Publications by authors named "Hillary Foster"

We explored patients' perspectives on home exercise programmes (HEPs) and their experiences using a mobile application designed to facilitate home exercise. Data were generated using qualitative, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 10 participants who were receiving outpatient physiotherapy. Establishing a therapeutic partnership between physiotherapists and patients enabled therapists to customize the HEPs to the patients' lifestyles and preferences.

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CD8(+) cells from healthy, asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals can inhibit HIV-1 replication in naturally or acutely infected CD4(+) cells in the absence of cell killing. This CD8(+) cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response (CNAR) is mediated by a soluble CD8(+) cell antiviral factor (CAF). CNAR/CAF inhibits HIV-1 replication by blocking viral RNA transcription.

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CD8(+) cells from healthy HIV-1-infected individuals suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in infected cells by a non-cytotoxic mechanism. This activity is associated with the production of a soluble CD8(+) cell antiviral factor (CAF) that inhibits viral replication at the level of transcription. Strong CD8(+) cell non-cytotoxic anti-HIV responses (CNARs) correlate with an asymptomatic state and long-term survival of HIV-infected individuals.

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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), natural type-1 interferon (IFN) producing cells, could play a role in the innate anti-HIV immune response. Previous reports indicated that PDC IFN production is induced by HIV. Our results show a more robust IFN induction when purified PDC (>95%) were exposed to HIV-infected cells.

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CD8(+) cells from HIV-infected individuals showing the CD8(+) cell noncytotoxic antiviral response unexpectedly revealed mRNA for VCAM-1, a cell surface molecule found on endothelial cells. Uninfected subjects had undetectable levels of VCAM-1 mRNA in their CD8(+) cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that up to 12% of the CD8(+) cells from HIV-positive individuals expressed VCAM-1 compared with 0.

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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), the natural type-1 interferon (IFN) producing cells, are part of the innate immune defense against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). PDC numbers are reduced in advanced stages of infection. These cells can be infected in vivo by HIV since highly purified PDC showed evidence of infectious HIV.

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Capsid assembly during virus replication is a potential target for antiviral therapy. The Gag polyprotein is the main structural component of retroviral particles, and in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), it contains the sequences for the matrix, capsid, nucleocapsid, and several small polypeptides. Here, we report that at a concentration of 100 micro M, 7 of 83 tripeptide amides from the carboxyl-terminal sequence of the HIV-1 capsid protein p24 suppressed HIV-1 replication (>80%).

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