Challenges and Lessons Learned in Managing Web-Based Survey Fraud for the Garnering Effective Outreach and Research in Georgia for Impact Alliance-Community Engagement Alliance Survey Administrations.

Background: Convenience, privacy, and cost-effectiveness associated with web-based data collection have facilitated the recent expansion of web-based survey research. Importantly, however, practical benefits of web-based survey research, to scientists and participants alike, are being overshadowed by the dramatic rise in suspicious and fraudulent survey submissions. Misinformation associated with survey fraud compromises data quality and data integrity with important implications for scientific conclusions, clinical practice, and social benefit.

Platform development toward ultra-intense laser-based simultaneous hard x-ray and MeV neutron multimodal radiography.

Ultra-intense short-pulse lasers interacting with matter are capable of generating exceptionally bright secondary radiation sources. The short pulse duration (picoseconds to nanoseconds), small source size (sub-mm), and comparable high peak flux to conventional single particle sources make them an attractive source for radiography using a combination of particle species, known as multimodal imaging. Simultaneous x-ray and MeV neutron imaging of multi-material objects can yield unique advantages for material segmentation and identification within the full sample.

Non-Stenotic Carotid Plaques and Rate of DWI-positive MRI in Patients with Lower-Risk Transient or Persistent Minor Neurologic Events: DOUBT Sub Study.

Background & Purpose: Non-stenotic (< 50%) carotid plaques are increasingly recognized as a potential mechanism for ischemic stroke. We assessed the prevalence of such plaques in patients with low-risk neurologic events and evidence of DWI (Diffusion Weighted Imaging)-positive ischemia.

Methods: This is a post-hoc exploratory analysis from the DOUBT study, a prospective, observational, multicenter study of patients with low-risk transient or persistent minor focal neurological symptoms.

Targeting quorum sensing for manipulation of commensal microbiota.

Bacteria communicate through the accumulation of autoinducer (AI) molecules that regulate gene expression at critical densities in a process called quorum sensing (QS). Extensive work using simple systems and single strains of bacteria have revealed a role for QS in the regulation of virulence factors and biofilm formation; however, less is known about QS dynamics among communities, especially in vivo. In this review, we summarize the diversity of QS signals as well as their ability to influence "non-target" behaviors among species that have receptors but not synthases for those signals.

A Titin Missense Variant Causes Atrial Fibrillation.

Rare and common genetic variants contribute to the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Although ion channels were among the first AF candidate genes identified, rare loss-of-function variants in structural genes such as have also been implicated in AF pathogenesis partly by the development of an atrial myopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. While truncating variants (tvs) have been causally linked to arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy syndromes, the role of missense variants (mvs) remains unclear.

Cost-effectiveness of Micra™ VR leadless pacemaker in patients with bradycardia and atrial fibrillation in Australia.

Background: Micra™ VR Transcatheter Pacing System (Micra VR) is a single-chamber transcatheter leadless pacemaker. Absence of leads and subcutaneous pocket reduces or completely eliminates the risk of complications associated with the conventional transvenous pacemakers (TVPM). When compared with TVPM, the leadless technology provides a quicker postimplantation recovery and causes less cosmetic concerns/discomfort providing better patient experiences in the long run.

Healthcare providers' experiences of maternity care service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: a follow-up systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.

Problem And Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was substantial reconfiguration of maternity care services, affecting both users and healthcare providers (HCPs), in the United Kingdom (UK) and globally.

Aim: To further our understanding of the impact of maternity service reconfigurations in the UK, from the perspective of maternity HCPs.

Methods: Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane COVID Study Register were searched for relevant studies reporting qualitative data from the UK, published in English between 01 June 2021 and 30 September 2023.

Evaluating the implementation of the rapid prenatal exome sequencing (pES) service in England.

Introduction In October 2020, a national rapid prenatal exome sequencing (pES) service was rolled out across the English National Health Service (NHS). This service is delivered by multiple clinical and two laboratory teams. Whilst there was high level national guidance to support implementation, it was unclear how the service has been delivered in practice.

Diagnostic development and needs for laser driven MeV x-ray radiography.

Laser-driven MeV x-ray radiography of dynamic, dense objects demands a small, high flux source of energetic x-rays to generate an image with sufficient quality. Understanding the multi-MeV x-ray spectrum underscores the ability to extrapolate from the current laser sources to new future lasers that might deploy this radiography modality. Here, we present a small study of the existing x-ray diagnostics and techniques.

High caloric intake improves neuronal metabolism and functional hyperemia in a rat model of early AD pathology.

While obesity has been linked to both increased and decreased rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients, there is no consensus on the interaction between obesity and AD. The TgF344-AD rat model was used to investigate the effects of high carbohydrate, high fat (HCHF) diet on brain glucose metabolism and hemodynamics in the presence or absence of AD transgenes, in presymptomatic (6-month-old) vs. symptomatic (12-month-old) stages of AD progression using non-invasive neuroimaging.

Factors Influencing Nerinetide Effect on Infarct Volume in Patients Without Alteplase in the Randomized ESCAPE-NA1 Trial.

Background: In the ESCAPE-NA1 trial (Efficacy and Safety of Nerinetide for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke), treatment with nerinetide was associated with a smaller infarct volume among patients who did not receive intravenous alteplase. We assessed the effect of nerinetide on the surrogate imaging outcome of final infarct volume in patients who did not receive intravenous alteplase and explored predictors of outcome and modifiers of nerinetide's effect on infarct volume.

Methods: ESCAPE-NA1 was a multicenter, randomized trial in which patients with acute stroke with a baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score >4, undergoing endovascular thrombectomy, were randomized to receive intravenous nerinetide or placebo.

Endocannabinoid involvement in beneficial effects of caloric restriction in a rodent model of comorbid depression and epilepsy.

Clinically, patients with depression are at a heightened risk for developing epilepsy, and vice versa, suggesting shared mechanisms for this bidirectional comorbidity. Unfortunately, comorbid depression and epilepsy is associated with worsened quality of life and treatment refractoriness, highlighting the need for novel treatment targets and nonpharmacologic supplements to existing therapies. The present study used the Swim-Low Active rat, a well-validated model of depression and epilepsy comorbidity that was selectively bred based on forced swim test behavior, to assess the safety and efficacy of caloric restriction in treating this comorbidity.

Steroidogenic pathway in girls diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders.

The diagnostic prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) shows boys to be more affected than girls. Due to this reason, there is a lack of research including and observing ASD girls. Present study was aimed to detect hormones of steroidogenesis pathway in prepubertal girls (n = 16) diagnosed with ASD and sex and age matched neurotypical controls (CTRL, n = 16).

Acute stress activates basolateral amygdala neurons expressing corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 (CRHR1): Topographical distribution and projection-specific activation in male and female rats.

Although the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and corticotropin releasing hormone receptor type I (CRHR1) signaling are both central to the stress response, the spatial and circuit-specific distribution of CRHR1 have not been identified in the BLA at a high resolution. We used transgenic male and female CRHR1-Cre-tdTomato rats to topographically map the distribution of BLA neurons and identify whether they are activated by acute stress. Additionally, we used the BLA circuits projecting to the central amygdala (CeA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) as a model to test circuit-specific expression of CRHR1 in the BLA.

Hydridostannylene Derivatives of Magnesium and Calcium.

Reactions of a m-terphenylhydridostannylene with β-diketiminato magnesium and calcium hydrides provide bis-μ-hydrido species, the heterobimetallic constitutions of which are maintained after the addition of THF donor solvent. In both cases, reactions with hex-1-ene result in the formation of tetravalent organostannyl alkaline earth derivatives. Whereas the magnesium reagent undergoes facile twofold addition, the calcium-centered process is arrested after a single alkene reduction event.

Nucleophilic Triphenylgermanides of Magnesium and Calcium.

The dimeric calcium and magnesium hydrides, [(BDI)AeH] [BDI=HC{(Me)CNDipp}, Dipp=2,6-i-PrCH; Ae=Mg or Ca] do not react with PhGeH in non-coordinating solvent. Addition of THF, however, induces deprotonation and access to monomeric Ae-germanide complexes, [(BDI)Ae{GePh}(THF)], both of which have been structurally characterized. Although this process is facile when Ae=Ca, the analogous magnesium-based reaction requires heating to temperatures >100 °C, under which conditions germanide formation is complicated by THF ring opening and the generation of an alkaline earth germyl-C-terminated n-butoxide, [(BDI)Mg{μ-O(CH)GePh}].

The potential regulation of the miR-17-92a cluster by miR-21.

MicroRNAs (miRNA,miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that are ubiquitously expressed in all mammalian cells. Their primary function is the regulation of nascent RNA transcripts by direct binding to regions on the target. There is now exciting data to suggest that these miRNAs can bind to other miRNAs, and this may have a broader impact on gene regulation in disease states.

Toddler Screen Time: Longitudinal Associations with Autism and ADHD Symptoms and Developmental Outcomes.

Greater screen time is associated with increased symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (autism), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and lower scores on measures of development in preschool-aged community samples. In the current longitudinal study, we examined screen time differences at 18 months of age based on clinically-defined outcomes (i.e.