[Biotransformation of phenolglycosides leiocarposide and salicin].

Leiocarposide (1; 3-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-2-methoxy-6-hydroxy-benzoic acid -2'-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl ester) is a phenolic glycoside from Solidago virgaurea L. After oral administration to rats it will be only poorly absorbed and mostly unchanged fecaly excreted. In the urine were found less than 10% as metabolites: leiocarpic acid (3; 3,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-benzoic acid, 2% of the administered dose), 3-conjugates (2%), salicylic acid (5; 0.

[Immunosuppressive and virostatic actions of sterones from Petunia hybrida Vilm].

10 Ergostan-3-on derivatives presumably in the majority ergosta-1,4-dien-3-on derivatives could be isolated from Petunia hybrida VILM. Two were identified as the known compounds petuniasterone A and petuniasterone-C-22-O-acetate. The structures of two other compounds named petuniasterone-D-diacetate and 30-hydroxypetuniasterone A could be elucidated.

Antiinflammatory drugs: protection of a bacterial virus as an in vitro biological measure of free radical activity.

The effects of the hydroxyl free radical (OH), the superoxide free radical (O2-) and the trichloromethyl peroxy free radical (CC13O2) on the survival of bacteriophage T2 have been studied in the absence and presence of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The trichloromethylperoxy radical derived from carbon tetrachloride is considerably more effective than the hydroxyl radical in inactivating the virus: the superoxide radical has only a minor inactivating effect. All the NSAID investigated (flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, sulindac, piroxicam, benoxaprofen, mefenamic acid, diflunisal, aspirin, D-penicillamine, indomethacin and metiazinic acid) inhibit inactivation by OH.

In vivo cell kinetic effects of vincristine on the spontaneous AKR leukemia: recruitment of non-proliferating cells.

In order to investigate the influence of a cell-cycle specific agent on the cytokinetic behavior of a leukemic cell population in vivo, labeling studies with tritiated thymidine (3HTDR) followed by administration of vincristine (VCR) were performed on thymic cells of advanced AKR leukemic mice and evaluated utilizing a combined autoradiographic-Feulgen-microspectrophotometric technique. Twelve hours after a single drug injection the stathmokinetic effect of VCR was observed as reflected by an accumulation of cells in the S/G2-M phase of the mitotic cycle. Within 28 h this effect was no longer evident, but the significant increase in % unlabeled S/G2-M cells strongly suggested an influx of previously non-proliferating cells into the proliferating compartment (recruitment).

Resistance of normal endothelium to damage by thrombin.

We examined the effect of locally infused thrombin on rabbit neck veins, using autologous [111In]indium-labeled platelets on the vessel wall. However, when the animals were pre-treated with aspirin (10 mg/kg), there was a marked change in the ratio of radioactive counts between control and treated segments, consistent with platelet deposition on the walls of thrombin-treated segments. Thrombin-treated and control veins were also examined by transmission and scanning electronmicroscopy.

Tl2+ and Ag2+ metal-ion-induced oxidation of methionine in aqueous solution. A pulse radiolysis study.

Oxidation of methionine by Tl2+ and Ag2+ occurs with bimolecular rate constants of 2.5 x 10(9) and 3.3 x 10(8) mol-1 ls-1, respectively, and lead to sulphur-centred radical cations as primary intermediates.

Oxidation of methionine by X2.- in aqueous solution and characterization of some S therefore X three-electron bonded intermediates. A pulse radiolysis study.

The primary steps of the oxidation of methionine, Met, by X2.- (X = Cl; Br, I, SCN) have been investigated using pulse radiolysis techniques. In principle, the mechanism follows the same pattern which has been established for the OH radical induced oxidation.

[Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with gynaecological cancer undergoing radiotherapy. A comparison of calcium heparin and a semisynthetic heparin analogue (author's transl)].

Patients treated for gynaecological cancer by combined external irradiation and intravaginal radium application participated in two randomized, controlled, and prospective trials. In the first trial the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed by the 125I-fibrinogen test was 43% in the control group. The injection of 7,500 i.

[On the inhibitory activity of Polemonium saponin against fungi (author's transl)].

A saponin complex, isolated from the roots of Polemonium caeruleum L., the aglycones of which are triterpene esters, has been tested for antifungal properties. The blastomycetes Candida tropicalis, Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata proved to be very sensitive.