retrospective study.

Aim: Childhood stroke has an estimated incidence of 2-13 per 100 000 children. Limited consensus exists regarding best practice recommendations for childhood stroke rehabilitation. A retrospective study completed at a tertiary institution identified potential associations between factors including type of stroke, functional presentation, muscle strength and length of stay (LOS).

Coercive control in a national U.S. self-report survey: Prediction of repeated intimate partner violence.

Coercive, controlling behavior toward intimate partners correlates with physical intimate partner violence (IPV). We examined whether it also predicts subsequent IPV or other aggression. We conducted a secondary analysis of self-reports by 1,039 women and 509 men who participated in the first two waves of the Interpersonal Conflict and Resolution Study (Mumford et al.

Biopsychosocial risk factors for intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization in adolescents and adults reported after the COVID-19 pandemic onset: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the biological, psychological, and sociological risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration reported after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: IPV is a significant public health concern, characterized by various forms of violence inflicted by intimate partners. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the global prevalence of IPV.

The blood acid base and gastrointestinal response to three different forms of sodium citrate encapsulation.

Enterically coated (ENT) or delayed-release (DEL) capsules may lessen gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) following acute sodium citrate (SC) ingestion, although the effects on blood acid-base balance are undetermined. Fourteen active males ingested 0.4 g.

Psychiatric inpatient services in Ontario, 2019-2021: a cross-sectional comparison of admissions, diagnoses and acuity during the COVID-19 prerestriction, restriction and postrestriction periods.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased mental health problems in the general population, yet psychiatric hospital admissions decreased. Early evidence suggested that psychiatric admissions normalized within weeks; we sought to examine the longer-lasting impacts on the psychiatric inpatient population beyond this initial period.

Methods: We compared Ontario Mental Health Reporting System admission data for patients admitted to 8 psychiatric hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 3 time periods - before restrictions were imposed (June 22, 2019, to Mar.

Dynamic ventral disc contraction is necessary for attachment and host pathology.

is a common parasitic protist that infects the small intestine and causes giardiasis, resulting in diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, and malabsorption. Giardiasis leads to cellular damage, including loss of microvilli, disruption of tight junctions, impaired barrier function, enzyme inhibition, malabsorption, and apoptosis. In the host, motile trophozoites attach to the duodenal microvilli using a unique microtubule organelle called the ventral disc.

The domed architecture of Giardias ventral disc is necessary for attachment and host pathogenesis.

After ingestion of dormant cysts, the widespread protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia colonizes the host gastrointestinal tract via direct and reversible attachment using a novel microtubule organelle, the ventral disc. Extracellular attachment to the host allows the parasite to resist peristaltic flow, facilitates colonization and is proposed to cause damage to the microvilli of host enterocytes as well as disrupt host barrier integrity. The 9 um in diameter ventral disc is defined by a highly complex architecture of unique protein complexes scaffolded onto a spiral microtubule (MT) array of one hundred parallel, uniformly spaced MT polymers that bend approximately one and a quarter turns to form a domed structure.

Coping Strategies in Women and Children Living with Domestic Violence: Staying Alive.

Purpose: Children exposed to domestic violence are at risk of adverse short- and long-term psychosocial effects and of being abused themselves. However, mothers and children face systemic gaps when seeking safety from domestic violence services and police. Safety planning typically focuses on women, overlooking their multiple social identities and excluding their children.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Offending as a Function of Acquired Brain Injury Among Men in a High Secure Forensic Psychiatric Hospital.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a serious problem that disproportionately affects individuals in correctional services, but relatively little is known about ABI risks and correlates in forensic psychiatric services.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all admissions to a high secure forensic hospital in Ontario, Canada from January 2009 to December 2012 ( = 637) and collected data on ABI, psychiatric diagnoses, developmental disadvantage, criminal offending, and in-hospital aggression. A means cluster analysis was employed to assess risk factors by which men with ABI could be identified and multivariate general linear models were used to identify ABI-related differences in offending history and in-hospital aggression.

Recent Developments in Islet Biology: A Review With Patient Perspectives.

Navigating the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19, now COVID) pandemic has required resilience and creativity worldwide. Despite early challenges to productivity, more than 2,000 peer-reviewed articles on islet biology were published in 2021. Herein, we highlight noteworthy advances in islet research between January 2021 and April 2022, focussing on 5 areas.

Identification of Target Proteins Involved in Cochlear Hair Cell Progenitor Cytotoxicity following Gentamicin Exposure.

Given the non-labile, terminal differentiation of inner-ear sensory cells, preserving their function is critical since sensory cell damage results in irreversible hearing loss. Gentamicin-induced cytotoxicity is one of the major causes of sensory cell damage and consequent sensorineural hearing loss. However, the precise molecular mechanisms and target proteins involved in ototoxicity are still unknown.

Transitioning from heparin to saline locks for central venous access devices in oncology: An evidence-based practice approach.

Central vascular access devices (CVADs) are often essential to the care of patients undergoing long-term cancer treatment. CVAD maintenance is an essential oncology nurse competency. Evidence-based practice (EBP) in flushing and locking help to prevent intraluminal occlusion, a common complication.

Workplace stressors and PTSD among psychiatric workers: The mediating role of burnout.

Critical workplace events (e.g., assaults), chronic stressors, burnout, and work conditions all affect nurse well-being.

The influence of changes in clinical factors on high-security forensic custody dispositions.

The demand for forensic psychiatric beds is increasing, while many individuals are "stuck" in the system. Index offense severity and other legal considerations are associated with longer forensic stays but factors amenable to change such as symptoms of mental illness and aggression may also influence forensic decisions. We examined forensic review board decisions over time among 89 men admitted to a high-security forensic hospital.

Privacy and safety: Issues of dual compliance in high-secure and other forensic psychiatric hospitals.

Health care organizations are obligated to provide safe and effective treatment to their patients and also protect the safety of their workers. This paper analyzes the tensions arising from legislative regimes that, respectively, protect privacy and workplace safety, using a large, tertiary high-secure forensic psychiatric hospital in Ontario, Canada, as an example. In Ontario, the Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA) prohibits personal health information (PHI) from being disclosed to individuals who fall outside the "circle of care," including nonclinical employees who have direct involvement with patients and may be at risk of violence.

Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills for adolescents with an acquired brain injury: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To test the efficacy of a group social skills intervention on social functioning in adolescents with a brain injury.

Method: Thirty-six adolescents (mean age 14y, SD 1y 8mo, age range 12y 1mo-16y 3mo; 17 females) with acquired brain injury (ABI; ≥12mo postintervention; n=19) or cerebral palsy (n=17) were randomly allocated to the Program for the Education in Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS) or usual care. The primary outcome was the Social Skills Improvement System-Rating Scales (SSIS-RS).

Development of a Novel Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay (LAMP) for the Rapid Detection of Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease Virus.

Epizootic haemorragic disease (EHD) is an important disease of white-tailed deer and can cause a bluetongue-like illness in cattle. A definitive diagnosis of EHD relies on molecular assays such as real-time RT-qPCR or conventional PCR. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a cost-effective, specific, and sensitive technique that provides an alternative to RT-qPCR.

Workplace interventions to prevent or reduce post-traumatic stress disorder and symptoms among hospital nurses: A scoping review.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify literature on evaluated workplace interventions to prevent or reduce the prevalence or impact of work-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and PTSD symptoms among hospital nurses. A second objective was to summarise and compare the characteristics and effectiveness of these interventions.

Background: A substantial proportion of nurses report PTSD symptoms.