Virtual Reality for the Management of Pain and Anxiety for IR Procedures: A Prospective, Randomized, Pilot Study on Digital Sedation.

Purpose: To assess the analgesic and anxiolytic effects of virtual reality (VR) augmentation in patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement or fine-needle aspiration thyroid biopsy.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective, single-center randomized controlled trial with 107 patients enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive standard of care (SOC) or SOC+VR during PICC or thyroid biopsy procedures.

Sextus chest radiograph severity score correlates to clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

The value of chest radiography (CXR) in detection and as an outcome predictor in the management of patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has not yet been fully understood.To validate a standardized CXR scoring system and assess its prognostic value in hospitalized patients found to have COVID-19 by imaging criteria and to compare it to computed tomography (CT).In this cross-sectional chart review study, patients aged 18-years or older who underwent chest CT at a single institution with an imaging-based diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 15, 2020 to April 15, 2020 were included.

Virtual Reality as a Non-Pharmacological Adjunct to Reduce the Use of Analgesics in Hospitals.

Virtual reality (VR) has become an increasingly viable non-pharmacological adjunct to reduce the use of analgesics in hospitals. Within the context of the ongoing opioid epidemic, VR can serve as an invaluable alternative to traditional pain management techniques. While VR research continues to advance, there is no clear consensus on the terms used to describe critical aspects of VR.

Bringing prevost's sign into the third dimension: Artificial intelligence estimation of conjugate gaze adjusted length (CGAL) and correlation with acute ischemic stroke.

Conjugate gaze deviation is associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), although previously only measured on a 2D plane. The current study evaluates 3D imaging efficacy to assess conjugate gaze deviation and correlate direction and strength of deviation to neuro-clinical findings.A retrospective analysis of 519 patients who had CT scans for suspected AIS at our institution.

The Radiology Resident Experience at a Large Tertiary Care Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges in healthcare including pressure to provide efficient and timely patient care while maintaining a safe environment for physicians and staff. Radiology plays a vital role as part of a multidisciplinary team in the care of these patients. We address the experiences of our radiology residency at a large urban US academic institution with an underserved population in our fight against COVID-19.

Incidental COVID-19 in the radiology department: Radiographic findings of COVID-19 in asymptomatic patient undergoing CT staging for breast cancer.

A 59-year-old incarcerated woman who was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma in 2016 was brought in for evaluation of the breast cancer. Upon evaluation of the computed tomography chest for breast cancer restaging, diffuse bilateral ground glass opacities and a reverse halo sign in the right lower lobe concerning for atypical viral pneumonia were discovered. The patient was afebrile, had an oxygen saturation of 100%, and denied chest pain as well as shortness of breath.

After-hours radiology coverage in children's hospitals: a multi-center survey.

Background: Although the provision of pediatric emergency and trauma radiology has become increasingly prevalent in North America over the last few years, many hospitals differ in their models of providing after-hours coverage.

Objective: To describe the scope of after-hours radiology services provided in children's hospitals in North America, and the means by which different radiology departments deliver this coverage.

Materials And Methods: The Society for Pediatric Radiology Emergency and Trauma Imaging Committee developed a survey that we electronically distributed to a single representative from each of the 79 hospitals represented in the Society of Chiefs of Radiology at Children's Hospitals (SCORCH).

Radically Invasive Projectiles-first reports and imaging features of this new and dangerous bullet.

Recently, civilian patients have begun to present to emergency departments with a new type of bullet injury caused by a frangible bullet designed to splinter and deform in a predictable manner. This bullet "the Radically Invasive Projectile" (RIP) was developed by G2 Research (Winder, GA). In this article, we discuss the fragmentation pattern of this bullet as well present several illustrative cases in an effort to familiarize radiologists, surgeons and emergency medicine physicians with the characteristic wounding patterns and imaging appearances of this new variety of frangible ammunition.

Imaging Ballistic Injuries.

Here in Canada, we often think of gun violence as confined to conflict zones, terrorism, and more of a problem for our southern neighbor. However, in recent years, it has also become a Canadian problem with increased gun violence related to criminal activity presenting in daily practice. Radiologists play a critical role in the evaluation of ballistic trauma and must therefore be familiar with both the common and uncommon patterns of ballistic injury.

The association between neck adiposity and long-term outcome.

Anthropometric indices of obesity (e.g. body mass index, waist circumference and neck circumference) are associated with poor long-term cardiovascular outcome.

Continuous positive airway pressure alters brain microstructure and perfusion patterns in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objectives: To assess the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on brain structure and function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: A prospective study of seven OSA patients recruited from the sleep center at our institution was carried out. Patients were treated with six weeks of CPAP treatment.

Mandibular width as a novel anthropometric measure for assessing obstructive sleep apnea risk.

Craniofacial abnormalities are a known obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk factor, but still need to be better characterized. This study investigates the relationship between mandibular width and the risk of developing OSA.We retrospectively analyzed 3D reconstructions of head and neck computed tomography (CT) scans at our institution for mandibular width, neck circumference, neck fat volume (NFV), airway volume (AWV), and NFV:AWV ratio.

MRI measurements of the normal pediatric optic nerve pathway.

The purpose of this work is to establish a reference scale of optic nerve pathway measurements in pediatric patients according to age using MRI. Optic nerve pathway measurements were retrospectively analyzed using an orbits equivalent sequence on brain MRI scans of 137 pediatric patients (72 male, 65 female, average age = 7.7 years, standard deviation  = 5.

MRI in detecting facial cosmetic injectable fillers.

Background: Despite being considered a non-invasive procedure, injections can cause adverse outcomes including infections, overfilling, asymmetry, foreign body granulomas, and reactions that lead to scarring. Complications may be associated with the procedure itself, the physician's technique, and/or the type of agent injected. In these instances, it is important to be able locate and identify the substance used.

Should Intravenous Contrast be Administered in MRI Evaluation of Pediatric Outpatients with Chronic Headache?

Background: The practice of administering intravenous contrast to children varies by institution depending on their routine.

Objectives: To assess the necessity of routine contrast administration in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pediatric outpatients referred for chronic headache workups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive pediatric brain MRI examinations performed during January and February 2014 in 30 pediatric outpatients referred for evaluation of chronic headache.

Anthropometric Assessment of Neck Adipose Tissue and Airway Volume Using Multidetector Computed Tomography: An Imaging Approach and Association With Overall Mortality.

Neck adiposity tissue volume (NATV) accumulation is an indicator for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Neck circumference is a poor measure of NATV, and a quantifier for this entity has not yet been established. To evaluate volumetric quantification by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) as a reproducible anthropometric tool to measure NATV and airway volume (AWV).

Incidence, possible risk factors, and potential effects of an opaque bubble layer created by a femtosecond laser.

Purpose: To describe the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and sequelae of an opaque bubble layer created by the IntraLase (15 Khz) femtosecond laser (IntraLase, Corp.).

Setting: Private laser center and the Department of Ophthalmology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.